scholarly journals Nutrient Deprivation-Associated Changes in Green Microalga Coelastrum sp. TISTR 9501RE Enhanced Potent Antioxidant Carotenoids

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monrawat Rauytanapanit ◽  
Kantima Janchot ◽  
Pokchut Kusolkumbot ◽  
Sophon Sirisattha ◽  
Rungaroon Waditee-Sirisattha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Condition ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Nutrient Deprivation ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Green Microalga ◽  
Carotenoid Profile ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Fast Turnaround Time ◽  
The Way

The utilization of microalgae as a source of carotenoid productions has gained increasing popularity due to its advantages, such as a relatively fast turnaround time. In this study, a newly discovered Coelastrum sp. TISTR 9501RE was characterized and investigated for its taxonomical identity and carotenoid profile. To the best of our knowledge, this report was the first to fully investigate the carotenoid profiles in a microalga of the genus Coelastrum. Upon use of limited nutrients as a stress condition, the strain was able to produce astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, and lutein, as the major carotenoid components. Additionally, the carotenoid esters were found to be all astaxanthin derivatives, and β-carotene was not significantly present under this stress condition. Importantly, we also demonstrated that this practical stress condition could be combined with simple growing factors, such as ambient sunlight and temperature, to achieve even more focused carotenoid profiles, i.e., increased overall amounts of the aforementioned carotenoids with fewer minor components and chlorophylls. In addition, this green microalga was capable of tolerating a wide range of salinity. Therefore, this study paved the way for more investigations and developments on this fascinating strain, which will be reported in due course.

scholarly journals Combined Production of Astaxanthin and β-Carotene in a New Strain of the Microalga Bracteacoccus aggregatus BM5/15 (IPPAS C-2045) Cultivated in Photobioreactor

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Konstantin Chekanov ◽  
Daniil Litvinov ◽  
Tatiana Fedorenko ◽  
Olga Chivkunova ◽  
Elena Lobakova
Keyword(s):  
Bubble Column ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Stage Scheme ◽  
Green Microalga ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
Carotenoid Synthesis ◽  
Bubble Column Photobioreactor ◽  
Β Carotene

Carotenoids astaxanthin and β-carotene are widely used natural antioxidants. They are key components of functional food, cosmetics, drugs and animal feeding. They hold leader positions on the world carotenoid market. In current work, we characterize the new strain of the green microalga Bracteacoccus aggregatus BM5/15 and propose the method of its culturing in a bubble-column photobioreactor for simultaneous production of astaxanthin and β-carotene. Culture was monitored by light microscopy and pigment kinetics. Fatty acid profile was evaluated by tandem gas-chromatography–mass spectrometry. Pigments were obtained by the classical two-stage scheme of autotrophic cultivation. At the first, vegetative, stage biomass accumulation occurred. Maximum specific growth rate and culture productivity at this stage were 100–200 mg∙L−1∙day−1, and 0.33 day−1, respectively. At the second, inductive, stage carotenoid synthesis was promoted. Maximal carotenoid fraction in the biomass was 2.2–2.4%. Based on chromatography data, astaxanthin and β-carotene constituted 48 and 13% of total carotenoid mass, respectively. Possible pathways of astaxanthin synthesis are proposed based on carotenoid composition. Collectively, a new strain B. aggregatus BM5/15 is a potential biotechnological source of two natural antioxidants, astaxanthin and β-carotene. The results give the rise for further works on optimization of B. aggregatus cultivation on an industrial scale.

Investigations on the Mechanical Properties and Formability of Friction Stir Welded Tailored Blanks

2007 ◽  
Vol 344 ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Buffa ◽  
Livan Fratini ◽  
Marion Merklein ◽  
Detlev Staud
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tailored Blanks ◽  
Sheet Stamping ◽  
Wide Range

Tight competition characterizing automotive industries in the last decades has determined a strong research effort aimed to improve utilized processes and materials in sheet stamping. As far as the latter are regarded light weight alloys, high strength steels and tailored blanks have been increasingly utilized with the aim to reduce parts weight and fuel consumptions. In the paper the mechanical properties and formability of tailored welded blanks made of a precipitation hardenable aluminum alloy but with different sheet thicknesses, have been investigated: both laser welding and friction stir welding have been developed to obtain the tailored blanks. For both welding operations a wide range of the thickness ratios has been considered. The formability of the obtained blanks has been characterized through tensile tests and cup deep drawing tests, in order to show the formability in dependency of the stress condition; what is more mechanical and metallurgical investigations have been made on the welded joints.

scholarly journals Assessment of Linearization Approaches for Multibody Dynamics Formulations

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco González ◽  
Pierangelo Masarati ◽  
Javier Cuadrado ◽  
Miguel A. Naya
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical System ◽  
Multibody Dynamics ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Differential Algebraic Equations ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Linearization Methods ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Way

Formulating the dynamics equations of a mechanical system following a multibody dynamics approach often leads to a set of highly nonlinear differential-algebraic equations (DAEs). While this form of the equations of motion is suitable for a wide range of practical applications, in some cases it is necessary to have access to the linearized system dynamics. This is the case when stability and modal analyses are to be carried out; the definition of plant and system models for certain control algorithms and state estimators also requires a linear expression of the dynamics. A number of methods for the linearization of multibody dynamics can be found in the literature. They differ in both the approach that they follow to handle the equations of motion and the way in which they deliver their results, which in turn are determined by the selection of the generalized coordinates used to describe the mechanical system. This selection is closely related to the way in which the kinematic constraints of the system are treated. Three major approaches can be distinguished and used to categorize most of the linearization methods published so far. In this work, we demonstrate the properties of each approach in the linearization of systems in static equilibrium, illustrating them with the study of two representative examples.

Scientific advice seen from the perspective of a minister of science

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Heinz Riesenhuber
Keyword(s):  
Final Outcome ◽  
Scientific Advice ◽  
Funding Policy ◽  
Science Funding ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Way

Thea purpose of science funding policy is to pave the way into new territory without knowing the final outcome to be expected. This needs the input of a wide range of scientific advice in response to well defined questions. There must be a serious intention to listen and if possible act on such advice.

Content and Consistency in the Endogenous Depressive Pattern

1966 ◽  
Vol 112 (486) ◽  
pp. 471-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul H. Rosenthal ◽  
Gerald L. Klerman
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Psychotic Depression ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Mourning And Melancholia ◽  
The Way

As currently used, the diagnosis of depression includes a wide range of clinical phenomena. This has not always been the case. Near the end of the 19th century, when the term depression began to evolve the meanings that it has today it was applied primarily to psychotics. The formulations of Freud in Mourning and Melancholia (1917), and of Kraepelin in Manic Depressive Insanity (1921) were based upon observations of patients who were both depressed and psychotic. In their work the contrast was between psychotic depression (or “melancholia”) on one hand, and normal sadness on the other. In the succeeding half-century, however, as psychiatry has extended its boundaries, increasing attention has been focused on non-psychotic depressions, often called “neurotic” or “reactive.” As these “neurotic” or “reactive” depressions reached public attention, a debate began over the way in which the depressive population should be described and the extent to which it should be subdivided. Critical and often sarcastic written battles were fought between the separatists and the unifiers during the 1920's and 1930's. These debates have been informatively chronicled by Partridge (1949). We have found it useful to divide these theorists into unifiers, dualists, and pluralists.

scholarly journals Contemporary methodology of teaching English punctuation: problems and new vistas

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
E. V. Mikhailovskaia ◽  
O. V. Sapunova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
English System ◽  
Syntactic Function ◽  
The Way

The article outlines the way the English system of punctuation marks is presented in contemporary ELT research and practice. The following types of sources are considered and analyzed in the article: grammar books for teaching English as the first, second or foreign language; reference books and web-sites aimed at preparing students for IELTS and TOEFL; books belonging to the genre known as popular science; purely scientific works on punctuation in general and the semicolon in particular. The main goals of the research are to reveal the central tendencies in teaching English punctuation on the example of the so-called weighty stops of vertical segmentation, namely the semicolon, and to see whether they manage to present a certain norm of using the stop. Thus, the present paper focuses on the semicolon one of the most controversial stops in the system, which has been proved to function both at the syntactic and stylistic levels. It is shown that a formal / grammatical approach is the most common way to treat punctuation in ELT literature; however, it does not take into account stylistic and prosodic peculiarities of the stops and thus fails to show the whole spectrum of its usage, as well as its phonetic and stylistic potential. Consequently, such an approach should not be applied to English one of the languages exhibiting a semantic-stylistic type of punctuation. It is proposed that the approach to be used in teaching English punctuation most effectively is pragmalinguistics, since it exploits a wide range of methods and means of analyzing a text, and also considers and highlights all the aspects of using the stops (their syntactic function, stylistic capacities and prosodic characteristics). Moreover, the article poses the question that the current methodology of the approach has to be further developed.

scholarly journals A national study of practice patterns in UK renal units in the use of dialysis and conservative kidney management to treat people aged 75 years and over with chronic kidney failure

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Roderick ◽  
Hugh Rayner ◽  
Sarah Tonkin-Crine ◽  
Ikumi Okamoto ◽  
Caroline Eyles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Failure ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
National Study ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Renal Unit ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Way

BackgroundConservative kidney management (CKM) is recognised as an alternative to dialysis for a significant number of older adults with multimorbid stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5). However, little is known about the way CKM is delivered or how it is perceived.AimTo determine the practice patterns for the CKM of older patients with CKD5, to inform service development and future research.Objectives(1) To describe the differences between renal units in the extent and nature of CKM, (2) to explore how decisions are made about treatment options for older patients with CKD5, (3) to explore clinicians’ willingness to randomise patients with CKD5 to CKM versus dialysis, (4) to describe the interface between renal units and primary care in managing CKD5 and (5) to identify the resources involved and potential costs of CKM.MethodsMixed-methods study. Interviews with 42 patients aged > 75 years with CKD5 and 60 renal unit staff in a purposive sample of nine UK renal units. Interviews informed the design of a survey to assess CKM practice, sent to all 71 UK units. Nineteen general practitioners (GPs) were interviewed concerning the referral of CKD patients to secondary care. We sought laboratory data on new CKD5 patients aged > 75 years to link with the nine renal units’ records to assess referral patterns.ResultsSixty-seven of 71 renal units completed the survey. Although terminology varied, there was general acceptance of the role of CKM. Only 52% of units were able to quantify the number of CKM patients. A wide range reflected varied interpretation of the designation ‘CKM’ by both staff and patients. It is used to characterise a future treatment option as well as non-dialysis care for end-stage kidney failure (i.e. a disease state equivalent to being on dialysis). The number of patients in the latter group on CKM was relatively small (median 8, interquartile range 4.5–22). Patients’ expectations of CKM and dialysis were strongly influenced by renal staff. In a minority of units, CKM was not discussed. When discussed, often only limited information about illness progression was provided. Staff wanted more research into the relative benefits of CKM versus dialysis. There was almost universal support for an observational methodology and a quarter would definitely be willing to participate in a randomised clinical trial, indicating that clinicians placed value on high-quality evidence to inform decision-making. Linked data indicated that most CKD5 patients were known to renal units. GPs expressed a need for guidance on when to refer older multimorbid patients with CKD5 to nephrology care. There was large variation in the scale and model of CKM delivery. In most, the CKM service was integrated within the service for all non-renal replacement therapy CKD5 patients. A few units provided dedicated CKM clinics and some had dedicated, modest funding for CKM.ConclusionsConservative kidney management is accepted across UK renal units but there is much variation in the way it is described and delivered. For best practice, and for CKM to be developed and systematised across all renal units in the UK, we recommend (1) a standard definition and terminology for CKM, (2) research to measure the relative benefits of CKM and dialysis and (3) development of evidence-based staff training and patient education interventions.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.

scholarly journals An approach to the low-resistance measurement

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-307
Author(s):  
Radojle Radetic ◽  
Marijana Pavlov-Kagadejev ◽  
Darko Brodic ◽  
Nikola Milivojevic
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Resistance Measurement ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
The Real ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Resistor Measuring ◽  
The Way

The paper presents the real instrument functional characteristics and describes the way of practical solutions of its performance improvement. It presents the design process of the instrument made for resistance measuring. In order to achieve desired objectives, a great number of experiments have been carried out during the development. Basically, the comparison method has been applied. At first, it was intended for the small resistor measuring as a single range unit. Later, the device has been improved and upgraded for a wide range resistance measuring. Finally, some of the difficulties have been detected and explained as well. The paper contains solutions developed and applied for their overcoming.

A Novel Polyaxial Strength Criterion for Rock Materials Under General Stress Condition

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (08) ◽  
pp. 1850082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yugui Yang ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
Chengzheng Cai ◽  
Peijian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Strength Criterion ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
External Loading ◽  
Nonlinear Characteristics ◽  
Rock Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Confining Pressures ◽  
The Relationship

Yielding or failure of rocks under the action of external loading is complicated due to the dependence on pressure sensitivity and Lode angle. In this study, a generalized hyperbolic strength criterion is proposed to describe the strong nonlinear characteristics of rocks over a wide range of confining pressures. The relationship between failure stress and instantaneous friction angle of rocks is analyzed based on nonlinear Mohr strength envelope. In order to reflect the influence of intermediate principal stress on the strength of rock materials, the generalized hyperbolic criterion has further been extended to complicated stress state. The failure criterion allows the possibility of transitions from an equilateral triangle to circle, which greatly improves the durability and applicability to describe the strength characteristics of various rocks under complicated stress state. The validity of the proposed criterion is verified by comparing predictions with experimental results of rocks.

Epicoccum purpurascens. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
New Records ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Animal Tissue ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Twig Blight ◽  
Specific Parasite ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract A description is provided for Epicoccum purpurascens[Epicoccum nigrum]. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: plurivorous. DISEASE: The species usually occurs as a saprophyte or weak parasite although there are a number of reference to its occurance as a specific parasite. It occurs on a wide range of plants and plant material, human and animal tissue and processed foodstuffs. Generally regarded as a saprophyte or weak parasite but it has been listed as causing leaf spot of cassava (48, 2104), twig blight of Asiatic chestnuts (51, 1193) and because of its reddish-brown pigments (Β-carotene, torularhodin and rhodo-xanthin) it has been referred to as causing 'Red Kernel' disease of sweet corn (54, 2217), Red Blotch of rice (13, 538) and Brown Rot of apple. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Although new records of its distribution are constantly being published its range is probably world-wide wherever vegetation occurs. The CMI has material from all the major regions of the world and collections too numerous to list here. TRANSMISSION: Spores of the species are amongst the commonest components of the air spore (51, 1193) and have been frequently isolated from seeds of rice (53, 135), millet (53, 3004) and cereals in general.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document