scholarly journals Influence of Oxidation Processing Temperature on the Structure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Titanium Using Carbon Sheets

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Tong Chen ◽  
Shinji Koyama ◽  
Shinichi Nishida ◽  
Lihua Yu
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Carbon Sheet ◽  
Worn Surface

Surface processing of pure titanium was performed using a carbon sheet to increase the surface hardness and improve tribological property. The effect of processing temperature (750–950 °C) for 2 h on the structure, mechanical and room-temperature tribological properties of the treated samples was investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and ball-on-disk tribometry, respectively. The Gibbs free energy was also calculated to evaluate the compounds generated at different processing temperatures. As a result of the examination, the hardened layer was mainly composed of titanium oxide and titanium carbide. With the increasing processing temperatures, the thickness of the hardened layer increased first and then decreased gradually. It was also revealed that the surface hardness was increased first and then decreased as the processing temperature increased. The fricative value of the treated samples showed a minimum value of 84.1 dB for a processing temperature of 850 °C. The depth and width of the wear tracks increased first and then decreased gradually with the increasing processing temperatures. The worn surface of the treated samples at higher temperatures showed a very good wear resistance. A processing temperature at 850 °C is considered optimal as it provides sufficiently high hardness and a low coefficient of friction to reduce fricative during practical use.

Influence of Nitriding Temperature on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Titanium

2021 ◽  
Vol 1034 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Tong Chen ◽  
Shinji Koyama
Keyword(s):  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Indentation Modulus ◽  
Wear Depth ◽  
Nitriding Temperature ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Comprehensive Properties ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Hardening Treatment

One of the commonly used methods for the surface hardening treatment of pure titanium was nitriding. Based on the study of nitriding temperatures on the properties of the pure titanium, some conclusions can be drawn in this paper. The surface hardness of samples after nitriding was gradually increased firstly and then decreased with the processing temperature increasing. And the hardness of the diffusion layer reached the maximum value of 1792 HV when the processing temperature at 1050°C. At the same temperature, the indentation modulus also reached the maximum value of 270 GPa. The wear depth reached the minimum value at 1050°C. At different nitriding temperatures, the minimum of wear depth was 14.8 μm. In summary, when the processing temperature at 1050°C, the nitriding of pure titanium can improve the comprehensive properties.

Influence of Oxidation Temperature on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Titanium

2021 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Tong Chen ◽  
Shinji Koyama
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Oxidation Temperature ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Indentation Modulus ◽  
Oxidation Condition ◽  
Maximum Value

Surface oxidation of pure titanium was performed in the atmosphere to increase the mechanical properties. The effect of oxidation temperature (650-900°C) for 2 h on the microstructure, composition, and mechanical properties of the treated samples was investigated using X-ray diffraction, hardness tester and indentation modulus tester, respectively. The diffusion rate of oxygen in grade-2 pure Ti with different processing temperatures discussed in present research. Based on a result of the examination, the surface hardness was increased first and then decreased as the processing temperature increased. And when the processing temperature at 850°C, the surface hardness reached the maximum value. In addition, the Young's modulus of the treated samples also showed a maximum value of 198.9 GPa for a processing temperature of 850°C. An oxidation condition of 850°C is considered optimal as it provides sufficiently high hardness during practical use.

A Study on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Hot Pressed Al2O3/ZrO2/h-BN/TiO2 Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 417-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Hwi Lee ◽  
Seung Ho Kim ◽  
Bhupendra Joshi ◽  
Soo Wohn Lee
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Ceramic Composite ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
High Melting Point ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Chemical Inertness ◽  
Corrosion Resistant Coatings

Oxide ceramics such as alumina and zirconia are industrially utilized as cutting tools, a variety of bearings, biomaterials, and thermal and corrosion-resistant coatings due to their high hardness, chemical inertness, high melting point, and ability to retain mechanical strength at elevated temperatures. In this research, the effect of other ceramic additives (TiO2) and h-BN within alumina(α-Al2O3) and yttria-stabilized tetragonal (Y-TZP) composite was studied with respect to the mechanical and tribological properties. The lowest coefficient of frction of 0.45 was observed for the ZTA ceramic composite with hBN-TiO2. The highest hardness, fracture toughness and flexural strength were obtained as 15.7GPa, 5.2MPam-1/2, 712MPa, respectively.

Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Cu-Fe Based Braking Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 280-283
Author(s):  
Xiao Yang Wang ◽  
Hong Qiang Ru
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Pressing Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Worn Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Sic Particle

SiC particle-reinforced Cu-Fe based braking materials were fabricated by the P/M hot pressing method. The phase composition, microstructure and the worn surface of the composite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).The tribological properties were evaluated using a disk-on-disk type laboratory scale dynamometer. Results indicate that the friction coefficient is 0.42 in 6800rpm, 0.7MPa. With the increase of rotation speeds the coefficient of friction and stable rate were decreased.

Investigating the structure, adhesion and tribological properties of Al and Zr-doped TiN coatings with various substrate bias voltage and working pressure

2020 ◽  
pp. 135065012094007
Author(s):  
Yaşar Sert ◽  
Tevfik Küçükömeroğlu ◽  
İhsan Efeoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Closed Field ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Substrate Bias Voltage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, TiAlZrN films were coated on the hardened 1.2344 (X 40 CrMoV 5 1) steels using DC power supplied closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering (CFUBMS) technique. Structural investigations of coatings were carried out using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The thickness of coatings was measured from the cross-sectional scanning electron microscope images, and the grain size value and residual stress were calculated by using X-ray diffraction data in the Scherrer formula. Nano indentation method was used to investigate the surface hardness for reducing the substrate effect due to very thin coating thickness (∼2–3 µm). Scratch test was performed for determining the adhesion strength of the coatings. As a tribo-test, a ball-on-disk system was used. From the results, it was understood why TiAlZrN coatings were attractive. The highest hardness was observed as 50.67 GPa, and the highest scratch resistance was reached to 56 N. Also, it was determined that the coating having the highest tribological properties (5.46 × 10−5 mm3/Nm) increased the wear resistance of the substrate six times (3.06 × 10−4 mm3/Nm).

scholarly journals Structure, Oxidation Resistance, Mechanical, and Tribological Properties of N- and C-Doped Ta-Zr-Si-B Hard Protective Coatings Obtained by Reactive D.C. Magnetron Sputtering of TaZrSiB Ceramic Cathode

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 946
Author(s):  
Ph. V. Kiryukhantsev-Korneev ◽  
A. D. Sytchenko ◽  
S. A. Vorotilo ◽  
V. V. Klechkovskaya ◽  
V. Yu. Lopatin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties

Coatings in the Ta-Zr-Si-B-C-N system were produced by magnetron sputtering of a TaSi2-Ta3B4-(Ta,Zr)B2 ceramic target in the Ar medium and Ar-N2 and Ar-C2H4 gas mixtures. The structure and composition of coatings were studied using scanning electron microscopy, glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, energy-dispersion spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Mechanical and tribological properties of coatings were determined using nanoindentation and pin-on-disk tests using 100Cr6 and Al2O3 balls. The oxidation resistance of coatings was evaluated by microscopy and X-ray diffraction after annealing in air at temperatures up to 1200 °C. The reactively-deposited coatings containing from 30% to 40% nitrogen or carbon have the highest hardness up to 29 GPa and elastic recovery up to 78%. Additionally, coatings with a high carbon content demonstrated a low coefficient of friction of 0.2 and no visible signs of wear when tested against 100Cr6 ball. All coatings except for the non-reactive ones can resist oxidation up to a temperature of 1200 °C thanks to the formation of a protective film based on Ta2O5 and SiO2 on their surface. Coatings deposited in Ar-N2 and Ar-C2H4 demonstrated superior resistance to thermal cycling in conditions 20-T−20 °C (where T = 200–1000 °C). The present article compares the structure and properties of reactive and “standard-inert atmosphere” deposited coatings to develop recommendations for optimizing the composition.

Thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties of short carbon fibers/PEEK composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 657-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Li ◽  
Ying Hu ◽  
Xiaochen Hou ◽  
Xiyu Hu ◽  
Dong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Lower Viscosity ◽  
Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Poly Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Worn Surface ◽  
Short Carbon

In this work, the effect of thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties of the blending system of different contents of short carbon fibers (SCFs) on different-viscosity poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) was reported. The composites were manufactured using injection molding technique. Mechanical and tribological properties were measured by the tensile strength, the flexural strength, the coefficient of friction, and the wear rate. The results showed that the wear resistance and mechanical properties of the PEEK with the lower viscosity appeared on a more outstanding level, and experimental results showed that PEEK composites with added 10 wt% SCFs were optimal about the tribological behaviors and mechanical properties of the composites. Furthermore, based on scanning electron microscope inspections, the situation of the friction and worn surface of the material was explained.

Effect of the Prepared Proceeding on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of DLC Films

2009 ◽  
Vol 60-61 ◽  
pp. 270-273
Author(s):  
Guang Gui Cheng ◽  
Jian Ning Ding ◽  
Biao Kan ◽  
Zhen Fan
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Peak Shift ◽  
Frictional Material ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Three Samples

In order to analyze the effect of proceeding on the mechanical and tribological properties of DLC films. Three DLC films samples on single silicon wafers were prepared by CVD method. The changed bias voltages were 300V, 350V, 450V separately. The structure and topography of prepared films were studied by Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. The hardness and elastic modulus together with friction coefficient of DLC films were measured by Tribolab system. According to the Raman spectra, the G and D peak shift to left with the increasing of bias voltage. Nano indent showed that the hardness (H) of the DLC films decreases from 19.63GPa to 18.12GPa with the increasing of bias voltages, and the value of elastic modulus (E) is also behaving the same trend as H from 157.95GPa to 146.95GPa. Friction coefficients of the three samples were measured by nano-scratch method under the constant normal load of 1000uN and the slide velocity of 3 um/sec, the corresponding friction coefficient is 0.0804 for DLC300, 0.0508for DLC350 and 0.0594 for DLC450 separately, which indicates that high hardness materials may not necessarily the perfect frictional material, but compound properties of hardness and elastic modulus

scholarly journals Microstructural characterization, mechanical and tribological properties of ZC71 hybrid composite reinforced with SiC and MWCNT

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-363
Author(s):  
Afshin Nafari ◽  
Hamidreza Ghandvar ◽  
Kh. a. Nekouee
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Worn Surface ◽  
Hardness Values ◽  
Sic Particle

In the present study, the influences of different SiC addition, MWCNTs and various SiC particle sizes on the structural, mechanical and tribological properties of ZC71 alloys were studied. The results revealed that the proper amount/size of SiC particles with the addition of MWCNTs had a considerable effect on the microstructural alteration, and mechanical and tribological properties of the ZC71 alloy. The Vickers hardness values of the ZC71 alloy improved with the addition of MWCNT and SiC. The UTS (216 MPa) and El.% (6.95 %) were achieved in the ZC71-5%SiC(15µm)-0.5%MWCNT. The cast ZC71 alloy showed brittle fracture with some quasi-cleavage characterizations. However, by adding 5% SiC(15 µm) and 0.5% MWCNT, the fracture mode changed to ductile fracture. The wear results showed that the ZC71-5%SiC-0.5%MWCNT hybrid composite had the highest wear resistance with the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate. Examination on the worn surface of the ZC71-5%SiC-0.5%MWCNT hybrid composite showed mild abrasion as the governing wear mechanism.%2

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Physicomechanical and Tribological Properties of Corn Straw Fibre Reinforced Environment-Friendly Friction Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zhen-yu Wang ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Yun-hai Ma
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Friction Tester ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Friction And Wear Properties ◽  
Worn Surface

Corn stalk fibre reinforced nonasbestos environment-friendly friction composite materials have been fabricated, and their physical, mechanical, and tribological properties are characterized. The tribological properties of the friction composites were evaluated following GB5763-2008 norms on a constant-speed-type friction tester. The experimental outcome reveals that the content of corn stalk fibre has a noteworthy impact on the tribological, mechanical, and physical properties of the friction composites. Specifically, the friction composite with a content of 7% exhibited excellent friction and wear properties. The worn surface morphology of friction composites was further investigated using a scanning electron microscope. It was found that the corn stalk fibre content greatly affected the tribological properties of the friction composites.

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