scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Properties of Cu-Cr-Mo System Electrical Contact Material by Sintering and Infiltration Methods

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
Yeong-Woo Cho ◽  
Jae-Jin Sim ◽  
Jong-Soo Byeon ◽  
Taek-Soo Kim ◽  
Kee-Ahn Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Green Compact ◽  
Contact Material ◽  
Mixed Powder ◽  
Contact Materials ◽  
Infiltration Method

Contact materials in high-voltage vacuum interrupters require properties such as high conductivity, density and hardness to minimize arc heat damage. In this study, Cu–Cr–Mo alloy contact materials were examined for their usage as high-voltage contact materials. Ball milling was performed after analyzing the raw materials of the Cu, Cr and Mo powders. A green compact was produced using high pressure with a mixed powder. Subsequently, the composite was produced by sintering via the temperature and infiltration method according to the Cu content in the green compact. The composite sintering method produced a density of 8.55 g/cm3 (relative density 93%), a hardness of 217 HV and an electrical conductivity of 40.7% IACS at 1200 °C. The composite of 10 wt.% Cu produced by the Cu infiltration method exhibited a density of 8.7 g/cm3 (relative density 94%), hardness of 274 HV and electrical conductivity of 39 IACS% at 1300 °C. The measurements of the physical properties of our newly established method demonstrated a new possibility of using the Cu–Cr–Mo alloy as a contact material for high-voltage vacuum interrupters.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on the Properties of Cu-Cr-Mo System Electrical Contact Material by Sintering and Infiltration Method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeong-Woo Cho ◽  
Jae-Jin Sim ◽  
Sung-Gue Heo ◽  
Jong-Soo Byeon ◽  
Kee-Ahn Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Green Compact ◽  
Contact Material ◽  
Mixed Powder ◽  
Contact Materials ◽  
Sintering Method ◽  
Infiltration Method

The contact materials in high-voltage vacuum interrupter require properties such as high conductivity, high density, and high hardness to minimize arc heat damage. In this study, copper–molybdenum-chromium alloys contact materials are examined for a high voltage contact material. Ball milling process was carried out after analyzing the raw materials of copper, chromium, and molybdenum powders. A green compact was produced using a high press with the mixed powder. Afterwards, composite was produced by sintering method according to temperature and infiltration method according to Cu content in green compact. The composite of sintering method showed a density of 8.55 g/cm3 (relative density 93%) a hardness of 217 HV, and an electrical conductivity of 40.7 IACS% at 1200 °C. The composite of 10 wt.% Cu produced by the Cu infiltration method showed a density of 8.7 g/cm3 (relative density 94%), Hardness of 274HV and electrical conductivity of 39 IACS% at 1300 °C. The measurements of physical properties showed the new possibility of using the Cu–Cr–Mo alloy as a contact material for high-voltage vacuum interrupters.

Evaluation of Electrical Contact Material Stability on Mercuric Iodide

1993 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Y. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Electrical Contacts ◽  
Contact Material ◽  
Mercuric Iodide ◽  
Energy Data ◽  
Contact Materials ◽  
Temperature Radiation

ABSTRACTMercuric iodide detectors are leading candidates for room-temperature radiation detection applications. The inherently reactive nature of mercuric iodide limits the number of materials suitable for fabrication of electrical contacts. The theoretical stabilities of elemental contact materials on mercuric iodide were evaluated at 25°C. Additionally, the stabilities of transparent conductive compounds, for photodetector applications, were studied. Calculations were based on Gibbs free energy data, estimates and a series of hypothesized reactions with mercuric iodide. Leading candidate materials were identified and compared to experimental results.

A Study on the Development of Environment-Friendly Ag-SnO2 Electric Contact Materials through a Powder Metallurgy

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 2761-2766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoon Cho ◽  
Duck Young Hwang ◽  
Hyung Ho Jo
Keyword(s):  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Image Analyzer ◽  
Contact Material ◽  
Electric Contact ◽  
Contact Materials ◽  
Grain Distribution ◽  
Sno2 Powder ◽  
Electric Contact Material

It is generally known that Ag-CdO electric contact material excels others in characteristics. Thus, the contact material has been widely used, regardless of current strength. However, in a view point of environment, the advanced electric contact material without environmental load element such as cadmium has to be developed. Extensive studies have been carried out on Ag-SnO2 electric contact material as a substitute of Ag-CdO contact materials. In the manufacturing process of Ag-SnO2 electric contact material, it can be mentioned that typical internal oxidation process is not suitable to produce Ag-SnO2 electric contact material because the Sn located around surface may interrupt oxidation of Sn in the middle of material. Therefore, in the present study, powder metallurgy including compaction and sintering is introduced to solve the incomplete oxidation problems in manufacturing process of Ag-SnO2 electrical contact material. The formation of the blends was manufactured by wet blending of powders of Ag and SnO2. The quantity of SnO2 powder was 15wt.%, with intent to optimize the powdering process for the minute powder of which diameter is less than 5μ m. Particle size and grain distribution of Ag powder and SnO2 powder by powder metallurgy were measured by image analyzer. In order to estimate the properties of specimen tested with a variation of mixed time, the micro-hardness measurement was carried out. The Ag-SnO2-based contact material, which was produced through this study, was actually set in an electric switchgear of which working voltage is 462V and current is between 25 and 40A, for the purpose of testing its performance. As the result, it excelled the existing Ag-CdO-based contact materials in terminal-temperature ascent and main contact resistance.

Effect of SnO2 Particle Size on Properties of Ag-SnO2 Electrical Contact Materials Prepared by the Reductive Precipitation Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Jie Lin ◽  
Xu Dong Sun ◽  
Shao Hong Liu ◽  
Jia Lin Chen ◽  
Ming Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Composite Powders ◽  
Contact Materials ◽  
Electrical Contact Materials ◽  
Ag Particle

Performances of Ag-SnO2 electrical contact materials can be strongly affected by the microstructure. In this work, Ag-SnO2 composite powders were synthesized by chemical reductive precipitation method. During the precipitation process, Ag particle was deposited onto the surface of SnO2 particle with the assistance of citric acid. The microstructure and properties were analyzed for the prepared Ag-SnO2 electrical contact materials. Our research reveals that the particle size of SnO2 has significant influence on the morphology of the Ag-SnO2 composite powders, and therefore on the microstructure and physical properties of the electrical contact materials. With the decrease of particle size of SnO2, hardness of the Ag-SnO2 electrical contact materials increases, while electrical conductivity decreases.

Preparation and Study on Nano-Ag/SnO2 Electrical Contact Material Doped Rare Earth Element

2014 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
pp. 270-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Cai Zhu ◽  
Jing Qin Wang ◽  
Hai Tao Wang ◽  
Li Qiang An
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Element ◽  
Earth Element ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Contact Material ◽  
Contact Materials ◽  
Electrical Contact Material

As a new type of electrical contact material, Ag/SnO2 has poor processing performance and large contact resistance, which limits its application so far. In order to improve the machinability and electrical performance of the Ag/SnO2 electrical contact materials, a new kind of nanoAg/SnO2 electrical contact material doped rare earth element Ce was prepared by sol-gel-chemical plating method. The purity of the powders was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the crystallite size of the nanoparticle was calculated according to the Scherrer equation. The distribution of Ce-doped SnO2 powers were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In parallel, rated making and breaking experiments on nanoAg/SnO2 were conducted. The results of XRD and SEM show that the nanoSnO2 powders are small, uniform and with no obvious phenomenon of reunion, and thus significantly improve the density, strength and machinability of the sample. Furthermore, the results of arc erosion show that the nanoAg/SnO2 electricity contact materials doped element Ce have superior fusion welding resistance properties.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Arcing Effects to Contact Materials in 270V dc

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. C. Zhu ◽  
Z. B. Li ◽  
J. Wei ◽  
Z. X. Liu ◽  
J. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Large Capacity ◽  
Contact Materials ◽  
Dc Voltage ◽  
Contact Erosion ◽  
Contact Life ◽  
Electromagnetic Relays

As supply DC voltage levels in automobiles, aviation and aerospace are becoming higher, high voltage and large capacity compact DC electromagnetic relays or contactors are becoming more important. In this paper, experiments were conducted at DC 270V/100 A in air and nitrogen, respectively, with CuCr40, CuCr45, CuCr50, CuW60, CuW70 and CuW90 as contact materials. Welding resistance (corresponding to electrical contact life), contact erosion and breaking arc durations were measured, and the obtained results were discussed.

scholarly journals Microstructure and properties of silver based cadmium free electrical contact materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Talijan ◽  
V. Cosovic ◽  
Jasna Stajic-Trosic ◽  
A. Grujic ◽  
Dragana Zivkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Small Addition ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Contact Materials ◽  
Microstructure And Properties ◽  
Simultaneous Study ◽  
Electrical Contact Materials ◽  
Microstructure Density

The presented work covers part of experimental results of simultaneous study of microstructure, density, hardness and electrical conductivity of sintered electrical contact materials based of Ag- SnO2 with 8, 10 and 12 mass% SnO2. The mentioned characteristics were analyzed in the function of different sintering regimes and after additional mechanical treatment (forging and rolling). The influence of small addition of In2O3 (2.9 mass%) on the increase of dispersion of main oxide SnO2 in Ag matrix is observed and presented also.

scholarly journals Fabrication of SiC@Cu/Cu Composites with the Addition of SiC@Cu Powder by Magnetron Sputtering

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zhang Yunlong ◽  
Li Wenbo ◽  
Hu Ming ◽  
Yi Hongyong ◽  
Zhou Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Copper Matrix ◽  
Contact Materials ◽  
Electrical Contact Materials

In view of the surface engineering application of electrical contact materials, SiC ceramic particles were introduced into copper matrix composites by the hot-press sintering method for the sake of enhancing the service life of copper matrix electrical contact materials. Magnetron sputtering technology was exploited to form the continuous copper film on the β-SiC powders in order to improve interface wettability between SiC powder and copper matrix. The SiC@Cu powders were treated by magnetron sputtering technology. Then, dynamic deposit behavior was described according to SEM results. The phase constitution, fracture morphology, relative density, porosity, Vickers hardness, and coefficient of thermal expansion of SiC@Cu/Cu composites with different SiC@Cu addition were analyzed in detail. The results showed that SiC@Cu powders with higher fraction in the SiC@Cu/Cu composites would decrease relative density and increase porosity, so it resulted in improvement of Vickers hardness. The addition of SiC@Cu decreased CTE values of the SiC@Cu/Cu composite, especially at high-level fraction SiC@Cu powder.

Study on Mechanical Properties and Physical Properties of Copper Based Electrical Contact Materials Reinforced by CNT

2010 ◽  
Vol 139-141 ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Zhong Quan Guo ◽  
Hao Ran Geng ◽  
Sha Sha Feng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Wear Property ◽  
Contact Materials ◽  
Electrical Contact Materials ◽  
Made In

A new method of carbon nanotube with electroless plating of nickel is proposed. It is shown that in a certain condition, the compacted and well-distributed coating of nickel is obtained without the process of sensitization and activation. Upon the surface treatment of the carbon nanotube, the CNT-consolidated composites for copper-based electrical contact have been made in the way of powder metallurgy. Some important mechanical properties and physical properties, including sliding wear property, electrical conductivity and fusion resistance, were investigated. The experiment results showed that Carbon nanotube inside the composite was uniformly distributed and a proper addition of CNT effectively improves the comprehensive property of the composites. When the carbon nanotube takes up 4vol. % in the material, it is highly effective in improving its sliding wear property and fusion resistance; though its electrical conductivity drops. Its overall properties meet the requirements of electrical contact materials

Effect of Rare Earth Ce Addition on Microstructure and Properties of WCu Contact Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 148-153
Author(s):  
Xian Hui Wang ◽  
Jun Tao Zou ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Shu Hua Liang
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Compression Stress ◽  
Maximum Hardness ◽  
Contact Materials ◽  
Microstructure And Properties ◽  
Maximum Compression Stress ◽  
Infiltration Method ◽  
Scanning Electron

In order to clarify the effect of rare earth Ce on the microstructure and properties of WCu contact materials, different contents of Ce were introduced into W skeleton, and the relative density and compression stress of the pre-sintered W skeletons were tested. Subsequently, WCu contact materials with different contents of Ce were prepared by infiltration method. The hardness, electrical conductivity and the compression stress of WCu contact materials were tested, and the microstructure and composition were characterized by a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer. The results show that rare earth Ce can purify W/W interface and promote the densification of W skeleton, enhance the bonding of Cu/W, and improve the integral properties of WCu contact materials. In the range of experiments, WCu contact materials with 0.30wt%Ce addition has the maximum hardness of 215HB and the maximum compression stress of 900N/mm2, which are respectively increased by 23.60% and 57.20% in comparison with that without Ce addition.

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