scholarly journals Cellular Metals: Fabrication, Properties and Applications

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1545
Author(s):  
Isabel Duarte ◽  
Thomas Fiedler ◽  
Lovre Krstulović-Opara ◽  
Matej Vesenjak
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Cellular Solids ◽  
Multifunctional Materials ◽  
Porous Metals ◽  
Cellular Metals

Cellular solids and porous metals have become some of the most promising lightweight multifunctional materials due to their superior combination of advanced properties mainly derived from their base material and cellular structure [...]

New Lightweight Construction Material: Cellular Mat Using Recycled Plastic

2013 ◽  
Vol 594-595 ◽  
pp. 503-510
Author(s):  
T.I.T. Noor Hasanah ◽  
D.C. Wijeyesekera ◽  
Ismail bin Bakar ◽  
Wahab Saidin
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lightweight Construction ◽  
Ground Condition ◽  
Application Specific ◽  
Design And Construction

Applications of lightweight construction materials enable the design and construction in challenging, difficult and demanding scenarios. Construction materials with enhanced stiffness as in sandwich panels, large portable structures and floating foundations are examples of such materials. The advent of cellular structure technology has actively introduced innovation and enabled design and construction, meeting engineering requirements such as in the construction of the body of air crafts. Cellular mat structures present in the minimum, triple benefits in being lightweight, load sharing and minimising non-uniform deformation. This paper further explores the use of recycled plastic waste as the base material for an innovative geomaterial. The combination of cellular structure, mat structure and use of recycled waste material is a desirable development in manufacturing. Paper also outlines the techno social benefit of adopting such material in construction. Other application-specific benefits related to cellular mats are those like noise reduction, energy absorption, thermal insulation, mechanical damping. This paper specifically presents the development of a new multifunctional lightweight material is been proposed as an invective innovation for highway construction on challenging ground condition.

Evaluation of Thermal and Mechanical Filler Gas Influence on Honeycomb Structures Behavior

2007 ◽  
Vol 553 ◽  
pp. 190-195
Author(s):  
Matej Vesenjak ◽  
Andreas Öchsner ◽  
Zoran Ren
Keyword(s):  
Large Deformation ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Honeycomb Structure ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Honeycomb Structures ◽  
Deformational Energy ◽  
Fully Coupled ◽  
Very High

In this paper the behavior of hexagonal honeycombs under dynamic in-plane loading is described. Additionally, the presence and influence of the filler gas inside the honeycomb cells is considered. Such structures are subjected to very large deformation during an impact, where the filler gas might strongly affect their behavior and the capability of deformational energy absorption, especially at very low relative densities. The purpose of this research was therefore to evaluate the influence of filler gas on the macroscopic cellular structure behavior under dynamic uniaxial loading conditions by means of computational simulations. The LS-DYNA code has been used for this purpose, where a fully coupled interaction between the honeycomb structure and the filler gas was simulated. Different relative densities, initial pore pressures and strain rates have been considered. The computational results clearly show the influence of the filler gas on the macroscopic behavior of analyzed honeycomb structures. Because of very large deformation of the cellular structure, the gas inside the cells is also enormously compressed which results in very high gas temperatures and contributes to increased crash energy absorption capability. The evaluated results are valuable for further research considering also the heat transfer in honeycomb structures and for investigations of variation of the base material mechanical properties due to increased gas temperatures under impact loading conditions.

Thermal Post-Impact Behavior of Closed-Cell Cellular Structures with Fillers – Part I

2007 ◽  
Vol 553 ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matej Vesenjak ◽  
Andreas Öchsner ◽  
Zoran Ren
Keyword(s):  
Impact Loading ◽  
Thermal Conduction ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Weakly Coupled ◽  
Closed Cell ◽  
Post Impact

The study describes the behavior of regular closed-cell cellular structure with gaseous fillers under impact conditions and consequent post-impact thermal conduction due to the compression of filler gas. Two dependent but different analyses types have been carried out for this purpose: (i) a strongly coupled fluid-structure interaction and (ii) a weakly coupled thermalstructural analysis. This paper describes the structural analyses of the closed-cell cellular structure under impact loading. The explicit code LS-DYNA was used to computationally determine the behavior of cellular structure under compressive dynamic loading, where one unit volume element of the cellular structure has been discretised with finite elements considering a simultaneous strongly coupled interaction with the gaseous pore filler. Closed-cell cellular structures with different relative densities and initial pore pressures have been considered. Computational simulations have shown that the gaseous filler influences the mechanical behavior of cellular structure regarding the loading type, relative density and type of the base material. It was determined that the filler’s temperature significantly increases due to the compressive impact loading, which might influence the macroscopic behavior of the cellular structure.

Behaviour of Cellular Structures under Impact Loading a Computational Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 566 ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Ren ◽  
Matej Vesenjak ◽  
Andreas Öchsner
Keyword(s):  
Relative Density ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Open Cell ◽  
Closed Cell ◽  
Regular Open

New multiphysical computational models for simulation of regular open and closed-cell cellular structures behaviour under compressive impact loading are presented. The behaviour of cellular structures with fluid fillers under uniaxial impact loading and large deformations has been analyzed with the explicit nonlinear finite element code LS-DYNA. The behaviour of closed-cell cellular structure has been evaluated with the use of the representative volume element, where the influence of residual gas inside the closed pores has been studied. Open-cell cellular structure was modelled as a whole to properly account for considered fluid flow through the cells, which significantly influences macroscopic behaviour of cellular structure. The fluid has been modelled by applying a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. Computational simulations showed that the base material has the highest influence on the behaviour of cellular structures under impact conditions. The increase of the relative density and strain rate results in increase of the cellular structure stiffness. Parametrical numerical simulations have also confirmed that filler influences the macroscopic behaviour of the cellular structures which depends on the loading type and the size of the cellular structure. In open-cell cellular structures with higher filler viscosity and higher relative density, increased impact energy absorption has been observed.

Thermal Post-Impact Behavior of Closed-Cell Cellular Structures with Fillers – Part II

2007 ◽  
Vol 553 ◽  
pp. 202-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matej Vesenjak ◽  
Zoran Žunič ◽  
Andreas Öchsner ◽  
Zoran Ren
Keyword(s):  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Weakly Coupled ◽  
Gas Compression ◽  
Closed Cell ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Post Impact

The paper describes the post-impact thermal conduction of regular closed-cell cellular structure with gaseous fillers due to the dynamic compression. Two different but subsequent computational analyses have been carried out for this purpose. To define the behavior of the cellular structure under compressive dynamic loading, a unit volume element of the cellular structure has been analyzed with the explicit finite element code LS-DYNA by considering a strongly coupled interaction of the cellular structure base material with the gaseous pore filler. The resulting deformed cellular structure has then been imported in the finite volume code ANSYS CFX 10.0 for further weakly coupled thermal-structural analyses of post-impact heat conduction through the base material and filler gas. The increased temperature and pressure of the filler gas after compressive impact loading from the initial analyses have been used as initial conditions for the thermal analyses, where only the heat conduction due to the gas compression has been taken into account. This paper considers only the closed-cell cellular structure with two different relative densities and air inside the pores. Computational simulations have shown a low overall temperature increase of the cellular structure due to filler gas compression. The temperature increase of the base material is expected to be higher at lower relative densities. The presented procedure illustrates a convenient approach to solving strongly coupled fluid-structure interaction problems by considering also a weakly coupled thermal-structural solution, which can be used for a wide range of engineering applications.

scholarly journals Effect of Porosity Gradient on Mechanical Properties of Cellular Nano-Composites

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 681
Author(s):  
Josef Jancar ◽  
Klara Zarybnicka ◽  
Jan Zidek ◽  
Frantisek Kucera
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Nano Composites ◽  
Cellular Solids ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Hierarchical Architectures ◽  
Lightweight Engineering

With their hierarchical architectures incorporating gradients in composition, porosity, and orientation, natural materials have evolved optimized balance of mechanical properties. Deciphered from the structure of bamboo, we prepared cellular solids with convex and/or concave porosity gradient and investigated their static mechanical and impact properties. Non-monotonous porosity dependences of tensile, crush, and impact strength were related to the shape of porosity gradient rather than to the properties of the wall material alone. Our results provide experimental evidence, that novel mechanically robust low density additively fabricated cellular nano-composites with convex porosity gradient satisfy the structural requirements of lightweight engineering parts. Moreover, novel functions, such as reduced flammability or electrical conductivity, can easily be introduced by selecting the type and spatial organization of nanoparticles and cellular structure of the cellular micro-particles (CMPs).

Microstructure and calorimetric behavior of laser welded open cell foams in CuZnAl shape memory alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 09 (06) ◽  
pp. 1642007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Alberto Biffi ◽  
Barbara Previtali ◽  
Ausonio Tuissi
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Damping Capacity ◽  
Open Cell ◽  
Open Cell Foams ◽  
Compositional Variations ◽  
Alloy Softening ◽  
Stiffness And Damping

Cellular shape memory alloys (SMAs) are very promising smart materials able to combine functional properties of the material with lightness, stiffness, and damping capacity of the cellular structure. Their processing with low modification of the material properties remains an open question. In this work, the laser weldability of CuZnAl SMA in the form of open cell foams was studied. The cellular structure was proved to be successfully welded in lap joint configuration by using a thin plate of the same alloy. Softening was seen in the welded bead in all the investigated ranges of process speed as well as a double stage heat affected zone was identified due to different microstructures; the martensitic transformation was shifted to higher temperatures and the corresponding peaks were sharper with respect to the base material due to the rapid solidification of the material. Anyways, no compositional variations were detected in the joints.

HREM interface studies in SiC-whisker-reinforced Al2O3 and Si3N4 ceramics

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 734-735
Author(s):  
W. Braue ◽  
R.W. Carpenter ◽  
D.J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Data ◽  
Base Material ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Sic Whiskers ◽  
Base Composite ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Si3n4 Ceramics

Whisker and fiber reinforcement has been established as an effective toughening concept for monolithic structural ceramics to overcome limited fracture toughness and brittleness. SiC whiskers in particular combine both high strength and elastic moduli with good thermal stability and are compatible with most oxide and nonoxide matrices. As the major toughening mechanisms - crack branching, deflection and bridging - in SiC whiskenreinforced Al2O3 and Si3N41 are critically dependent on interface properties, a detailed TEM investigation was conducted on whisker/matrix interfaces in these all-ceramic- composites.In this study we present HREM images obtained at 400 kV from β-SiC/α-Al2O3 and β-SiC/β-Si3N4 interfaces, as well as preliminary analytical data. The Al2O3- base composite was hotpressed at 1830 °C/60 MPa in vacuum and the Si3N4-base material at 1725 °C/30 MPa in argon atmosphere, respectively, adding a total of 6 vt.% (Y2O3 + Al2O3) to the latter to promote densification.

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