scholarly journals Solid State Hydrogen Storage in Alanates and Alanate-Based Compounds: A Review

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Milanese ◽  
Sebastiano Garroni ◽  
Fabiana Gennari ◽  
Amedeo Marini ◽  
Thomas Klassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Hydrogen Absorption ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Molecular Form ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals ◽  
Highly Porous Materials ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Solid Form ◽  
Highly Porous

The safest way to store hydrogen is in solid form, physically entrapped in molecular form in highly porous materials, or chemically bound in atomic form in hydrides. Among the different families of these compounds, alkaline and alkaline earth metals alumino-hydrides (alanates) have been regarded as promising storing media and have been extensively studied since 1997, when Bogdanovic and Schwickardi reported that Ti-doped sodium alanate could be reversibly dehydrogenated under moderate conditions. In this review, the preparative methods; the crystal structure; the physico-chemical and hydrogen absorption-desorption properties of the alanates of Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Y, Eu, and Sr; and of some of the most interesting multi-cation alanates will be summarized and discussed. The most promising alanate-based reactive hydride composite (RHC) systems developed in the last few years will also be described and commented on concerning their hydrogen absorption and desorption performance.

Niobium-bearing arsenides and germanides from elemental mixtures not involving niobium: a new twist to an old problem in solid-state synthesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sviatoslav Baranets ◽  
Hua He ◽  
Svilen Bobev
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Temperature Reactions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Synthetic Work

Three isostructural transition-metal arsenides and germanides, namely niobium nickel arsenide, Nb0.92(1)NiAs, niobium cobalt arsenide, NbCoAs, and niobium nickel germanide, NbNiGe, were obtained as inadvertent side products of high-temperature reactions in sealed niobium containers. In addition to reporting for the very first time the structures of the title compounds, refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data, this article also serves as a reminder that niobium containers may not be suitable for the synthesis of ternary arsenides and germanides by traditional high-temperature reactions. Synthetic work involving alkali or alkaline-earth metals, transition or early post-transition metals, and elements from groups 14 or 15 under such conditions may yield Nb-containing products, which at times could be the major products of such reactions.

Analysis of the environment of beryllium, magnesium and alkaline earth atoms in oxygen-containing compounds

1999 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Blatov ◽  
L. V. Pogildyakova ◽  
V. N. Serezhkin
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Organometallic Compounds ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crystal Chemical ◽  
Coordination Polyhedra ◽  
Coordination Numbers ◽  
Coordination Spheres

About 2100 inorganic and organometallic compounds containing beryllium, magnesium and alkaline earth atoms (M) were investigated with Voronoi–Dirichlet polyhedra (VDPs). It is shown that the coordination numbers (CNs) of the M atoms in MO n coordination polyhedra can be determined by means of VDPs without crystal-chemical radii. The distributions of the M—O distances in the coordination spheres of the M atoms are bimodal for M = Be or Mg and monomodal for the other alkaline earth metals. Beryllium and magnesium coordination polyhedra containing weak M—O contacts were classified by variants of their distortions. It is found that the volume of the domains of the Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba atoms is independent of their CNs at CN \ge 6 (up to 16 for barium). The possibility of using the model of deformable spheres to describe the crystal structure of the compounds investigated is suggested.

New alkoxides of copper and the alkaline and alkaline-earth metals. Crystal structure of Na2Cu[OCH(CF3)2]4

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (13) ◽  
pp. 2812-2819 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Purdy ◽  
C. F. George ◽  
J. H. Callahan
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals

scholarly journals Termite pyrotechnic compositions of iron and alkaline earth metals peroxides

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Andrzej Wojewódka ◽  
Marcin Gerlich
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Front Propagation ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Propagation Rate ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals ◽  
Pyrotechnic Compositions ◽  
Iron Based ◽  
Delay Elements

The fallowing article presents the combustion studies of Fe/alkaline earth metals peroxides composition. It contains a literature review and the results of own research, which aim is to determine the possibility of using iron-based thermite compositions in time delay elements. The article focuses on the investigation of combustion front propagation rate as a function of a pressing load, the iron content and the purity of used oxidants. The DSC, TG and XRD analysis confirmed that reactions in this system occurs mainly in the solid state.

scholarly journals Preparation Method of Porous Dressing Materials Based on Butyric-Acetic Chitin Co-Polyesters

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Draczynski ◽  
Beata Kolesinska ◽  
Ilona Latanska ◽  
Witold Sujka
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Porous Films ◽  
Highly Porous Materials ◽  
Solid Form ◽  
Dressing Materials ◽  
Highly Porous

A method for obtaining highly porous materials in the form of film, based on the butyric-acetic chitin co-polyesters, containing 90% of butyryl and 10% of acetyl groups, was developed. The highly porous films, with thickness up to 0.11 mm, were obtained by two methods: (a) pouring 5% BAC 90/10 solution in ethanol on the layer of solid salts (porophor agent) which after solidification was eluted with water; (b) application of the suspension of porophor agent in BAC 90/10 solution in the solvent mixture with density similar to bulk porophor agent. In the final stage, the materials were obtained with porosity up to 95–99% and tensile strength 5 cN, which can be used as an active layer of medical dressings. The optimised procedure was used in the production of porous medical dressings (Medisorb) on an industrial scale. In the industrial method, NaCl was used as a porophor agent in the solid form and as a 3% solution in polymer. The final materials were characterised by porosity and other functional parameters at the level recommended for medical dressings. Medisorb series materials do not show in vitro cytotoxic activity.

scholarly journals Compartmentalization of Alkaline-Earth Metals in Salen-Type Cu- and Ni-Complexes in Solution and in the Solid State

ACS Omega ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 10231-10242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Finelli ◽  
Nelly Hérault ◽  
Aurélien Crochet ◽  
Katharina M. Fromm
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals

scholarly journals OXIDATION KINETICS OF ALUMINUM ALLOY AK12M2, MODIFIED BY BARIUM, IN SOLID STATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Izatuiio. N. Ganiev ◽  
◽  
Furkatshokh Sh. Zokirov ◽  
Murodali M. Sangov ◽  
Asadkul E. Berdiyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Oxidation Kinetics ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Initial Alloy ◽  
Kinetics Of

The oxidation kinetics of the AK12M2 aluminum alloy modified to 1.0% by barium was studied using thermogravimetry method. It was shown that the addition of barium to the alloy and the increase in temperature increase the oxidation rate of the initial alloy in the solid state. The apparent activation energy of the oxidation process of the AK12M2 aluminum alloy is 127.73 kJ/mol and decreases to 71.85 kJ∕mol for the alloy with 1.0% barium. The oxidation curves of the AK12M2 aluminum alloy with barium in the solid state are described by polynomials indicating the hyperbolic mechanism of that process. The mechanism of influence of barium on the oxidability of the AK12M2 aluminum alloy was established. It lies in the fact that barium in the range of 0.3-1.0% plays a dominant role in the formation of an oxide film, which is characterized by low protective properties. Barium influence is explained by its physicochemical properties as one of the alkaline earth metals.

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