scholarly journals Laser Welding of ASTM A553-1 (9% Nickel Steel) (PART I: Penetration Shape by Bead on Plate)

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaewoong Kim ◽  
Jisun Kim ◽  
Sungwook Kang ◽  
Kwangsan Chun
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
Steel Part ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Nickel Steel ◽  
Basic Study ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
Flux Cored Arc Welding ◽  
Lng Fuel ◽  
Welding Electrode ◽  
Main Factor

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is tightening regulations, in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ship operations. As a result, the number of vessels using Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) as fuel has increased rapidly. At this time, ASTM A553-1 (9% nickel steel) is being used as a tank material for storing LNG as fuel, because it has higher strength than other cryogenic materials. Currently, shipyards are manufacturing LNG fuel tanks by using the Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) method, using 9% nickel steel material. However, fabrication through FCAW welding has two drawbacks. The first is to use a welding electrode that is 20 times higher in cost than the base metal, and the second is that the total production cost increases because the thickness of the tank increases due to the strength drop near the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) after welding. Laser welding, which does not require additional welding rods and has no strength reduction in the HAZ, can overcome the drawbacks of FCAW welding and ensure price competitiveness. In this study, it is confirmed the characteristics of the penetration shape of Bead on Plate (BOP) after various laser welding conditions as a basic study to apply laser welding to A553-1 welding. For this, penetration characteristics of A553-1, according to laser welding speed and power, which is a main factor of laser welding, are confirmed.

scholarly journals Laser Welding of ASTM A553-1 (9% Nickel Steel) (PART II: Comparison of Mechanical Properties with FCAW)

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaewoong Kim ◽  
Jisun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Laser Welding ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Laser Beam Welding ◽  
Tensile Yield Strength ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Nickel Steel ◽  
The Impact

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is tightening regulations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ship operations. As a result, the number of vessels using liquefied natural gas (LNG) as fuel has increased rapidly. At this time, ASTM A553-1 (9% nickel steel) is being used as a tank material for storing LNG as fuel because of its higher strength than other cryogenic materials. Currently, shipyards are manufacturing LNG fuel tanks using the flux cored arc welding (FCAW) method using 9% nickel steel material. However, fabrication through FCAW has two drawbacks. The first is that the welding filler is 20 times higher cost than the base metal, and the second is that the total production cost increases because the thickness of the tank increases due to the strength drop near the heat affected zone (HAZ) after welding. The laser welding of A553-1, which does not require additional welding fillers and has no yield and tensile strength reduction in the HAZ, can overcome the drawbacks of FCAW and ensure price competitiveness. Through the study of Part I (penetration shape by bead on plate), the penetration characteristics of laser welding were studied and the optimized welding conditions of 15 mm thickness of A553-1 were obtained. With optimized conditions, butt laser welding tests of A553-1 material were conducted in this study, and mechanical properties, which are tensile/yield strength, hardness, bending strength, and impact property on the cryogenic temperature of the weld zone after laser beam welding, are confirmed by comparing those after FCAW. In the case of tensile/yield strength, hardness, and bending strength at weldment, the values of laser beam welding (LBW) are higher than those of FCAW, and the value of the impact test after FCAW is higher than that of LBW, but both values are satisfied in ASTM. Through these conclusions, it is confirmed that there are no mechanical property problems in replacing the existing FCAW with LBW.

scholarly journals Research for the Optimal Flux-Cored Arc Welding Process of 9% Nickel Steel Using Multi Object Optimization with Solidification Crack Susceptibility

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1659
Author(s):  
Minho Park ◽  
Jisun Kim ◽  
Changmin Pyo ◽  
Joonsik Son ◽  
Jaewoong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Region ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Sulfur Oxide ◽  
Nickel Steel ◽  
Quality Deterioration ◽  
Flux Cored Arc Welding ◽  
Lng Fuel ◽  
Crack Susceptibility ◽  
Solidification Crack

The environment of the global shipbuilding market is changing rapidly. Recently, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has tightened regulations on sulfur oxide content standards for marine fuels and tightened sulfur oxide emission standards for the entire coastal region of China to consider the environment globally and use LNG as a fuel. There is a tendency for the number of vessels to operate to increase significantly. To use cryogenic LNG fuel, various pieces of equipment, such as storage tanks or valves, are required, and equipment using steel, which has excellent impact toughness in cryogenic environments, is required. Four steel types are specified in the IGG Code, and 9% Ni steel is mostly used for LNG fuel equipment. However, to secure safety at cryogenic temperatures, a systematic study investigating the causes of quality deterioration occurring in the 9% Ni steel welding process is required and a discrimination function capable of quality evaluation is urgent. Therefore, this study proposes a plan where the uniform quality of 9% Nickel steel is secured by reviewing the tendency of the solidification crack susceptibility among the quality problems of cryogenic steel to establish the criteria for quality deterioration and to develop a system capable of quality discrimination and defect avoidance.

Peculiarities of laser welding of Chromium-Nickel steel and Titanium alloy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Senaeva ◽  
◽  
Nataliya Pugacheva ◽  
Aleksei Makarov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Laser Welding ◽  
Nickel Steel

UNIFLUX V90

Alloy Digest ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Nickel Steel ◽  
Steel Weld Metal ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Temperature Impact ◽  
Welding Electrode

Abstract UNIFLUX V90 is a continuous flux-cored welding electrode (wire) developed to weld high-strength low-alloy steels, but it may be used to weld other low-alloy steels and carbon steels. It is used to deposit typically 2.40% nickel steel weld metal with good low-temperature impact properties. Welding is protected by a shielding atmosphere of either 75% argon-25% carbon dioxide or 100% carbon dioxide. Uniflux V90 is used widely in shipbuilding and other fabricating industries. It provides around 88,000 psi tensile strength and around 26 food-pounds Charpy V-notch impact at 60 F. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-355. Producer or source: Unicore Inc., United Nuclear Corporation.

TRI-MARK TM-811N2

Alloy Digest ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Nickel Steel ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Subzero Temperatures ◽  
Steel Weld Metal ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Welding Electrode

Abstract TRI-MARK TM-811N2 is a flux-cored welding electrode for all position semiautomatic arc welding. It is designed to weld 2-3% nickel steels for applications requiring good toughness at subzero temperatures; in addition, it is used to weld various other high-strength low-alloy steels and various fine-grained steels with low-temperature toughness. Tri-Mark TM-811N2 is used to deposit typically 2.35% nickel steel weld metal with good low-temperature impact properties. It is used for shipbuilding, oil rigs and similar structures. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-389. Producer or source: Tri-Mark Inc..

scholarly journals A Study on Welding Deformation in Fiber Laser Welding of 9% Nickel Steel through Finite Element Analysis Part I: Implementation of Welding Heat Source Model

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2188
Author(s):  
Changmin Pyo ◽  
Jaewoong Kim ◽  
Du-Song Kim
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Laser Welding ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Welding Deformation ◽  
Nickel Steel ◽  
Fiber Laser Welding ◽  
Heat Source Model

Due to various environmental regulations, the demand for natural gas, i.e., a clean energy, is expected to increase continuously. In terms of efficient storage and transportation of natural gas, liquefied natural gas has an advantageous volume of 1/600 compared to natural gas, but the materials that can be used at a cryogenic temperature of −163 °C are limited. A 9% nickel steel is a material recommended by IMO through IGC. It has excellent mechanical properties compared to other cryogenic materials, but its use has been limited due to its disadvantages in arc welding. Therefore, the main topic of this study is the automatic welding of 9% nickel steel using fiber laser and its purpose is to predict the welding deformation during fiber laser welding. First, an investigation was conducted to find the fiber laser welding heat source. A model that can cover all the models in prior studies such as curve, exponential, conical, conical-conical combination, and conical-cylinder combination models was proposed and the heat source model was constructed in a multi-layer format. Heat transfer analysis was performed using the ratio of a heat source radius and heat energy of each layer as a variable and the pass or failure of a heat source was determined by comparing the analysis results to the experimental results. By changing the variables in conjunction with the optimization algorithm, the main parameters of a passed heat source model were verified in a short period of time. In addition, the tendency of parameters according to the welding speed was checked.

UNIFLUX 90

Alloy Digest ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Nickel Steel ◽  
Steel Weld Metal ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Temperature Impact ◽  
Welding Electrode

Abstract UNIFLUX 90 is a continuous flux-cored welding electrode (wire) for welding in carbon dioxide shielding gas in the flat groove and horizontal fillet positions. It was developed to weld high-strength low-alloy steels, but it can be used successfully to weld other low-alloy steels and carbon steels. It is used to deposit typically 2.40% nickel steel weld metal with good low-temperature impact properties. Uniflux 90 is used widely in shipbuilding and other fabricating industries. It provides around 85,000 psi tensile strength and around 25 foot-pounds Charpy V-notch impact at -60 F. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on low temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-362. Producer or source: Unicore Inc., United Nuclear Corporation.

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI INHIBITOR UBI UNGU TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI BAJA KARBON A53 DENGAN MEDIA AIR LAUT

ROTOR ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Ridho Unggul Nur Rahmadi ◽  
Imam Sholahuddin ◽  
Dwi Djumhariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
Natural Inhibitor ◽  
Purple Sweet Potato ◽  
Purple Yam ◽  
Varied Concentration ◽  
Made In ◽  
Main Factor

Corrosion is a form of damage that occurs in metals. The main factor is the cause of the corrosion environment. A53 steel is a type of low carbon steel and a steel material types that are widely used for pipe applications. The use of a corrosion inhibitor is one way of preventing corrosion. Anthocyanin substances contained in purple yam can be made in a natural inhibitor, because the substance is an antioxidant anthocyanin which is an oxidation inhibitor. Variables used were varied concentration of 0 ppm, 2000 ppm, 4000 ppm and 6000 ppm. This study aims to determine the rate of corrosion, purpel sweet potato extract efficiencies and changes in microstructure. The method used in this study is experimental, inhibitor efficiency analysis, ANOVA test and analysis micro photo. The results showed that the material is corroded by pitting corrosion and uniform shape. Values on concentration lowest corrosion rate of 0.0044 mmpy 6000 ppm and 6000 ppm at the highest efficiency of 72.70%. Keywords: anthocyanin, steel A53, natural inhibitor, purple sweet potato.

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