scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Sources on Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis and Gene Expression in Thraustochytriidae sp.

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Siting Li ◽  
Zhangli Hu ◽  
Xuewei Yang ◽  
Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Fatty Acid Elongase ◽  
Coa Ligase

The molecular mechanism that contributes to nitrogen source dependent omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) synthesis in marine oleaginous protists Thraustochytriidae sp., was explored in this study. The fatty acid (FA) synthesis was significantly influenced by the supplement of various levels of sodium nitrate (SN) (1–50 mM) or urea (1–50 mM). Compared with SN (50 mM) cultivation, cells from urea (50 mM) cultivation accumulated 1.16-fold more n-3 PUFAs (49.49% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (w/w, of total FAs) and 5.28% docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) (w/w, of total FAs)). Strikingly higher quantities of short chain FAs (<18 carbons) (52.22-fold of that in urea cultivation) were produced from SN cultivation. Ten candidate reference genes (RGs) were screened by using four statistical methods (geNorm, NormFinder, Bestkeeper and RefFinder). MFT (Mitochondrial folate transporter) and NUC (Nucleolin) were determined as the stable RGs to normalize the RT-qPCR (real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction) data of essential genes related to n-3 PUFAs-synthesis. Our results elucidated that the gene transcripts of delta(3,5)-delta(2,4)-dienoyl-CoA isomerase, enoyl-CoA hydratase, fatty acid elongase 3, long-chain fatty acid acyl-CoA ligase, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase were up-regulated under urea cultivation, contributing to the extension and unsaturated bond formation. These findings indicated that regulation of the specific genes through nitrogen source could greatly stimulate n-3 PUFA production in Thraustochytriidae sp.

scholarly journals Genome Sequencing and Analysis of Thraustochytriidae sp. SZU445 Provides Novel Insights into the Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Pathway

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyu Zhu ◽  
Shuangfei Li ◽  
Liangxu Liu ◽  
Siting Li ◽  
Yanqing Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Gene Ontology Database ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Fas Pathway ◽  
Acid Pathway

Thraustochytriidae sp. have broadly gained attention as a prospective resource for the production of omega-3 fatty acids production in significant quantities. In this study, the whole genome of Thraustochytriidae sp. SZU445, which produces high levels of docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), was sequenced and subjected to protein annotation. The obtained clean reads (63.55 Mb in total) were assembled into 54 contigs and 25 scaffolds, with maximum and minimum lengths of 400 and 0.0054 Mb, respectively. A total of 3513 genes (24.84%) were identified, which could be classified into six pathways and 44 pathway groups, of which 68 genes (1.93%) were involved in lipid metabolism. In the Gene Ontology database, 22,436 genes were annotated as cellular component (8579 genes, 38.24%), molecular function (5236 genes, 23.34%), and biological process (8621 genes, 38.42%). Four enzymes corresponding to the classic fatty acid synthase (FAS) pathway and three enzymes corresponding to the classic polyketide synthase (PKS) pathway were identified in Thraustochytriidae sp. SZU445. Although PKS pathway-associated dehydratase and isomerase enzymes were not detected in Thraustochytriidae sp. SZU445, a putative DHA- and DPA-specific fatty acid pathway was identified.

scholarly journals Two step-production of acylglycerols containing a high proportion of docosapentaenoic acid from marine omega-3 oil and their oxidative stability

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongshui Yu ◽  
Jiankang Wang ◽  
Fereidoon Shahidi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Seal Blubber Oil ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Acid Esters

The objective of this study was to concentrate polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) from seal blubber oil in an innovative manner to produce a high content of docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) in the resultant product. It also aimed at investigating the use of lipases as catalysts for synthesizing acylglycerols from glycerol and polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrates. Additionally, study of the oxidative stability of acylglycerols synthesized by lipases was intended. A two-stage urea complexation process was used to concentrate PUFA from seal blubber oil, giving rise to a DPA content of up to 24.0% in the product. Enzymatic synthesis of acyglycerols directly from glycerol and fatty acid concentrate was studied. Three lipases were used as biocatalysts for esterification. Lipase SP435 from Candida antarctica showed the highest activity for esterification. Effects of reaction parameters, namely temperature, time course and mole ratio of glycerol to fatty acid were followed with all three lipases. The optimal reaction time was 24 hr at 30 °C at a mole ratio of glycerol to fatty acid of 14:1. The maximum degree of acylglycerol synthesis was > 90%. The effect of time course and mole ratio of glycerol to fatty acid on acylglycerols distribution was also determined. The oxidative stability of different samples under Schaal-oven conditions at 60 °C showed that the oxidative stability of acylglycerols was better than that of the corresponding fatty acid esters.

scholarly journals Structural characterization of self-assemblies of new omega-3 lipids: docosahexaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid monoglycerides

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (37) ◽  
pp. 23928-23941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianrong Shao ◽  
Gizem Bor ◽  
Sabah Al-Hosayni ◽  
Stefan Salentinig ◽  
Anan Yaghmur
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Omega 3

Hexosomes based on omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid monoglycerides.

Effects of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty-Acid Supplementation on Redox Status in Chronic Renal Failure Patients With Dyslipidemia

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nassima Bouzidi ◽  
Khedidja Mekki ◽  
Ali Boukaddoum ◽  
Nawel Dida ◽  
Abbou Kaddous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Fatty Acid Supplementation ◽  
Acid Supplementation

Polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in human CD3+ T cells is temporally related to cell activation.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette West ◽  
Karen Lilycrop ◽  
Philip Calder ◽  
Barbara Fielding ◽  
Johanna Von Gerichten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis
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