scholarly journals Geometric Optimization of Drills Used to Repair Holes in Magnesium Aeronautical Components

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1534
Author(s):  
Fernando Berzosa ◽  
Eva María Rubio ◽  
Beatriz de Agustina ◽  
J. Paulo Davim
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Optimization ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Topological Characterization ◽  
Global Vision ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Full Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Twist Drills ◽  
Full Factorial ◽  
Response Variables

Magnesium alloys are used in the aeronautical sector due to their excellent strength/weight ratios, motivated by the reduction of weight that their use entails. In this sector, drilling is one of the most common operations, if not the most, due to the large number of holes that are used in joining processes, mainly by riveting. The appearance of cracks is a risk to the structural safety of the components, such that it is necessary to regularly check them for maintenance and/or repair tasks. The present study tries to determine the optimization of the characteristics of the twist drills, which are re-sharpened successively to restore the cutting edge after use, as well as the operating parameters in machining. For this purpose, a full factorial experimental design was established, analyzing through the analysis of the variance (ANOVA) the response variables. Surface integrity was considered to carry out a global vision of the quality obtained, covering as response variables the surface roughness, the size of the burrs and the modification of the hardness produced, in addition to a topological characterization by optical means of machined surfaces. The main conclusion is that it is possible that the geometric optimization of the tools and the operating parameters considered in this study in drilling processes allow them to be performed, while maintaining quality and environmental requirements, and at the same time, maximize the productivity of operations.

Application of 32 Full Factorial Design and Desirability Function for Optimizing The Manufacturing Process for Directly Compressible Multi-Functional Co-Processed Excipient

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-539
Author(s):  
Jalpa Patel ◽  
Dhaval Mori
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Full Factorial Design ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
P Value ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Full Factorial ◽  
32 Full Factorial Design ◽  
Response Variables

Background: Developing a new excipient and obtaining its market approval is an expensive, time-consuming and complex process. Compared to that, the co-processing of already approved excipients has emerged as a more attractive option for bringing better characteristic excipients to the market. The application of the Design of Experiments (DoE) approach for developing co-processed excipient can make the entire process cost-effective and rapid. Objective: The aim of the present investigation was to demonstrate the applicability of the DoE approach, especially 32 full factorial design, to develop a multi-functional co-processed excipient for the direct compression of model drug - cefixime trihydrate using spray drying technique. Methods: The preliminary studies proved the significant effect of atomization pressure (X1) and polymer ratio (microcrystalline cellulose: mannitol - X2) on critical product characteristics, so they were selected as independent variables. The angle of repose, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio, tensile strength and Kuno’s constant were selected as response variables. Result: The statistical analysis proved a significant effect of both independent variables on all response variables with a significant p-value < 0.05. The desirability function available in Design Expert 11® software was used to prepare and select the optimized batch. The prepared co-processed excipient had better compressibility than individual excipients and their physical mixture and was able to accommodate more than 40 percent drug without compromising the flow property and compressibility. Conclusion: The present investigation successfully proved the applicability of 32 full factorial design as an effective tool for optimizing the spray drying process to prepare a multi-functional co-processed excipient.

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF PARTIAL REGULAR MICRORELIEFS FORMED ON ROTARY BODY FACE SURFACES

Aviation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-277
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Dzyura ◽  
Pavlo Maruschak ◽  
Stoyan Slavov ◽  
Diyan Dimitrov ◽  
Dimka Vasileva
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Models ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Natural Form ◽  
Face Surface ◽  
Contour Plots ◽  
Full Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Full Factorial

The basic regularities in the influence of processing parameters on the geometrical characteristics of the partially regular microreliefs, formed on the rotary body face surface, are established. Combinations of partially regular microreliefs are formed by using a contemporary CNC milling machine, and an advanced programing method, based on previously developed mathematical models. Full factorial experimental design is carried out, which consist of three factors, varied on three levels. Regression stochastic models in coded and natural form, which give the relations between the width of the grooves and the deforming force, feed rate and the pitch of the axial grooves, are derived as a result. Response surfaces and contour plots are built in order to facilitate the results analysis. Based on the dependencies of the derived regression stochastic models, it is found that the greatest impact on the width of the grooves has the magnitude of the deforming force,followed by the feed rate. Also, it is found that the axial pitch between adjacent toolpaths has the least impact on the width of the grooves. As a result of the full-factorial experiment, the average geometric parameters of the microrelief grooves were obtained on their basis. When used, these values will provide for the required value of the relative burnishing area of the surface with regular microreliefs, and, accordingly, the specified operational properties.

scholarly journals Optimization of moist and oven-dried bacterial cellulose production for functional properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana Maria Bodea ◽  
Florin Ioan Beteg ◽  
Carmen Rodica Pop ◽  
Adriana Paula David ◽  
Mircea Cristian Dudescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Full Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Inoculum Volume ◽  
Full Factorial

Abstract Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer with properties suitable for tissue engineering and possible applications in scaffold production. However, current procedures have limitations in obtaining BC pellicles with the desired structural, physical, and mechanical properties. Thus, this study analyzed the optimal culture conditions of BC membranes and 2 types of processing: draining and oven-drying. The aim was to obtain BC membranes with properties suitable for a wound dressing material. Two studies were carried out. In the preliminary study the medium (100 mL) was inoculated with varying volumes (1; 2; 3; 4; and 5 mL) and incubated statically for different periods (3; 6; 9; 12; and 18 days), using a full factorial experimental design. Thickness, uniformity, weight, and yield were evaluated. In the optimization study, a Box–Behnken design was used. Two independent variables were used: inoculum volume (X1: 1; 3; and 5 mL) and fermentation period (X2: 6; 12; and 18 d) to determine the target response variables: thickness, swelling ratio, drug release, fiber diameter, Tensile strength, and Young's Modulus for both dry and moist BC membranes. The mathematical modelling of the effect of the 2 independent variables was accomplished by response surface methodology (RSM). The obtained models were validated with new experimental values, and confirmed for all tested properties, except Young Modulus of oven-dried BC. Thus, the optimal properties in terms of a scaffold material of the moist BC were obtained with an inoculum volume of 5% (v/v) and 16 d of fermentation. While, for the oven-dried membranes a 4% (v/v) and 14 d of fermentation.

Defect evaluation of the honeycomb structures formed during the drilling process

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-466
Author(s):  
P Ghabezi ◽  
M Farahani ◽  
A Shahmirzaloo ◽  
H Ghorbani ◽  
NM Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Feed Rate ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Delamination Factor ◽  
Drilling Parameters ◽  
Principal Factors ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Full Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Tool Diameter ◽  
Full Factorial

In this paper, a comprehensive experimental investigation was carried out to precisely characterize the delamination and uncut fiber in the drilling process. A digital imaging procedure was developed in order to calculate the damage resulted from the drilling process. A novel method is proposed in this article based on image intensity to verify the obtained results. A full factorial experimental design was performed to evaluate the importance of the drilling parameters. Among other process parameters, feed rate, cutting speed, and tool diameter are the principal factors responsible for the delamination damage size during the drilling. The drilling process was assessed based on two proposed incurred damage factors, specifically the delamination factor and uncut fiber factor. Experimental results demonstrated that the feed rate was the paramount parameter for both delamination and uncut fiber factors. It was observed that both factors increased with an increase in the feed rate. Additionally, by increasing the tool diameter, the delamination and uncut fiber factors significantly increase. The effects of the cutting speed on damage factors were not linear. The minimum delamination factor and uncut fiber factor were obtained at the cutting speed of 1500 and 2500 r/min, respectively.

scholarly journals The Design and Implementation of Adsorptive Removal of Cu(II) from Leachate Using ANFIS

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurdan Gamze Turan ◽  
Okan Ozgonenel
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Full Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Full Factorial ◽  
Aqueous Leachate

Clinoptilolite was investigated for the removal of Cu(II) ions from industrial leachate. Adaptive neural fuzzy interface system (ANFIS) was used for modeling the batch experimental system and predicting the optimal input values, that is, initial pH, adsorbent dosage, and contact time. Experiments were studied under laboratory batch and fixed bed conditions. The outcomes of suggested ANFIS modeling were then compared to a full factorial experimental design (23), which was utilized to assess the effect of three factors on the adsorption of Cu(II) ions in aqueous leachate of industrial waste. It was observed that the optimized parameters are almost close to each other. The highest removal efficiency was found as about 93.65% at pH 6, adsorbent dosage 11.4 g/L, and contact time 33 min for batch conditions of 23experimental design and about 90.43% at pH 5, adsorbent dosage 15 g/L and contact time 35 min for batch conditions of ANFIS. The results show that clinoptilolite is an efficient sorbent and ANFIS, which is easy to implement and is able to model the batch experimental system.

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