scholarly journals Improvement of the Corrosion Resistance of Biomedical Zr-Ti Alloys Using a Thermal Oxidation Treatment

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Javier Izquierdo ◽  
Daniel Mareci ◽  
Georgiana Bolat ◽  
Juan J. Santana ◽  
Raquel Rodríguez-Raposo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Surface Characteristic ◽  
Physiological Solution ◽  
Oxide Layers ◽  
Insulating Surfaces ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Heterogeneous Formation

Binary Zr-Ti alloys spontaneously develop a tenacious and compact oxide layer when their fresh surface is exposed either to air or to aqueous environments. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis of Zr-45Ti, Zr-25Ti, and Zr-5Ti exposed to simulated physiological solutions at 37 °C evidences the formation of a non-sealing bilayer oxide film that accounts for the corrosion resistance of the materials. Unfortunately, these oxide layers may undergo breakdown and stable pitting corrosion regimes at anodic potentials within the range of those experienced in the human body under stress and surgical conditions. Improved corrosion resistance has been achieved by prior treatment of these alloys using thermal oxidation in air. EIS was employed to measure the corrosion resistance of the Zr-Ti alloys in simulated physiological solutions of a wide pH range (namely 3 ≤ pH ≤ 8) at 37 °C, and the best results were obtained for the alloys pre-treated at 500 °C. The formation of the passivating oxide layers in simulated physiological solution was monitored in situ using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), finding a transition from an electrochemically active surface, characteristic of the bare metal, to the heterogeneous formation of oxide layers behaving as insulating surfaces towards electron transfer reactions.

Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Iron Coatings Containing Silicon Powders

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 1926-1931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Wei Dong Liu ◽  
Qiong Yu Zhou ◽  
Qing Dong Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion Resistance

Fe + Si coatings were prepared by iron deposition from a bath containing a suspension of silicon powders. These coatings were obtained at galvanostatic conditions, at the current density of jdep=−0.020 A cm−2 and at the temperature of 338 K. For determination of the influence of phase composition and surface morphology of these coatings on changes in the corrosion resistance, these coatings were modified in an argon atmosphere by thermal treatment at 873 K for 2h. A scanning electron microscope was used for surface morphology characterization of the coatings. The chemical composition of the coatings was determined by EDS and phase composition investigations were conducted by X-ray diffraction. It was found that the as-deposited coatings consist of a two-phase structure, i.e., iron and silicon. The phase composition for the Fe + Si coatings after thermal treatment is markedly different. The main peaks corresponding to Fe and Si coexist with the new phases: FeSi. Electrochemical corrosion resistance investigations were carried out in 3.5wt% NaCl, using potentiodynamic and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. On the basis of these investigations it was found that the Fe + Si coatings after thermal treatment are more corrosion resistant in 3.5wt% NaCl solution than the as-deposited coatings. The reasons for this are a reduction in the amount of free iron and silicon, the presence of new phases (in particular silicides), and a decrease of the active surface area of the coatings after thermal treatment.

scholarly journals Corrosion behaviour of the titanium beta alloy nanotubular surface in the presence of fluoride ions

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
J. Fojt ◽  
V. Hybasek ◽  
P. Jarolimova ◽  
E. Pruchova ◽  
L. Joska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Physiological Solution ◽  
Electrochemical Technique ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Beta Alloy

Abstract The titanium bioactivity could be increased by surface nanostructuring. Titanium alloys are using for dental implants manufacturing. It represents a specific problem because of using of the dental treatments with high concentration of fluoride ions and with acidic pH. The corrosion resistance of nanostructured surface of titanium beta alloy in environments with fluoride ions was examined by common electrochemical technique. The electrochemical impedance measurement showed high corrosion resistance in physiological solution. The fluoride ions have expected negative influence on corrosion behaviour of the layer. The nanotube bottom was preferentially attacked which resulted in layer undercoroding and its detachment.

scholarly journals Corrosion Resistance of Heat-Treated Ni-W Alloy Coatings

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1172
Author(s):  
Magdalena Popczyk ◽  
Julian Kubisztal ◽  
Andrzej Szymon Swinarew ◽  
Zbigniew Waśkiewicz ◽  
Arkadiusz Stanula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Kelvin Probe ◽  
Research On Evaluation ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Electrochemically Active

The paper presents research on evaluation of corrosion resistance of Ni-W alloy coatings subjected to heat treatment. The corrosion resistance was tested in 5% NaCl solution by the use of potentiodynamic polarization technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Characteristics of the Ni-W coatings after heat treatment were carried out using scanning electron microscopy, scanning Kelvin probe technique and X-ray diffraction. Suggested reasons for the improvement of properties of the heat treated Ni-W coating, obtained at the lowest current density value (125 mA∙cm−2), are the highest tungsten content (c.a. 25 at.%) as well as the smallest and the most homogeneous electrochemically active surface area.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Corrosion Resistance of Nanotubular Oxide Layers on the Ti13Zr13Nb Alloy in Physiological Saline Solution / Ocena Odporności Korozyjnej Nanotubularnych Struktur Tlenkowych Na Stopie Ti13Zr13Nb W Środowisku Płynów Ustrojowych”

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 2681-2686 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Smołka ◽  
G. Dercz ◽  
K. Rodak ◽  
B. Łosiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
The Self ◽  
Oxide Layers ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution

Evaluation of corrosion resistance of the self-organized nanotubular oxide layers on the Ti13Zr13Nb alloy, has been carried out in 0.9% NaCl solution at the temperature of 37ºC. Anodization process of the tested alloy was conducted in a solution of 1M (NH4)2SO4 with the addition of 1 wt.% NH4F. The self-organized nanotubular oxide layers were obtained at the voltage of 20 V for the anodization time of 120 min. Investigations of surface morphology by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM ) revealed that as a result of the anodization under proposed conditions, the single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) can be formed of diameters that range from 10 to 32 nm. Corrosion resistance studies of the obtained nanotubular oxide layers and pure Ti13Zr13Nb alloy were carried out using open circuit potential, anodic polarization curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. It was found that surface modification by electrochemical formation of the selforganized nanotubular oxide layers increases the corrosion resistance of the Ti13Zr13Nb alloy in comparison with pure alloy.

scholarly journals Effect of Autoclaving Time on Corrosion Resistance of Sandblasted Ti G4 in Artificial Saliva

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bożena Łosiewicz ◽  
Patrycja Osak ◽  
Joanna Maszybrocka ◽  
Julian Kubisztal ◽  
Sebastian Stach
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Chemical Stability ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Electron Work Function ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Oxide Layers ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
The Impact

Titanium Grade 4 (Ti G4) is the most commonly used material for dental implants due to its excellent mechanical properties, chemical stability and biocompatibility. A thin, self-passive oxide layer with protective properties to corrosion is formed on its surface. However, the spontaneous TiO2 layer is chemically unstable. In this work, the impact of autoclaving time on corrosion resistance of Ti G4 in artificial saliva solution with pH = 7.4 at 37 °C was studied. Ti G4 was sandblasted with white Al2O3 particles and autoclaved for 30–120 min. SEM, EDS, 2D roughness profiles, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and a Kelvin scanning probe were used for the surface characterization of the Ti G4 under study. In vitro corrosion resistance tests were conducted using open circuit potential, polarization curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. It was found that Sa parameter, electron work function, and thickness of the oxide layers, determined based on impedance measurements, increased after autoclaving. The capacitive behavior and high corrosion resistance of tested materials were revealed. The improvement in the corrosion resistance after autoclaving was due to the presence of oxide layers with high chemical stability. The optimal Ti G4 surface for dentistry can be obtained by sandblasting with Al2O3 with an average grain size of 53 µm, followed by autoclaving for 90 min.

Corrosion Behavior of Porous Ti-24Nb-4Zr Alloy in Different Simulated Body Fluids

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 1577-1581
Author(s):  
Yu Xuan Li ◽  
Zhen Duo Cui ◽  
Xian Jin Yang ◽  
Sheng Li Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Open Circuit Potential ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Porous Ti ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Conventional Sintering

Porous Ti alloys are novel biomedical candidates for surgical implant application. The corrosion resistance of porous Ti-24Nb-4Zr alloy with 41.54% porosity prepared from conventional sintering was investigated by means of open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques in 0.9% NaCl physiological and Hank’s solutions with different pH values (2.4, 5.4, 7.4) at 310 K, respectively. Meaning solid Ti-24Nb-4Zr alloy was chosen as a reference. Porous Ti-24Nb-4Zr alloy shows wide passive regions based on anodic polarization curves. These observations suggest that porous Ti-24Nb-4Zr alloy owns excellent corrosion resistance. Therefore, they are potential for biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Improvement of Corrosion Resistance of TiO2 Layers in Strong Acidic Solutions by Anodizing and Thermal Oxidation Treatment

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1188
Author(s):  
Badar Minhas ◽  
Sahib Dino ◽  
Yu Zuo ◽  
Hongchang Qian ◽  
Xuhui Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Oxidation Time ◽  
Passive Current Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Passive Current

By anodization and thermal oxidation at 600 °C, an oxide layer on Ti with excellent corrosion resistance in strong acid solutions was prepared. The structural properties of TiO2 films before and after thermal oxidation were investigated with methods of Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XRD) and X-ray diffraction (XPS). The electrochemical characterization was recorded via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization and Mott–Schottky methods. XRD results show that a duplex rutile/anatase structure formed after oxidation, and the amount of anatase phase increased as the treatment time was prolonged from 3 to 9 h. XPS analysis indicates that as the thermal oxidation time increased, more Ti vacancies were present in the titanium oxide films, with decreased donor concentration. Longer thermal oxidation promoted the formation of hydroxides of titanium on the surface, which is helpful to improve the passive ability of the film. The anodized and thermally oxidized Ti samples showed relatively high corrosion resistance in 4 M HCl and 4 M H2SO4 solutions at 100 ± 5 °C. The passive current density values of the thermally oxidized samples were five orders of magnitude under the testing condition compared with that of the anodized sample. With the oxidation time prolonged, the passive current density decreased further to some extent.

Pitting Corrosion of Biomedical Titanium and Titanium Alloys: A Brief Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Wei Cui ◽  
Liang-Yu Chen ◽  
Xin-Xin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Potential Temperature ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Pitting Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Superior Mechanical Properties ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Main Factors

Abstract:: Thanks to their excellent corrosion resistance, superior mechanical properties and good biocompatibility, titanium (Ti) and Ti alloys are extensively applied in biomedical fields. Pitting corrosion is a critical consideration for the reliability of Ti and Ti alloys used in the human body. Therefore, this article focuses on the pitting corrosion of Ti and Ti alloys, which introduces the growth stages of pitting corrosion and its main influencing factors. Three stages, i.e. (1) breakdown of passive film, (1) metastable pitting, and (3) propagation of pitting, are roughly divided to introduce the pitting corrosion. As reviewed, corrosive environment, applied potential, temperature and alloy compositions are the main factors affecting the pitting corrosion of Ti and Ti alloys. Moreover, the pitting corrosion of different types Ti alloys are also reviewed to correlate the types of Ti alloys and the main factors of pitting corrosion. Roughly speaking, β-type Ti alloys have the best pitting corrosion resistance among the three types of Ti alloys.

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