scholarly journals Effects of a Fish Oil Rich in Docosahexaenoic Acid on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Oxidative Stress in Healthy Rats

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 555
Author(s):  
Bernat Miralles-Pérez ◽  
Lucía Méndez ◽  
Maria Rosa Nogués ◽  
Vanessa Sánchez-Martos ◽  
Àngels Fortuño-Mar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with a lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is easily oxidized, leading to cellular damage. The present study examined the effects of an increased concentration of DHA in fish oil (80% of total fatty acids) on cardiometabolic risk factors and oxidative stress compared to coconut oil, soybean oil, and fish oil containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA in a balanced ratio. Forty healthy male Sprague–Dawley rats were supplemented with corresponding oil for 10 weeks. Supplementation with the fish oil containing 80% DHA decreased plasma fat, plasma total cholesterol and muscle fat compared to the coconut oil and the soybean oil. Increasing concentrations of DHA induced incorporation of DHA and EPA in cell membranes and tissues along with a decrease in ω-6 arachidonic acid. The increase in DHA promoted lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation and antioxidant response. Taken together, the increased concentration of DHA in fish oil reduced fat accumulation compared to the coconut oil and the soybean oil. This benefit was accompanied by high lipid peroxidation and subsequent protein carbonylation in plasma and in liver. In our healthy framework, the slightly higher carbonylation found after receiving fish oil containing 80% DHA might be a protecting mechanism, which fit with the general improvement of antioxidant defense observed in those rats.

scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: epidemiology and effects on cardiometabolic risk factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 2004-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor A. Mori
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Disease Epidemiology

Clinical and epidemiological studies provide support that the polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid from fish and fish oils are cardioprotective, particularly in the setting of secondary prevention.

scholarly journals APO B/APO A1 RATIO AND ITS CORRELATION WITH CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK FACTORS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN SUBJECTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Deepthy C Sahadevan* ◽  
Archna Sing ◽  
Busi Karunanand ◽  
Himani Thakkar ◽  
Ajay Kumar Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Apo B ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Objective: This study was designed to assess the apolipoprotein B (Apo-B), apolipoprotein A (Apo A) and Apo B/Apo A-I ratio in subjects with and withoutmetabolic syndrome andtoevaluate the correlationofApoB/ApoA-Iratiowithoxidative stressmarker andcardiovasculardisease risk. Methods:Atotal of 308 subjects including one hundred and fty- ve cases and one hundred and fty- three controls were recruited for this study. All the subjects were classied according to the NCEPATP III (National cholesterol education program – Adult treatment panel III) criteria for MetS. Anthropometric and clinical characteristics were recorded using clinical Proforma. Blood samples were collected for doing plasma glucose, Lipid prole analysis [Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL)], ApoA1, Apo B and oxidative stress marker - Malondialdehyde (MDA). Serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and Apo B/Apo A-I ratio were calculated. Comparison of data between the two groups was done by t test. Correlation coefcient of Apo B/ Apo A1 ratio with cadiometabolic risk factors were calculated. Result: We found that cardiometabolic risk factors like abdominal obesity, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, TG, atherogenic lipoproteins LDL, Apo B, Apo B/Apo A-I ratio and MDA were signicantly high in subjects with MetS whereas anti-atherogenic factor Apo A1 was signicantly low. We also observed that Apo B/AI ratio was positively related to cardiometabolic risk factors and with oxidative stress marker. Conclusion:Apo B/AI ratio was related to metabolic syndrome and was found to be a reliable indicator of cardiovascular risk in MetS.

scholarly journals Narrative Review of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation upon Immune Functions, Resolution Molecules and Lipid Peroxidation

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 662
Author(s):  
Gary P. Zaloga
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

Fish oil supplementation is commonplace in human nutrition and is being used in both enteral and parenteral formulations during the treatment of patients with a large variety of diseases and immune status. The biological effects of fish oil are believed to result from their content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). These fatty acids are known to have numerous effects upon immune functions and are described as immunomodulatory. However, immunomodulatory is a nondescript term that encompasses immunostimulation and immunosuppression. The primary goal of this review is to better describe the immune effects of n-3 PUFA as they relate to immunostimulatory vs. immunosuppressive effects. One mechanism proposed for the immune effects of n-3 PUFA relates to the production of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). A second goal of this review is to evaluate the effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation upon production of SPMs. Although n-3 PUFA are stated to possess anti-oxidative properties, these molecules are highly oxidizable due to multiple double bonds and may increase oxidative stress. Thus, the third goal of this review is to evaluate the effects of n-3 PUFA upon lipid oxidation. We conclude, based upon current scientific evidence, that n-3 PUFA suppress inflammatory responses and most cellular immune responses such as chemotaxis, transmigration, antigen presentation, and lymphocyte functions and should be considered immunosuppressive. n-3 PUFA induced production of resolution molecules is inconsistent with many resolution molecules failing to respond to n-3 PUFA supplementation. n-3 PUFA supplementation is associated with increased lipid peroxidation in most studies. Vitamin E co-administration is unreliable for prevention of the lipid peroxidation. These effects should be considered when administering n-3 PUFA to patients that may be immunosuppressed or under high oxidative stress due to illness or other treatments.

scholarly journals Effects of fish oil- and olive oil-rich diets on iron metabolism and oxidative stress in the rat

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Miret ◽  
M. P. Sáiz ◽  
M. T. Mitjavila
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Reticulocyte Count ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Maize Oil

The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of fish oil (FO)- and olive oil (OO)-rich diets on Fe metabolism and oxidative stress. Rats were fed for 16 weeks with diets containing 50 g lipid/g; either OO, maize oil (MO) or FO. OO or MO diets contained a standard amount (100 m/g) of all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate. FO diets were supplemented with 0, 100 or 200 mg all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetat/g (FO-0, FO-1 or FO-2 diets, respectively). At the end of the feeding period, we measured non-haem Fe stores in liver and spleen, and erythrocyte and reticulocyte count. We also determined antioxidants and products derived from lipid peroxidation in plasma and erythrocytes. Our results showed reduced non-haem Fe stores in rats fed any of the FO diets. Reticulocyte percentage was higher in the rats fed FO-0 and FO-1. Plasma α-tocopherol was very low in rats fed the FO-0 diet. Rats fed the FO-1 and FO-2 diets showed higher α-tocopherol in plasma than the FO-0 group but lower than the MO or OO groups. We did not observe such differences in the α-tocopherol content in erythrocyte membranes. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were lower in the erythrocytes of rats fed the FO-0 diet. The products derived from lipid peroxidation were also higher in the FO groups. The administration of FO-rich diets increased lipid peroxidation and affected Fe metabolism. On the other hand, the OO-rich diet did not increase oxidative stress and did not alter Fe metabolism. Based on these results, we conclude that FO supplementation should be advised carefully.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Profile and Oxidative Stress of Thigh Muscles in Chickens Fed The Ration Enriched in Lycopene, Selenium Compounds or Fish Oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Justyna Rozbicka-Wieczorek ◽  
Edyta Więsyk ◽  
Franciszek Brzóska ◽  
Bogdan Śliwiński ◽  
Jan Kowalczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Selenium Compounds ◽  
Chain Pufa ◽  
Thigh Muscles ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Selenized Yeast

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the influence of the addition for 6 weeks of 12 ppm lycopene (Lyc), 2% fish oil (FO) or 0.25 ppm Se as selenate (Sevi) or selenized yeast (SeY) to an isoenergetic and isonitrogenous ration containing sunflower oil as the source of energy on the profile of fatty acids (FA) and the oxidative stress in thigh muscles of female and male chickens. The ration with FO most efficiently increased the concentration of saturated fatty acids (SFA), atherogenic SFA and thrombogenic SFA as well as the concentration sum of all assayed FA in muscles of chickens. the rations with lyc, sevi or SeY revealed negligible and inconsistent impact on the concentration of individual SFA in muscles compared with the control. The ration with FO most efficiently increased the concentration of polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), especially n-3 long-chain PUFA and the sum of conjugated linoleic acid isomers in muscles. The ration with SeY most effectively increased the concentration of long-chain PUFA (LPUFA), especially n-6 LPUFA, in muscles of chickens. the Fo, lyc or sevi-fed chickens had a lower concentration of cholesterol in muscles than the control or SeY fed birds. Lyc added to the ration most efficiently stimulated the accumulation of α-tocopherol in muscles of chickens. The ration with Sevi most effectively stimulated the formation of malondialdehyde in muscles.

Effect of increased levels of dietary alpha-linolenic acid on the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid bioavailability and oxidative stress in rat

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-43
Author(s):  
Leslie Couëdelo ◽  
Benjamin Buaud ◽  
Hélène Abrous ◽  
Ikram Chamekh-Coelho ◽  
Didier Majou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract We investigated the impact of increased alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) dietary levels on its plasma bioavailability and its bioconversion in n-3 long chain poly unsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) during a 60-day kinetics and the oxidative stress potentially associated. Rats were submitted to a normolipidic diet providing 0, 3, 10 and 24% ALA of dietary lipids during a kinetics of 0, 15, 30 and 60 days. The lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress (nitric oxide (NO) contents and catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), gluthation peroxidase (GPx) activities) were studied in the liver and plasma. Data demonstrated that when the diet was deprived in n-3 PUFAs, ALA, (eicosanoic acid) EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels decreased in all lipid fractions of plasma and in red blood cell (RBC) lipids. However when ALA was added in the diet, its bioavailability and its bioconversion in EPA was linearly correlated with the ALA intake (R2=0.98). When the diet provided 10 to 24% ALA in dietary lipids (LA/ALA, 1.6 and 5.5 respectively), ALA and EPA were more broadly packaged in all lipid fractions (triglyceride (TG), cholesterol ester (CE) and free fatty acids (FFA)) of plasma from 15 to 30 days timeframe. However only 3% ALA in the lipid diet was sufficient to promote the maximal bioconversion of ALA in DHA in phospholipid (PL) and TG fractions. Additionally, the improvement of ALA bioconversion in EPA and DHA did not impact the oxidative stress markers wich can limit lipid peroxidation. To conclude, this study demonstrated that 10% ALA in the diet for 15-30 days is the gold diet to promote its bioavailability and its bioconversion in n-3 PUFAs in rat and allowed the greatest levels in plasma and RBCs.

Fish oil induced hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress in BioF1B hamsters is attenuated by elderberry extract

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratibha Dubey ◽  
Anura P. Jayasooriya ◽  
Sukhinder K. Cheema
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Hepatic Lipids ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Cardioprotective Effects ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

We have previously reported fish oil induced hyperlipidemia in BioF1B hamsters compared with Golden Syrian (GS) hamsters. Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) extract is abundant in anthocyanins and is believed to exert cardioprotective effects primarily by virtue of its hypolipidemic and antioxidant potential. In the current study, high-fat fish oil feeding increased oxidative stress in BioF1B hamsters compared with GS hamsters; this increase was associated with increased levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma and liver. We then investigated whether cosupplementation with anthocyanin-rich elderberry extract would reverse fish oil induced hyperlipidemia and reduce lipid peroxidation in BioF1B hamsters. Plasma and hepatic lipids decreased significantly when hamsters were fed diets containing elderberry extract along with fish oil. Both plasma and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances showed significant reductions upon cosupplementation with elderberry extract in fish oil fed BioF1B hamsters. Our findings demonstrate that cosupplementation with elderberry extract reverses hyperlipidemia and lipid peroxidation observed with dietary fish oil alone in BioF1B hamsters.

scholarly journals Dietary lycopenes, selenium compounds and fish oil affect the profile of fatty acids and oxidative stress in chicken breast muscle

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rozbicka-Wieczorek ◽  
E. Szarpak ◽  
F. Brzóska ◽  
B. Śliwiński ◽  
J. Kowalczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Selenium Compounds ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Relationship of Urinary Phthalate Metabolites with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Oxidative Stress Markers in Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Majid Hashemi ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Amin ◽  
Afsane Chavoshani ◽  
Nasim Rafiei ◽  
Karim Ebrahimpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Phthalate Metabolites ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Introduction. Studies have proved that exposure of adults to phthalates might be related to cardiometabolic risk factors and changes in markers of oxidative stress. Such studies conducted on school-age children and adolescents are limited and fail to assess the simultaneous effect of phthalates on these risk factors and oxidative stress markers. Therefore, it was attempted to identify the relationship of urinary phthalate metabolites with cardiometabolic risk factors and oxidative stress markers in children and adolescents. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 108 children and adolescents, living in Isfahan industrial city of Iran, were examined. Urine samples taken from the participants were analyzed for mono-butyl phthalate (MBP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-exohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), and mono-methyl phthalate (MMP). Results. Results showed that, among phthalate metabolites, MBP had the highest concentration, followed by MBzP, MEOHP, MEHHP, MEHP, and MMP. Concentrations of these metabolites had a significant relationship with some of the cardiometabolic risk factors including systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and triglycerides (TG) ( p  < 0.05). Furthermore, the crude and adjusted linear regression models indicated the significant association of phthalate metabolites with superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) ( p  < 0.05). Conclusion. Although urinary phthalate concentrations could not exactly reflect the long-term exposure level in the studied age groups, the consumption of phthalate-free products during childhood and adolescent development shall be assumed helpful in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. To confirm these findings and develop effective intervention strategies, it would be necessary to perform longitudinal studies on diverse population.

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