scholarly journals Bioleaching of Phosphate Minerals Using Aspergillus niger: Recovery of Copper and Rare Earth Elements

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 978
Author(s):  
Laura Castro ◽  
Maria Luisa Blázquez ◽  
Felisa González ◽  
Jesús Angel Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Aluminum Phosphate ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Cerium Phosphate ◽  
Natural Minerals ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Rare earth elements (REE) are essential in high-technology and environmental applications, where their importance and demand have grown enormously over the past decades. Many lanthanide and actinide minerals in nature are phosphates. Minerals like monazite occur in small concentrations in common rocks that resist weathering. Turquoise is a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminum scarcely studied as copper ore. Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms are able to transform insoluble phosphate into a more soluble form which directly and/or indirectly contributes to their metabolism. In this study, bioleaching of heavy metals from phosphate minerals by using the fungus Aspergillus niger was investigated. Bioleaching experiments were examined in batch cultures with different mineral phosphates: aluminum phosphate (commercial), turquoise, and monazite (natural minerals). The experiments were performed at 1% pulp density and the phosphorous leaching yield was aluminum phosphate > turquoise > monazite. Bioleaching experiments with turquoise showed that A. niger was able to reach 8.81 mg/l of copper in the aqueous phase. Furthermore, the fungus dissolved the aluminum cerium phosphate hydroxide in monazite, reaching up to 1.37 mg/L of REE when the fungus was grown with the mineral as the sole phosphorous source. Furthermore, A. niger is involved in the formation of secondary minerals, such as copper and REE oxalates.

scholarly journals Rare Earth Elements Biorecovery from Mineral Ores and Industrial Wastes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Castro ◽  
M. Luisa Blázquez ◽  
Felisa González ◽  
Jesús A. Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Rare earth elements (REEs) are critical raw materials and are attracting interest because of their applications in novel technologies and green economy. Biohydrometallurgy has been used to extract other base metals; however, bioleaching studies of REE mineral extraction from mineral ores and wastes are yet in their infancy. Mineral ores have been treated with a variety of microorganisms. Phosphate-solubilizing microorganims are particularly relevant in the bioleaching of monazite because transform insoluble phosphate into more soluble form which directly and/or indirectly contributes to their metabolism. The increase of wastes containing REEs turns them into an important alternative source. The application of bioleaching techniques to the treatment of solid wastes might contribute to the conversion towards a more sustainable and environmental friendly economy minimizing the amount of tailings or residues that exert a harmful impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Use of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria to Leach Rare Earth Elements from Monazite-Bearing Ore

Minerals ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doyun Shin ◽  
Jiwoong Kim ◽  
Byung-su Kim ◽  
Jinki Jeong ◽  
Jae-chun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

SEIXOS DE FOSFATOS-SULFATOS DOS MINERAIS DO SUPERGRUPO ALUNITA NOS ALUVIÕES DIAMANTÍFEROS DE PAININN ÀS MARGENS DO TAPAJÓS EM ITAITUBA (PARÁ): GOYAZITA-FLORENCITA-GORCEIXITA-CRANDALLITA-ESVANBERGITA/WOODHOUSEITA

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2021) (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Marcondes Costa ◽  
◽  
Marcus Brito ◽  
Mário Chaves ◽  
Herbert Pöllmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Aluminum Phosphate ◽  
Light Rare Earth ◽  
The Right ◽  
Light Rare Earth Elements

The diamond alluvium gravels from the Painin garimpos, on the right bank of the Tapajós River, in Itaituba, Pará, stand out for the marked presence of pebbles from <1 cm to about 10 cm in diameter consisting of aluminum phosphate-sulfates (APS minerals) from the alunite supergroup: goyazite-florencite-gorceixite-crandallite-esvanbergite/woodhouseite. They are light gray pebbles, still containing small amounts of pyrite, kaolinite, goethite and anatase. The total chemical and trace element analyzes confirm the indicated mineralogical constitution alongside the XRD. The florencite member is mainly dominated by Ce, La, Nd and Sm, the light rare earth elements, and also contains anomalous concentrations of Nb, Y, Pb, U and Th. This chemical nature of these pebbles, in part, makes it possible to compare them with the diamond satellite beans (favas) in secondary deposits in Brazil, but chemically only with the phosphates from Malawi and Sayan.

Alteration mineralogy and pathfinder element inventory in the footprint of the McArthur River unconformity-related uranium deposit, Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 985-1019
Author(s):  
Nicholas Joyce ◽  
Daniel Layton-Matthews ◽  
Kurt Kyser ◽  
Matthew Leybourne ◽  
Kevin Ansdell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Aluminum Phosphate ◽  
Mineral Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Mapping ◽  
Fe Oxide ◽  
Element Concentrations ◽  
Heavy Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Host Rocks ◽  
Pathfinder Elements

ABSTRACT Pathfinder elements associated with the exploration footprint of the McArthur River unconformity-related U deposit include U, radiogenic Pb, V, Ni, Co, Cu, Mo, As, Zn, and rare earth elements. In this study, the mineralogical and paragenetic context for their occurrence was established by integrating in situ mineral chemistry and laser ablation mass spectrometry chemical mapping of interstitial assemblages, detrital grains, and cements with whole-rock analyses of drill core samples from the diagenetically altered background and the hydrothermally altered sandstone host rocks. Diagenetically altered background sandstones contain a matrix assemblage of illite and dickite, with trace to minor aluminum-phosphate-sulfate (APS) minerals, apatite, and Fe-Ti oxide minerals. Aluminum-phosphate-sulfate minerals account for the majority of the Sr and light rare earth element concentrations, whereas early diagenetic apatite, monazite, and apatite inclusions in detrital quartz and detrital zircon contribute significant U and heavy rare earth elements to samples analyzed with an aggressive leach (partial digestion) such as aqua regia. Hydrothermally altered sandstone host rocks also contain variable assemblages of Al-Mg chlorite (sudoite), alkali-deficient tourmaline, APS minerals, kaolinite, illite, Fe-oxide, and sulfide minerals. Late pre-mineralization chlorite accounts for a significant portion of the observed Ni concentrations, whereas Co, Cu, Mo, and Zn occur predominantly in cryptic sub-micron sulfide and sulfarsenide inclusions within clay mineral aggregates and in association with Fe-Ti oxides. Elevated concentrations of U were observed in cryptic micro-inclusions associated with sulfides in quartz overgrowths, with Fe-Ti oxide micro-inclusions in kaolinite, and in post-mineralization Fe-oxide veins. The distribution of pathfinder elements throughout the deposit footprint appears to be less related to the primary dispersion of alteration minerals from the hydrothermal system than to the secondary dispersion of elements post-mineralization. Their occurrence throughout pre-, syn-, and post-mineralization assemblages further demonstrates the limitations to defining geochemical footprints from pathfinder element concentrations expressed in lithogeochemical data sets without structural, lithological, and mineralogical context.

USEFUL ELEMENTS IN BRINE FLOWING INTO THE COPPER ORE MINES OF THE FORE-SUDETIC MONOCLINE

2017 ◽  
pp. 93-104
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Chudy ◽  
Magdalena Worsa-Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Northern Zone ◽  
Mine Sites ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
Zoning Effect

Technologies that are currently available and still being improved are based on ion-exchange resins or membrane filters and allow carrying out effective recovery of a wide range of significantly low-concentrated elements out of the water solution. They also make it possible to lower the discharge of unwanted substances into the environment during, e.g., dewatering of mine sites. It was the reason why KGHM Cuprum Ltd Research & Development Centre undertook research in order to determine the potential of waters inflowing into the excavations of the KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. mines as a source of useful elements, including the rare earth elements. The paper presents the preliminary results of studies on contents of selected useful elements in the waters inflowing into the excavations of the Sieroszowice and Rudna mining areas (northern zone). They indicate that, due to higher concentrations, the analyzed waters might be used as a potential source of lithium, boron, rubidium, cesium and some other elements. In the study area, a zoning effect in the distribution of useful elements has been noticed. Ten zones with elevated contents of mainly lithium and boron have been distinguished there, and they were selected for further studies focused, among others, on the determination of the occurrence of rare earth elements.

Extraction concentrating of the acid-soluble forms of rare earth elements from oils of the Volga-Ural oil and gas province using rotating coiled columns

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (12) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Savonina ◽  
O. N. Katasonova ◽  
T. A. Maryutina
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Rotating Coiled Columns ◽  
Wide Range

Trace elements in oils are the natural markers of the oil origin of and the mechanism of oil genesis. Direct determination of rare earth elements (REE) in crude oils is rather difficult due to their low concentrations (10–6 wt. %). Information about the forms of trace elements in oils is of particular interest. The goal of the study is determination of the content of acid-soluble forms of REE in oils from various fields of the Volga-Ural oil and gas province. Six samples of oils of heavy and medium density and viscosity were analyzed. Extraction of acid-soluble forms of REE was carried out using rotating coiled columns in 0.5 M aqueous solution of nitric acid. Toluene was used to dilute the oils up to the necessary values of the density and viscosity providing the possibility of extraction in the system aqueous acid solution – oil. The content of REE was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry on an Agilent 7900 spectrometer. Their content in an acid-soluble form in oil samples under study ranged within 172 – 2173 ng/kg. Such a wide range of values is attributed to the difference in the geology and age of deposit formation. The highest content of acid-soluble forms of REE (2173 ng/kg) was observed in the oil sample from the Novo-Elkhovsky field, whereas the lowest value (172 ng/kg) was measured in the oil sample of the Pioneer field. It is shown that the content of acid-soluble forms of REE depends on tectonic zoning, productive horizons and layers, as well as on the physical and chemical properties of oils. The distribution of acid-soluble forms of light and heavy REE was evaluated. Most of the REE (75 – 99%) determined in the analyzed oil samples are light REE. It is noted that systematization of the data on the properties of oils, geological and geochemical characteristics of the deposits will provide reliable forecasting of the various forms of REE present in oils.

scholarly journals Study of Acid Phosphatase in Solubilization of Inorganic Phosphates by Piriformospora indica

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seshagiri Swetha ◽  
Tallapragada Padmavathi
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Zinc Phosphate ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Aluminum Phosphate ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Piriformospora Indica ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Single Super Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Phosphorus is an essential plant macronutrient present in the soil. Only a small portion of phosphorus in soil is taken up by plants and the rest of it becomes unavailable to plants as it is immobilized. Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms play a vital role in converting the insoluble form of phosphates to the soluble form. The present paper reports the solubilization of tricalcium phosphate, rock phosphate, single super phosphate, zinc phosphate and aluminum phosphate by Piriformospora indica with the production of organic acids as well as acid phosphatase. The amount of phosphate released (4.73 mg ml-1) and titratable acidity (0.12%) was found to be the highest in the case of single super phosphate as compared to other phosphate sources. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed the presence of oxalic acid, lactic acid, citric acid and succinic acid in the media. Highest phosphatase activity was observed with the cell membrane extract of the organism in the presence of zinc phosphate.

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