scholarly journals Emulsification and Flow Characteristics in Copper Oxygen-Rich Side-Blown Bath Smelting Process

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1520
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Li ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Dongxing Wang ◽  
Tingan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Droplet Diameter ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Injection Angle ◽  
Bath Smelting ◽  
Rich Side

Oxygen-rich side-blown bath smelting (OSBS) is a kind of copper smelting technology with high efficiency, energy-saving, and environment-friendly characteristics. However, emulsification and flow pattern as significant hydrodynamic parameters have been rarely studied for the OSBS process. The formation, size distribution of slag-matte droplets, and flow patterns of the melt in the industry were physically simulated and investigated by the water–oil system in this paper. Moreover, a mathematical model was proposed to estimate the interfacial area between the liquid slag and the emulsion droplets. The results reveal that the typical droplet diameter is in the range of 2 mm to 4 mm. The increase in gas velocity leads to decreasing droplet size and increasing the interfacial area. However, the increase of the injection angle tends to generate large droplets, which is not conducive to strengthen the OSBS process. The correlations of average diameter with Weber number are analyzed in the emulsified region. Besides, the flow patterns in the OSBS process can be divided into the chaotic zone and the quiet zone. In the industrial OSBS process, suitable gas velocity and a small injection angle will refine the copper matte droplets and accelerate the smelting process.

Experimental study of bottom blown oxygen copper smelting process for water model

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxing Wang ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Zimu Zhang ◽  
Pin Shao ◽  
Ting'an Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Smelting Process

Multi-Step Thermodynamic Calculation for Copper Dross Bath Smelting Process

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boyi Xie ◽  
Hui Xiao ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Weifeng Liu ◽  
Duchao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Calculation ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Bath Smelting

Slag Investigations from Bronze Age Copper Smelting Sites

2017 ◽  
Vol 891 ◽  
pp. 608-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Haubner ◽  
Susanne Strobl
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Melting Properties

During the Bronze Age intensive mining and smelting activities for copper production took place in the Eastern Alps. To get information about the copper smelting process, the elemental compositions of slags are marked in equilibrium phase diagrams (e.g. FeO-CaO-SiO2) and so the melting properties can be estimated. Doing so you have to keep in mind that slags have complex compositions and phase diagrams are available for three compounds only. For the analytical measurements it has to be ensured that only molten parts of the slag are measured and not contamination of other ambient material. Spot and area measurements by SEM-EDX are useful to get realistic data. In this case a complete correlation between the image of the analyzed area, the microstructure and the chemical composition of the sample is necessary. For marking spots in the phase diagram the calculation method has to be described exactly. For our results we calculated the ratio FeO-SiO2-CaO(+MgO+Al2O3). From the morphology of the observed phases, their chemical composition and the data from the phase diagram a solidification sequence can be suggested. We recommend this method because measurements by e.g. XRF provide rather general composition values. If the slag samples are inhomogeneous, unrealistic melting points are read from the phase diagram. Inhomogeneities can be caused by soil contaminations, which are not part of the molten slag, or by corrosion, when some phases were attacked and changed during storage in soil.

Tailored 3D printed micro-crystallization chip for versatile and high-efficiency droplet evaporative crystallization

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 767-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingguang Han ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
Gaohong He ◽  
Meng Lin ◽  
Wu Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Drug Preparation ◽  
Evaporative Crystallization ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
3D Printed

Droplet evaporative crystallization on a micro-structured platform with limited interfacial area has potential applications in crystallization theory, bioengineering, and particle drug preparation.

Online monitoring and assessment of energy efficiency for copper smelting process

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2149-2159
Author(s):  
Zhuo Chen ◽  
Zhen-yu Zhu ◽  
Xiao-na Wang ◽  
Yan-po Song
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Online Monitoring ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Smelting Process

Oxygen-Rich Side Blow Bath Smelting Technology — New Developments in China

2016 ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Lin Chen ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Hui Xiao ◽  
Tianzu Yang ◽  
Weifeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Developments ◽  
Bath Smelting ◽  
Rich Side

Control and Optimization of Negative Pressure in Scrap Copper Smelting

2011 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 399-403
Author(s):  
Ying Dao Li ◽  
Wei Hong Zhong ◽  
Hong Wei Guan ◽  
Xiu Shui Ma
Keyword(s):  
Pid Control ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Optimization Control

Negative pressure is the main control variable in scrap copper smelting process, the control of negative pressure is not only closely related with producing safely, but also produces a direct impact on the quality of the anode plate, it is also a key breakthrough in energy saving. This paper first analyses the characteristics of negative pressure control in scrap copper smelting process, aims to larger overshoot and longer regulation under conventional PID control method, and then utilizes fuzzy control to correct the PID parameters online, to achieve the optimization control of negative pressure. Simulation result shows that the adjustment process of optimized control of negative pressure is steady and rapid, usually no or slightly overshoot, and the settling time is also reduced significantly.

scholarly journals Development and Application of SKSSIM Simulation Software for the Oxygen Bottom Blown Copper Smelting Process

Metals ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinmeng Wang ◽  
Xueyi Guo ◽  
Qinghua Tian ◽  
Tao Jiang ◽  
Mao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Software ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Smelting Process
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