scholarly journals Covellite (CuS) Production from a Real Acid Mine Drainage Treated with Biogenic H2S

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Magalhães Pereira Silva ◽  
Adriano Reis Lucheta ◽  
José Augusto Pires Bitencourt ◽  
Andre Luiz Vilaça do Carmo ◽  
Ivan Patricio Ñancucheo Cuevas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Acid Mine

Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) is an environmental problem associated with mining activities, which resulted from the exposure of sulfur bearing materials to oxygen and water. AMD is a pollution source due to its extreme acidity, high concentration of sulfate, and soluble metals. Biological AMD treatment is one alternative to couple environmental amelioration for valuable dissolved metals recovery, as a new source of raw materials. Covellite (CuS) particles were synthetized from an AMD sample collected in a Brazilian copper mine, after 48 and 96 h of exposure to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) produced in a bioreactor containing acidophilic sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB). The time of exposure affected the morphology, nucleation, and size of CuS crystals. CuS crystals synthetized after 96 h of H2S exposure showed better ordination as indicated by sharp and intense diffractograms obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the predominance of placoid sheets with hexagonal habit structure as observed by scanning electrons microscopy (SEM). Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry indicated a Cu:S molar ratio in agreement with CuS. Granulometric analysis demonstrated that 90% of CuS particles were less than 22 µm size. AMD biological treatment is a potential economical CuS recovery option for metallurgical process chain incorporation, or new industrial applications, since the alteration of synthesis conditions can produce different crystal forms with specific characteristics.

Biological treatment removal of rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) and metals from actual acid mine drainage

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 1485-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Nogueira ◽  
F. M. Licona ◽  
L. A. G. Godoi ◽  
G. Brucha ◽  
M. H. R. Z. Damianovic
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
Acid Mine

Abstract Actual acid mine drainage (AMD) containing a high concentration of sulfate (∼1,000 mg·L−1), dissolved metals, uranium, rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) was treated using a down-flow fixed-structured bed biological reactor (DFSBR). The reactor was operated in a continuous flow mode for 175 days and the temperature was maintained at 30 °C. The synthetic AMD was gradually replaced by the actual AMD in 20, 50 and 75% of the total medium volume. Sugarcane vinasse was used as the electron donor and the influent pH of the reactor was decreased from 6.9 to 4.6 until the system collapsed. REY elements and transition metals were removed from the actual AMD and precipitated in the down-flow fixed-structured bed reactor. Sulfate reduction achieved 67 ± 22% in Phase II and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was above 56% in Phases I and II. Removal of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm and Y was higher than 70% in both Phases II and III while Fe, Al, Si and Mn were removed with efficiencies of 79, 67, 48 and 25%, respectively. The results highlighted the potential use of DFSBR in the treatment of AMD, providing possibilities for simultaneous sulfate reduction and metal and REY recovery in a single unit.

Mechanisms and Remediation Technologies of Sulfate Removal from Acid Mine Drainage

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3252-3256
Author(s):  
Mei Qin Chen ◽  
Feng Ji Wu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Metal Corrosion ◽  
Sulfate Ion ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Biological Reduction ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Sulfate Removal ◽  
Co Precipitation

Acid mine drainage (AMD) has properties of extreme acidification, quantities of sulfate and elevated levels of soluble heavy metals. It was a widespread environmental problem that caused adverse effects to the qualities of ground water and surface water. In the past decades, most of investigations were focused on the heavy metals as their toxicities for human and animals. As another main constitution of AMD, sulfate ion is nontoxic, yet high concentration of sulfate ion can cause many problems such as soil acidification, metal corrosion and health problems. More attention should be paid on the sulfate ion when people focus on the AMD. In the paper, sulfate removal mechanisms include adsorption, precipitation, co-precipitation and biological reduction were analyzed and summarized. Meanwhile, the remediation technologies, especially the applications of them in China were also presented and discussed.

A Review of Technologies Used in Handling The Acid Mine Drainage Challenge: Perspectives on Using Green Liquor Dregs As a Sustainable Option For Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Keolebogile R. Sebogodi ◽  
Jonas K. Johakimu ◽  
B. Bruce Sithole
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
Green Liquor ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Green Liquor Dregs ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
By Products

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the repercussions that result from earth-moving activities around the sulfide-bearing mineral hosts. The detrimental effects associated with this AMD are driven by its characteristics, which include low pH and high concentrations of sulfate and toxic dissolved metals. Traditionally, the prevention and treatment of AMD are achieved by using technologies that use, amongst other, naturally occurring soils and carbonates. However, the continual use of these materials may eventually lead to their depletion. On the other hand, industrial by-products have been proven to occupying land that could have otherwise been used for profitable businesses. Additionally, the handling and maintenance of landfills are costly. In this current trend of a circular economy that is driven by industrial symbiosis, scientists are concerned with valorizing industrial by-products. One such by-product is the green liquor dregs (GLD) from Kraft mills. The neutralizing and geotechnical properties of these wastes have prompted the research pioneers to seek their potential use in handling the challenges associated with AMD. In this review, the formation AMD, trends in technologies for treatment and prevention of AMD are critically analyzed. This includes the feasibility of using GLD as an alternative, promising sustainable material.

An evaluation of waste gypsum-based precipitated calcium carbonate for acid mine drainage neutralization

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1577-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Zvimba ◽  
J. Mulopo ◽  
L. T. Bologo ◽  
M. Mathye
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Acid Neutralization ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Neutralization Capacity ◽  
Acid Neutralization Capacity ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Waste Gypsum ◽  
Major Oxide

Precipitated CaCO3 compounds recovered from pulped waste gypsum using some carbonate and hydroxide-based reagents were evaluated for their utilization in acid mine drainage (AMD) neutralization. The neutralization potentials, acid neutralization capacities and compositions of the CaCO3 compounds were determined and compared with some commercial CaCO3. It was observed that CaCO3 recovered from waste gypsum using Na2CO3 significantly neutralized AMD compared with commercial CaCO3 and that recovered using both (NH4)2CO3 or NH4OH-CO2 reagents. Moreover, a higher acid neutralization capacity of 1,370 kg H2SO4/t was determined for CaCO3 recovered from waste gypsum using Na2CO3 compared with an average of 721 and 1,081 kg H2SO4/t for ammonium-based CaCO3 and commercial CaCO3 respectively. The inorganic carbon content for the CaCO3 recovered using Na2CO3 and ammonium-based reagents of 49 and 34% respectively confirmed their observed neutralization potentials and acid neutralization capacities, while energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence suggested absence of major oxide impurities, with the exception of residual SO42− and Na2O which still requires further reduction in the respective compounds.

scholarly journals Arsenic (V) Removal by an Adsorbent Material Derived from Acid Mine Drainage Sludge

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Erdenechimeg Byambaa ◽  
Jaeyoung Seon ◽  
Tae-Hyun Kim ◽  
Shin Dong Kim ◽  
Won Hyun Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Ferric Hydroxide ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Arsenic Adsorption ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Bet Analysis

Arsenic is a toxic element that is often found in drinking water in developing countries in Asia, while arsenic poisoning is a serious worldwide human health concern. The objective of this work is to remove arsenic (V) (As(V)) from water by using an adsorbent material prepared from mine waste, called MIRESORBTM, which contains Fe, Al. The performance of the MIRESORBTM adsorbent was compared with granular ferric hydroxide (GFH), which is a commercial adsorbent. Adsorbents were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and N2 sorption with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. The kinetics, isotherms, and pH-dependency of arsenic adsorption were interrogated to gain insights into arsenic adsorption processes. The maximum adsorption capacity of MIRESORBTM was 50.38 mg/g, which was higher than that of GFH (29.07 mg/g). Moreover, a continuous column test that used environmental samples of acid mine drainage was conducted to evaluate the MIRESORBTM material for practical applications. The column could be operated for more than 5840 bed volumes without a breakthrough. Successful operation of a pilot plant using MIRESORBTM adsorbent was also reported. Thus, these studies demonstrate MIRESORBTM as a highly efficient and economical adsorbent derived from recycled mine sludge waste.

scholarly journals Bench-scale comparison of conventional and high rate clarification treatment processes for acid mine drainage

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison L. Mackie ◽  
Margaret E. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
Metal Mining ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Federal Guidelines

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is characterized as having low pH and high concentrations of sulfate and dissolved metals. This study compared treated water quality and sludge properties of three process technologies for AMD: conventional sedimentation, high density sludge (HDS), and ballasted flocculation. All three processes were found to be capable of removing regulated metals to concentrations below current Canadian discharge guidelines. However, ballasted flocculation was the only technology found to be able to meet the more stringent federal guidelines proposed for future implementation under the Fisheries' Act's Metal Mining Effluent Regulations. Specifically, arsenic and zinc concentrations in AMD treated by the conventional and HDS processes were above proposed future guidelines of 0.10 and 0.25 mg/L, respectively, while lead, copper, and nickel all met respective guidelines. Concentrations of all regulated contaminants were below proposed guidelines when treated by ballasted flocculation. The HDS process was found to produce a significantly more concentrated sludge than conventional sedimentation (i.e., higher solids content (19 ± 1% versus 7 ± 4% wet solids) and lower sludge volume index (SVI; 8.4 ± 0.8 versus 230 ± 20 mL/g)).

scholarly journals Precipitation of heavy metals from acid mine drainage and their geochemical modeling

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Petrilakova ◽  
Magdalena Balintova ◽  
Marian Holub
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Geochemical Modeling ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Surface Water Hydrology ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract Geochemical modeling plays an increasingly vital role in a number of areas of geoscience, ranging from groundwater and surface water hydrology to environmental preservation and remediation. Geochemical modeling is also used to model the interaction processes at the water - sediment interface in acid mine drainage (AMD). AMD contains high concentrations of sulfate and dissolved metals and it is a serious environmental problem in eastern Slovakia. The paper is focused on comparing the results of laboratory precipitation of metal ions from AMD (the Smolnik creek, Slovakia) with the results obtained by geochemical modeling software Visual Minteq 3.0.

Mineralogy and chemistry of ochre sediments from an acid mine drainage near a disused mine in Cornwall, UK

Clay Minerals ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balwant Singh ◽  
M. J. Wilson ◽  
W. J. McHardy ◽  
A. R. Fraser ◽  
G. Merrington
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Transmission Electron

AbstractOchre sediments from acid mine drainage in Cornwall have been investigated using X-ray diffraction, thermal methods, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and chemical methods in order to determine their mineralogical and chemical composition. Fresh sediments consist of ferrihydrite and goethite. Large fractions of these minerals are dissolved by the ammonium oxalate treatment reflecting their poorly crystalline structure. Fresh sediments contain large amounts of surface-adsorbed SO4 (up to 9.3%) which is readily desorbed by the PO4 treatment. Goethite is the only mineral present in relatively older sediments and the mineral is well crystallized with rod-shaped morphology. Environmental conditions, such as pH and SO4 content, are not favourable for the presence of schwertmannite at the site. Iron minerals appear to be precipitating around filamentous algae and the shape of algae is preserved in the Fe oxide matrix. The ubiquitous presence of algae in close association with Fe minerals indicate their possible role in the crystallization of Fe oxides.

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