scholarly journals Effect of Tool Pin Geometry on the Microhardness and Surface Roughness of Friction Stir Processed Recycled AA 6063

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1695
Author(s):  
Kia Wai Liew ◽  
Yu Zorn Chung ◽  
Guo Sheng Teo ◽  
Chee Kuang Kok
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Localized Heating ◽  
Pin Geometry ◽  
Aluminum Alloy 6063 ◽  
Tool Pin ◽  
Microscopy Images

Friction stir processing was experimented on recycled aluminum alloy 6063 to investigate the effects of varying friction stir tool pin geometry and friction stir processing parameters on the microhardness and surface roughness. Different tool pin geometry has great influence on the outcome as it alters the ability to provide localized heating and better material flow. This study was performed using two different types of tool pin geometry, namely, the cylindrical threaded and the taper threaded pins, across varying rotational speeds and feed rates. The mechanical properties of the processed workpiece were inspected and analyzed in terms of microhardness, microstructure, and surface roughness. The results show that the taper threaded tool offers the highest improvement in microhardness up to 63% at the lowest rotational speed and highest feed rate at 1150 rpm and 30 mm/min, respectively, and this is supported by microscopy images showing finer grains with the compact and homogenous distribution. The taper threaded tool also provided a better surface roughness than the cylindrical threaded tool. However, the surface produced by cylindrical threaded at 30 mm/min feed rates is as smooth and consistent as that of taper threaded tool.

Multi Response Optimization of Friction Stir Processing Parameters on Cryo-Rolled AZ31B Alloys

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senthil Kumar Velukkudi Santhanam ◽  
Jeffrin Michael Gnana Anbalagan ◽  
Shanmuga Sundaram Karibeeran ◽  
Dhanashekar Manickam ◽  
Ramaiyan Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Pin Geometry ◽  
Az31b Alloy ◽  
Tool Pin

Abstract Friction stir processing (FSP) method is a solid-state technique used for microstructural alteration and enhancing mechanical properties of sheet metals and as-cast materials. Aluminium, brass, copper, steel, tin, nickel, magnesium and titanium are the widely used materials in friction stir processing. Even though magnesium has low density compared to aluminium, only few reports are made on magnesium. Two stage of process was carried out on the experiment to obtain fine grain refinement and improved strength. First, Cryo-rolling processing on 6mm thickness AZ31B alloy at constant roller power, roller rotation speed, strength coefficient and strain exponent. AZ31B alloy is dipped in liquid nitrogen for certain period and rolled in it’s cold state. Number of passes into roller was same for 9 samples. Cryo-rolled AZ31B is used as sample for the second stage i.e., Friction stir processing. FSPed material produce refined grain structure, micro-structurally modified cast alloys by alloying specific elements, and improvement in material strength. Based on Process parameters the properties of the material alters. Friction stir processing was performed on cryo-rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy with various processing parameters. The effect of process parameters (tool pin geometry, tool rotational speed and tool traverse speed) on two responses namely ultimate tensile strength and micro-hardness values were measured. The tool used for Friction stir processing is H13 high carbon steel with hardness upto 60 HRC. Tool pin geometry used for Friction stir processing are square, cylinder and tapered. The processed materials are cut using wire cut EDM as per ASTM standards to measure the ultimate tensile strength and hardness. Universal tester and Vickers hardness tester were used to measure the tensile strength and hardness of the Friction stir processed sample. Most of the research has been published on cryo-rolled and FSP experiments separately. In this work, a combination of these two process is developed for improved tensile strength, hardness, and ultrafine grain refinement. A multi-response optimization was performed using grey relation analysis (GRA) to find out the optimum combination of the process parameters for maximum ultimate tensile strength hardness. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and F-test were performed to determine the most significant parameters at a 95% confidence level. The corrosion test was made on Friction stir processed cryo-rolled AZ31B alloy for every process parameters. Salt spray test was done as per ASTM standard to find the corrosion rate. The corrosion rate for Friction stir processed cryo-rolled material is less (at optimal condition). The microstructure analysis was done on the samples using a Scanning Electron Microscopy. For clear view of grains the material is subjected to polishing and etching. The etchant used on the material is Picral + Acetic acid + Hydrogen peroxide. Fine grain size was obtained on the Friction Stir processed Cryo-rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy at optimal condition.

Evaluation of Thermal History and Defect in Friction Stir Processing of As-Cast Magnesium AZ91

2018 ◽  
Vol 916 ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Esmaeili ◽  
Abdel Magid S. Hamouda
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Temperature History ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Cast Magnesium ◽  
Longitudinal Cracks ◽  
Tool Pin

Friction stir processing (FSP) is a thermos-mechanical process for modifying the microstructural and material properties of metals. FSP also can be used for mechanical alloying and producing metal matrix composites. Due to creation of longitudinal cracks and tunneling cavities throughout the processing path, FSP of AZ91 is difficult and also sensitive to processing temperature. In this study, the effect of processing parameters such as the traverse and rotational speeds and the dimension of the tool pin on the temperature history experienced by material were investigated. Additionally, a minimum temperature required to produce a defect-free specimen was presented.

scholarly journals Influence of pin geometry on mechanical and structural properties of butt friction stir welded 2024-T351 aluminum alloy

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Radisavljevic ◽  
Aleksandar Zivkovic ◽  
Vencislav Grabulov ◽  
Nenad Radovic
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Small Difference ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Nugget Zone ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Mechanical And Structural Properties ◽  
Pin Geometry ◽  
Tool Pin ◽  
Good Agreement

The aim of this work was to investigate the combined effect of small difference in pin geometry, together with rotation and welding speed on the weldability, mechanical and structural properties of FSW 2024-T351 Al plates. The only difference in tool pin design was the shape of thread: regular and rounded. Specimens were welded using rotation rate of 750 rev/min and welding speeds of 73 and 93 mm/min. In all four cases, specimens were defect free, with good or acceptable weld surface. Modification in pin design showed strong influence on macro structure and hardness distribution. Weak places are identified as low hardness zone, close to the nugget zone and are in good agreement with fracture location in tensile testing. Weld efficiency, as a measure of weld quality, are better in case of 310 tool, while UTS values can differ up to 13% for the equal welding parameters. Therefore, it can be assumed that small modification in tool design, particularly in pin geometry, can have great influence on weld formation and mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Development and characterization of WE43/nano-TiC surface composite by friction stir processing technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 730-741
Author(s):  
Shivali Singla ◽  
Amardeep Singh Kang ◽  
TS Sidhu
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Pin Geometry ◽  
Tool Pin

In present research work, an attempt has been made on the development of titanium carbide–reinforced magnesium-based surface composites through friction stir processing technique. Particularly, attempt has been made to observe the influence of input processing conditions, namely tools-pin geometry, travel speed, and rotational speed for the mechanical importance (surface hardness and elastic modulus) of the developed composites. Further, the, incurred modifications in the metallurgical characteristics and corrosion behaviour of the developed composites have also been analysed through microscopic and scanning electron microscopy, and immersion fluid test, respectively. It has been found that the quality characteristics of the composites have been greatly influenced by the selected range of input variables. As noticed, the grain size of the magnesium alloy has been significantly reduced from 22.42 to 6.6 µm. Furthermore, the maximum level of the micro-hardness (180 HV0.3) of the processed composite with square-shaped tool-pin geometry. Moreover, the degradation rate of the processed composite is found to be 45% lesser than the unprocessed magnesium alloy.

Effect of Friction Stir Processing Parameters on the Properties of AA7075-T73/Al2O3 Surface Metal Matrix Composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 1002 ◽  
pp. 140-150
Author(s):  
Ali H. Al-Helli ◽  
Ahmed R. Alhamaoy ◽  
Ayad Murad Takhakh
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Particle Distribution ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Surface Composite ◽  
Surface Metal ◽  
Number Of Passes

Friction Stir Processing (FSP) technology was wielded to output the Al7075/ Al2O3 surface composite. The effects parameters of processing method on particle distribution have been studied. The microstructure and mechanical characteristics of the samples were examined using the optical microscope, SEM and hardness examination. Acquired consequences, showed that Al2O3 particles were in a good interior distribution inside the basement. This technique produced excellent bonding between the surface composite and the base material. On other hand the surface hardness was increased about 25% as compared with the substrate. In addition, grain matrix refinement and enhanced particle distribution were obtained after each FSP pass. Also the dispersion of Al2O3 particles in the stirred area became more homogeneous and the average hardness improved by increasing the number of passes.

scholarly journals Effect of Friction Stir Processing on Microstructural, Mechanical, and Corrosion Properties of Al-Si12 Additive Manufactured Components

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazal Moeini ◽  
Seyed Vahid Sajadifar ◽  
Tom Engler ◽  
Ben Heider ◽  
Thomas Niendorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Microstructural Investigation ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Size Refinement ◽  
Hardness Values

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an advanced manufacturing process that provides the opportunity to build geometrically complex and highly individualized lightweight structures. Despite its many advantages, additively manufactured components suffer from poor surface quality. To locally improve the surface quality and homogenize the microstructure, friction stir processing (FSP) technique was applied on Al-Si12 components produced by selective laser melting (SLM) using two different working media. The effect of FSP on the microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of SLM samples was investigated. Microstructural investigation showed a considerable grain refinement in the friction stirred area, which is due to the severe plastic deformation and dynamic recrystallization of the material in the stir zone. Micro-hardness measurements revealed that the micro-hardness values of samples treated using FSP are much lower compared to SLM components in the as-built condition. This reduction of hardness values in samples treated with FSP can be explained by the dissolution of the very fine Si-phase network, being characteristic for SLM samples, during FSP. Surface topography also demonstrated that the FSP results in the reduction of surface roughness and increases the homogeneity of the SLM microstructure. Decreased surface roughness and grain size refinement in combination with the dissolved Si-phase network of the FSP treated material result in considerable changes in corrosion behavior. This work addresses the corrosion properties of surface treated additive manufactured Al-Si12 by establishing adequate microstructure-property relationships. The corrosion behavior of SLM-manufactured Al-Si12 alloys is shown to be improved by FSP-modification of the surfaces.

Influence of friction stir processing parameters on surface modified 90Cu-10Ni composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1416-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Suganya Priyadharshini ◽  
R. Subramanian ◽  
N. Murugan ◽  
R. Sathiskumar
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Surface Modified

Influence of Friction Stir Processing Parameters on the Microstructure of Aluminum Foams

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Azizieh ◽  
Keyvan Goudarzi ◽  
Reza Pourmansouri ◽  
Hosein Kafashan ◽  
Zohre Balak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Aluminum Foams ◽  
Friction Stir
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