scholarly journals Flexible Antennas: A Review

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 847
Author(s):  
Sharadindu Gopal Kirtania ◽  
Alan Wesley Elger ◽  
Md. Rabiul Hasan ◽  
Anna Wisniewska ◽  
Karthik Sekhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Antenna Performance ◽  
Flexible Antennas ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Flexible Antenna ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Application Specific

The field of flexible antennas is witnessing an exponential growth due to the demand for wearable devices, Internet of Things (IoT) framework, point of care devices, personalized medicine platform, 5G technology, wireless sensor networks, and communication devices with a smaller form factor to name a few. The choice of non-rigid antennas is application specific and depends on the type of substrate, materials used, processing techniques, antenna performance, and the surrounding environment. There are numerous design innovations, new materials and material properties, intriguing fabrication methods, and niche applications. This review article focuses on the need for flexible antennas, materials, and processes used for fabricating the antennas, various material properties influencing antenna performance, and specific biomedical applications accompanied by the design considerations. After a comprehensive treatment of the above-mentioned topics, the article will focus on inherent challenges and future prospects of flexible antennas. Finally, an insight into the application of flexible antenna on future wireless solutions is discussed.

scholarly journals Nanoengineering in biomedicine: Current development and future perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 700-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Jian ◽  
David Hui ◽  
Denvid Lau
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

AbstractRecent advances in biomedicine largely rely on the development in nanoengineering. As the access to unique properties in biomaterials is not readily available from traditional techniques, the nanoengineering becomes an effective approach for research and development, by which the performance as well as the functionalities of biomaterials has been greatly improved and enriched. This review focuses on the main materials used in biomedicine, including metallic materials, polymers, and nanocomposites, as well as the major applications of nanoengineering in developing biomedical treatments and techniques. Research that provides an in-depth understanding of material properties and efficient enhancement of material performance using molecular dynamics simulations from the nanoengineering perspective are discussed. The advanced techniques which facilitate nanoengineering in biomedical applications are also presented to inspire further improvement in the future. Furthermore, the potential challenges of nanoengineering in biomedicine are evaluated by summarizing concerned issues and possible solutions.

scholarly journals Smartphone-Enabled Personalized Diagnostics: Current Status and Future Prospects

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1067
Author(s):  
Karla Jaimes Merazzo ◽  
Joseba Totoricaguena-Gorriño ◽  
Eduardo Fernández-Martín ◽  
F. Javier del Campo ◽  
Eva Baldrich
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
New Applications ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Smartphones are becoming increasingly versatile thanks to the wide variety of sensor and actuator systems packed in them. Mobile devices today go well beyond their original purpose as communication devices, and this enables important new applications, ranging from augmented reality to the Internet of Things. Personalized diagnostics is one of the areas where mobile devices can have the greatest impact. Hitherto, the camera and communication abilities of these devices have been barely exploited for point of care (POC) purposes. This short review covers the recent evolution of mobile devices in the area of POC diagnostics and puts forward some ideas that may facilitate the development of more advanced applications and devices in the area of personalized diagnostics. With this purpose, the potential exploitation of wireless power and actuation of sensors and biosensors using near field communication (NFC), the use of the screen as a light source for actuation and spectroscopic analysis, using the haptic module to enhance mass transport in micro volumes, and the use of magnetic sensors are discussed.

Characterization of clays from the Foumban region (west Cameroon) and evaluation for refractory brick manufacture

Clay Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-457
Author(s):  
A. Pountouenchi ◽  
D. Njoya ◽  
A. Njoya ◽  
D. Rabibisao ◽  
J.R. Mache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Refractory Brick ◽  
Major Element Chemistry ◽  
End Products ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Steel Mould

ABSTRACTThree clayey materials named MY3, KK and KG originating from the Foumban region (west Cameroon) were analysed to determine their granulometry, plasticity, major-element chemistry and mineralogy. Dilatometric and ceramic behaviour were also investigated. Clays were shaped by uniaxial pressing in a steel mould. Shaped samples were heated at 1300, 1400 and 1500°C. The end products were characterized in terms of their density, porosity and compressive strength. Raw materials differ in terms of their mineralogical composition, grain-size distribution, Al2O3 content and the nature and abundance of impurities inducing specific thermal behaviour during dilatometric analysis and sintering tests. The final material properties may be related to the main features of the raw materials used.

Thermoelastic Fracture Mechanics for Nonhomogeneous Material Subjected to Unsteady Thermal Load

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Wang ◽  
J. C. Han ◽  
S. Y. Du
Keyword(s):  
Functionally Graded Materials ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Crack Problem ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Numerical Illustration ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Nonhomogeneous Material ◽  
Crack Problems

This article provides a comprehensive treatment of cracks in nonhomogeneous structural materials such as functionally graded materials. It is assumed that the material properties depend only on the coordinate perpendicular to the crack surfaces and vary continuously along the crack faces. By using a laminated composite plate model to simulate the material nonhomogeneity, we present an algorithm for solving the system based on the Laplace transform and Fourier transform techniques. Unlike earlier studies that considered certain assumed property distributions and a single crack problem, the current investigation studies multiple crack problems in the functionally graded materials with arbitrarily varying material properties. The algorithm can be applied to steady state or transient thermoelastic fracture problem with the inertial terms taken into account. As a numerical illustration, transient thermal stress intensity factors for a metal-ceramic joint specimen with a functionally graded interlayer subjected to sudden heating on its boundary are presented. The results obtained demonstrate that the present model is an efficient tool in the fracture analysis of nonhomogeneous material with properties varying in the thickness direction. [S0021-8936(00)01601-9]

Decision Support at the Point of Care: Challenges in Knowledge Representation, Management, and Patient-specific Access

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Greenes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Clinical Information System ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
User Interaction ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Local Environments ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Application Specific

Many applications in a clinical information system can benefit from the incorporation of medical knowledge to provide patient-specific, point-of-care decision support. These include computer-based provider order entry, referral, clinical result interpretation, consultation, adverse event monitoring, scheduling, shared patient-doctor decision-making, and generation of alerts and reminders, among others. To be executable, knowledge must be represented in the form of rules, constraints, calculations, guidelines, and other logical/algorithmic formats. The main difficulty is that the integration of such knowledge into clinical applications, when it occurs, tends to be very system- and application-specific, often encoded in a programming language, or even in the formating specifications of a user interaction display. Also, the data references and services invoked are highly dependent on the system/platform and electronic medical record implementation. This makes it difficult and time-consuming to encode authoritative evidence-based knowledge, severely limits the ability to disseminate and share successes, and hampers efforts to review and update the logic as medical knowledge changes. Solutions to this problem involve the development of standards-based representations for medical knowledge, and tools for authoring/editing, dissemination, adaptation to local environments, and execution. Numerous approaches are being pursued, all of which will be described in this presentation.

scholarly journals To what degree the geometry and kinematics of accretionary wedges in analogue experiments is dependent on material properties

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziran Jiang ◽  
Bin Deng ◽  
Caiwei Fan ◽  
Yu He ◽  
Dong Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Accretionary Wedge ◽  
Shape Factors ◽  
Analogue Experiments ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Grain Sorting ◽  
Basal Detachment ◽  
Geometry And Kinematics

Abstract. Cohesion and friction coefficients are fundamental parameters of granular materials used in analogue experiments. Thus, to test the physical characteristics and mechanical behaviour of the materials used in the experiments will help to better understand into what degree the results of experiments of geological processes depend on the material properties. Our test suggests significant differences between quartz sand and glass bead, in particular the shape factors (~ 1.55 of quartz sand to ~ 1.35 glass bead, angular to rounded) and grain sorting (moderately to well sorted). The glass beads show much better grain sorting and smaller shape factors than the quartz sand. Also they have smaller friction coefficient (~ 0.5 to ~ 0.6) and cohesion (20–30 Ma to 70–100 Ma), no matter of the grain size in our tested samples. The quartz sand shows much smaller friction coefficient (~ 0.6 to ~ 0.65), and smaller cohesion (~ 70 Pa to ~ 100 Pa) than that of smaller grain size sand. We have conducted four sets of analogue experiments with three repeats at the minimum. Our models show that material properties have important influence on the geometry and kinematics of the accretionary wedge. Although the difference in geometries are small, models with larger grain size develop wedges with higher wedge height, larger taper, shorter wedge length and less number of faults under the same amount of bulk shortening. In particular, models with basal detachment (even with 1 mm thickness), show significant difference in geometry and kinematics with that of quartz sand. We thus argue that the geometry and kinematics of the wedge appear to be significantly influenced by relative brittle and ductile strengths, and, to a lesser degree by the layering anisotropy. The basal detachment (even of tiny thickness) determines the first-order control on the location and development of accretionary wedge, in a contrast to the physical properties of brittle materials.

scholarly journals Design and comparison of printed antennas using meander line technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 596-603
Author(s):  
Nur Hamizah Muhamad Mokhtar ◽  
Norun Abdul Malek ◽  
Ahmad Zamani Jusoh ◽  
Khamis Ali ◽  
Farah Nadia Mohd Isa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Dipole Antenna ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Printed Antennas ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
Antenna Performance ◽  
Antenna Miniaturization ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Meander Line

The interest for compact antennas in wireless communication increase due to the portability and mobility of the communication devices. Generally, an antenna at low frequency exhibits in large physical size. This project investigates the design of an antenna at 400 MHz. The simulation of the antenna has been performed using CST MWS. Since medical applications are dealing with low frequency, it will lead to large size of antenna which brings a challenge for wireless personal area network (WPAN). It is well known that the antenna performance decreases (according to Chu’s equation) as the size of antenna decreases. Therefore, antenna miniaturization using Meander Line (ML) will be taking place to overcome the challenges. Thus, this paper presents a comparison between i) printed dipole antenna without meander line technique, ii) printed dipole with meander line technique and iii) printed monopole antenna with meander line technique. The results show that an estimation of reduction size by 50% can be achieved using Meander Line technique.

scholarly journals Advanced materials used in wearable health care devices and medical textiles in the battle against coronavirus (COVID-19): A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372110417
Author(s):  
Dalia Saber ◽  
Khaled Abd El-Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Medical Textiles ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has generated great confusion around the world, affecting people’s lives and producing a large number of deaths. The development of portable and wearable devices is of great importance in several fields such as point-of-care medical applications and environmental monitoring. Wearable devices with an ability to collect various types of physiological records are progressively becoming incorporated into everyday life of people. Physiological indicators are essential health indicators and their monitoring could efficiently enable early discovery of disease. This would also help decrease the number of extra severe health problems, in disease avoidance, and lower the overall public sector health cost. Protective clothing is nowadays a main part of textiles classified as technical or industrial textiles. Protective clothing aims to protect its wearer from the harsh environmental impacts that may result in injury or death. Providing protection for the common population has also been taken seriously considering the anticipated disaster due to virus attacks. This review highlights the properties of the materials that are used in wearable health care device and medical textiles.

scholarly journals Integration Study, Analysis and Design of a Flexible Antenna in OLED Light for WiMAX Wireless Communication Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soukaina Sekkal ◽  
Laurent Canale ◽  
Mariam El Gharbi ◽  
Adel Asselman
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Wireless Communication Systems ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Flexible Antennas ◽  
Flexible Antenna

In this work, a new flexible antenna integrated with OLED light sources is presented for WiMAX wireless communication systems. The proposed antenna was placed on a 100% polyester base with a thickness of 1.5 mm and achieved a high gain. We evaluated and tested its performance, including reflection coefficient, radiation pattern and gain. The flexible and simple patch antenna has been designed to operate at 3.5 GHz for WiMAX wireless communication systems with a gain value of 5.38 dB. This article proves the applicability of the proposed material for the integration of flexible antennas in OLEDs while maintaining gain performance similar to conventional flat antennas.

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