scholarly journals On the Grain Microstructure–Mechanical Properties Relationships in Aluminium Alloy Parts Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1175
Author(s):  
Pavel A. Somov ◽  
Eugene S. Statnik ◽  
Yuliya V. Malakhova ◽  
Kirill V. Nyaza ◽  
Alexey I. Salimon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Surface Finishing

Recent years witnessed progressive broadening of the practical use of 3D-printed aluminium alloy parts, in particular for specific aerospace applications where weight saving is of great importance. Selective laser melting (SLM) is an intrinsically multi-parametric fabrication technology that offers multiple means of controlling mechanical properties (elastic moduli, yield strength, and ductility) through the control over grains size, shape, and orientation. Targeted control over mechanical properties is achieved through the tuning of 3D-printing parameters and may even obviate the need of heat treatment or mechanical post-processing. Systematic studies of grain structure for different printing orientations with the help of EBSD techniques in combination with mechanical testing at different dimensional levels are the necessary first steps to implement this agenda. Samples of 3D-printable Al-Mg-Si RS-333 alloy were fabricated in three orientations with respect to the principal build direction and the fast laser beam scanning direction. Sample structure and proper-ties were investigated using a number of techniques, including EBSD, in situ SEM tensile testing, roughness measurements, and nanoindentation. The as-printed samples were found to display strong variation in Young’s modulus values from nanoindentation (from 43 to 66 GPa) and tensile tests (from 54 to 75 GPa), yield stress and ultimate tensile strength (100–195 and 130–220 MPa) in different printing orientations, and almost constant hardness of about 0.8 GPa. A further preliminary study was conducted to assess the effect of surface finishing on the mechanical performance. Surface polishing was seen to reduce Young’s modulus and yield strength but improves ductility, whereas the influence of sandblasting was found to be more controversial. The experimental results are discussed in connection with the grain morphology and orientation.

scholarly journals On Some Aspects of the Structure-Property Relationships in SLM 3D-Printed Aluminum Alloy Parts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel A. Somov ◽  
Eugene S. Statnik ◽  
Yuliya Malakhova ◽  
Kirill V. Nyaza ◽  
Alexey I. Salimon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
3D Printed

Recent years witnessed progressive broadening of the practical use of 3D-printed aluminium alloy parts, in particular for specific aerospace applications where weight saving is of great importance. Selective laser melting (SLM) is an intrinsically multi-parametric fabrication technology that offers multiple means of controlling mechanical properties (elastic moduli, yield strength, ductility) through the control over grains size, shape, and orientation. Ultimately, this approach implies that structural elements can be purposefully fabricated to reinforce specific zones and directions where higher mechanical loads are anticipated by design. Targeted control over mechanical properties is achieved through the tuning of 3D-printing parameters and may even obviate the need of heat treatment or mechanical post-processing. Systematic studies of grain structure for different printing orientation with the help of EBSD techniques in combination with mechanical testing at different dimensional levels are the necessary first steps to implement this agenda. Samples of 3D-printable Al-Mg-Si RS-333 alloy were fabricated in 3 orientations with respect to the principal build direction and the fast laser beam scanning direction. Sample structure and proper-ties were investigated using a number of techniques, including EBSD, in situ SEM tensile testing, roughness measurements and nanoindentation. The as-printed samples we found to display strong variation in Young’s modulus values from nanoindentation (from 43 to 66 GPa) and tensile tests (from 54 to 75 GPa), yield stress and ultimate tensile strength (100…195 and 130…220 MPa) in different printing orientations, and almost constant hardness of about 0.8 GPa. A further preliminary study was conducted of the effect of surface finishing on the mechanical performance. Surface polishing appears to reduce Young’s modulus and yield strength, but improves ductility, whereas the influence of sand blasting is more controversial. The experimental results are dis-cussed in connection with the grain morphology and orientation.

Cellulose Whiskers Micro-Fibers Effect in the Mechanical Proprieties of PP and PLA Composites Fibers Obtained by Spinning Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 12-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gherissi ◽  
R.Ben Cheikh ◽  
E. Dévaux ◽  
Fethi Abbassi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Failure Resistance ◽  
Cellulose Whiskers ◽  
Limit Strength

In this study, we present the manufacturing process of two new composites materials in the form of long fibers of polylactic-acid (PLA) or polypropylene (PP), reinforced by cellulose whiskers micro-fibers loads. In order to evaluate the mechanical properties of these advanced materials, a several uniaxial tensile tests were carried out. The PP and the PLA have initially been spinning without the addition of cellulose whiskers micro-fibers. In order to study the effects of cellulose whiskers micro-fibers reinforcements in the Mechanical behavior of the PLA and PP filaments, we determinate the proprieties of these advanced material from the tensile results. For the PP composite filaments material case, the whiskers reinforcement increases Young's modulus and failure resistance, but it reduces the limit strength failure. For the PLA composites the addition of 1% wt of cellulose whiskers from the total volume fraction of the material, increase the Young’s modulus more than 50% and a decrease of the failure resistance and the limit strength of composite. The obtained composites fibers are very rigid and brittle. What follows, that the addition of cellulose whiskers micro fibers in PP matrix, provides mechanical properties more convenient compared to the PLA matrix.

Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Regenerated Bone by Nanoindentation Technique

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 2220-2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Ishimoto ◽  
Takayoshi Nakano
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Nanoindentation Technique ◽  
Intact Bone

To evaluate the material parameters of regenerated bone, it is important to clarify the mechanical performance of the regenerated portion. In general, the shape and size of regenerated bone tissue is heterogeneous. It is often difficult to elucidate material properties by means of conventional mechanical tests such as compressive and/or tensile tests and bending tests. The nanoindentation technique has been utilized to evaluate the material properties of small or microstructured materials because they do not necessarily require a large well-designed specimen. Thus, this technique may be useful for the evaluation of the material properties of regenerated bone tissue. In this study, this technique was applied for the assessment of the Young’s modulus and hardness of regenerated and intact long bones of a rabbit. The regenerated bone exhibited a significantly lower Young’s modulus and hardness than the intact bone. The regenerated long bone also exhibited impaired mechanical properties, which may have been caused by the difference in the nano-organization of its collagen fibers and mineral crystals (the main components of bone tissue), from that of the intact bone.

Local Mechanical Properties of Highly Porous Si3N4 for Trabecular Bone Replacement

2015 ◽  
Vol 662 ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Zuzana Pramuková Vilčeková ◽  
Monika Kašiarová ◽  
Magdaléna Precnerová Domanická ◽  
Miroslav Hnatko ◽  
Pavol Šajgalík
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Bone Replacement ◽  
Highly Porous

The study deals with the development of highly porous undegradable ceramics based on silicon nitride as potential replacement of trabecular bone. These materials were produced using replication method with polyurethane foams as pore-forming agents to achieve similar porous structure to trabecular bone. Prepared porous ceramics had a bimodal pore structure with macro-pores larger than 200 μm and micro-pores smaller than 1 μm in diameter, which are necessary for tissue ingrowths, cell adhesion, adsorption of biological metabolites and nutrition delivery in organism. The microstructure and local mechanical properties (Young’s modulus and Yield strength) were evaluated and compared with human trabecular bone. Results showed that studied porous materials have satisfactory porosity and pore sizes for trabecular bone replacement. Young’s modulus of bone was 12.6 ± 2.23 GPa and porous silicon nitride samples ranged from 10.9 ± 3.38 GPa to 12.9 ± 1.13 GPa. The values of Yield strength of trabecular bone was determined as 493 ± 30.7 MPa and the values of porous samples varied from 250 ± 19.3 MPa to 558 ± 36.5 MPa. Young’s modulus and Yield strength increase with increasing of the pre-sintering temperature and multiple infiltrations.

Mechanical Properties of Hydrogen Functionalized Graphyne - A Molecular Dynamics Investigation

2012 ◽  
Vol 472-475 ◽  
pp. 1813-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Lin Yang ◽  
Zhe Yong Fan ◽  
Ning Wei ◽  
Yong Ping Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Structure Engineering

In this paper the mechanical properties of a series of hydrogen functionalized graphyne are investigated through acting tensile loads on the monolayer networks. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to calculate the fracture strains and corresponding maximum forces for pristine graphyne along both armchair and zigzag directions. Furthermore, hydrogen functionalized graphynes with different functionalization sites are analyzed to investigate the effect of functionlization on the mechanical performance. Finally, Young's modulus of all the investigated architectures are computed. The obtained results show that monolayer graphyne is mechanically stable with high strength and stiffness, and the mechanical performance can be tuned through structure engineering and functionalization.

scholarly journals Improving the Mechanical Properties of a β-type Ti-Nb-Zr-Fe-O Alloy

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasile Danut Cojocaru ◽  
Anna Nocivin ◽  
Corneliu Trisca-Rusu ◽  
Alexandru Dan ◽  
Raluca Irimescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Biomedical Implant ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Β Phase

The influence of complex thermo-mechanical processing (TMP) on the mechanical properties of a Ti-Nb-Zr-Fe-O bio-alloy was investigated in this study. The proposed TMP program involves a schema featuring a series of severe plastic deformation (SPD) and solution treatment (STs). The purpose of this study was to find the proper parameter combination for the applied TMP and thus enhance the mechanical strength and diminish the Young’s modulus. The proposed chemical composition of the studied β-type Ti-alloy was conceived from already-appreciated Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr alloys with high β-stability by replacing the expensive Ta with more accessible Fe and O. These chemical additions are expected to better enhance β-stability and thus avoid the generation of ω, α’, and α” during complex TMP, as well as allow for the processing of a single bcc β-phase with significant grain diminution, increased mechanical strength, and a low elasticity value/Young’s modulus. The proposed TMP program considers two research directions of TMP experiments. For comparisons using structural and mechanical perspectives, the two categories of the experimental samples were analyzed using SEM microscopy and a series of tensile tests. The comparison also included some already published results for similar alloys. The analysis revealed the advantages and disadvantages for all compared categories, with the conclusions highlighting that the studied alloys are suitable for expanding the database of possible β-Ti bio-alloys that could be used depending on the specific requirements of different biomedical implant applications.

INFLUENCE OF MOISTURE ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSE INSULATION PAPER

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (07) ◽  
pp. 1450051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Y. WANG ◽  
M. TIAN ◽  
H. X. XU ◽  
P. FAN
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Amorphous Cellulose ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Networks ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to investigate the impact of moisture on mechanical properties of insulation paper. According to the molecular modeling approach proposed by Theodorou, the amorphous cellulose models of insulation paper with different moisture contents were built up to calculate mechanical parameters and hydrogen bond networks. And relevant conclusions could be drawn through further analysis on these calculation results: water molecules can destroy hydrogen bond network between the neighboring cellulose molecules, which might be responsible for the significant decrease of Young's modulus and other mechanical parameters, while no appreciable effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonds on mechanical properties was detected. Thus tensile tests were also carried out to study the moisture influence on the Young's modulus, by which the result of the simulation was approved.

scholarly journals Modelling of Nanoindentation of TiAlN and TiN Thin Film Coatings for Automotive Bearing

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 7194-7199
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Poisson’S Ratio ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Poisson's Ratio ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Element Method

Bearings are critical components for the transmission of motion in machines. Automotive components, especially bearings, will wear out over a certain period of time because they are constantly subjected to high levels of stress and friction. Studies have proven that coatings can extend the lifespan of bearings. Hence, it is necessary to conduct studies on coatings for bearings, particularly the mechanical and wear properties of the coating material. This detailed study focused on the mechanical properties of single-coatings of TiN and TiAIN using the finite element method (FEM). The mechanical properties that can be obtained from nano-indentation experiments are confined to just the Young’s modulus and hardness. Therefore, nanoindentation simulations were conducted together with the finite element method to obtain more comprehensive mechanical properties such as the yield strength and Poisson’s ratio. In addition, various coating materials could be examined by means of these nanoindentation simulations, as well the effects of those parameters that could not be controlled experimentally, such as the geometry of the indenter and the bonding between the coating and the substrate. The simulations were carried out using the ANSYS Mechanical APDL software. The mechanical properties such as the Young’s modulus, yield strength, Poisson’s ratio and tangent modulus were 370 GPa, 19 GPa, 0.21 and 10 GPa, respectively for the TiAlN coating and 460 GPa, 14 GPa, 0.25 and 8 GPa, respectively for the TiN coating. The difference between the mechanical properties obtained from the simulations and experiments was less than 5 %.

Evaluation of Young's Modulus and Yield Strength of Thin Film Structural Material Using Nanoindentation Technique

1999 ◽  
Vol 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongil Son ◽  
Yun-Hee Lee ◽  
Jeong-Hoon Ahn ◽  
Dongil Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Elastic Range ◽  
Silicon Bulk

ABSTRACTAluminum films have wide applications in micromechanical devices such as micro sensors and actuators. Therefore, their mechanical properties are very important for reliability evaluation. However, there is no standardized method to evaluate the mechanical properties of the materials used in MEMS(microelectromechanical system) devices since the measured mechanical properties are influenced by many factors such as the surface condition of materials, intrinsic limit of the measurement device, etc. Hence, it was intended to evaluate the mechanical properties of thin film, which is important in its mechanical operation. Because MEMS devices are usually operated in the elastic range, Young's modulus and yield strength were evaluated by using a microcantilever beam technique. First, A1 cantilever beams were fabricated using the silicon bulk micromachining technology to have various film thicknesses. The load-displacement curves during beam bending by nanoindentation method were then obtained. The linear relationship of the curve in elastic range was utilized in deriving Young's modulus of the A1 film, which gave reproducible results regardless of film thickness. In the high load range, the deviation from the linear relation was detected, so that yield strength of A1 film could be evaluated. It was found that the yield strength increases with decreasing film thickness. By applying the misfit dislocation theory and the Hall-Petch relationship, the theoretical estimation could predict the trend of yield strength.

YOUNG’S MODULUS AND POISSON’S RATIO OF MERPAUH, KAPUR AND SESENDUK SPECIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohana Hassan ◽  
Syed Syazaril Amri Syed Mubarat ◽  
Anizahyati Alisibramulisi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Poisson’S Ratio ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Poisson Ratio ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Poisson's Ratio ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Strength Capacity

Young’s Modulus and Poisson’s ratio are the mechanical properties that need to be determined for the production of engineering design or information for the numerical analysis of timber. In this study, Merpauh, Kapur and Sesenduk species were selected. This experimental investigation focuses on the elastic properties of those timber species. The Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Poisson’s ratio were determined by means of tensile tests. In addition, Modulus of Rigidity (MOR), tensile strength capacity and its moisture contents were also determined. The deformation during testing was measured by means of mechanical extensometer. The MOE of the studied species range from 36.7 N/mm2 to 119.2 N/mm2, whereas Poisson’s ratio values show less variability. The result of the study also shows that the mechanical properties for the species are related. The larger the density value, the larger value of stress and strain will be. Thus, the value of Poisson ratio will also increase, respectively.

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