scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Marine Algae against Dental Plaque Bacteria

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon-Young Jun ◽  
Min-Jeong Jung ◽  
In-Hak Jeong ◽  
Koji Yamazaki ◽  
Yuji Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Planktonic Cell ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Dental Diseases ◽  
Physiological Benefits

Dental plaque biofilms cause various dental diseases; therefore, inhibiting the growths of the dental plaque bacteria which produce biofilms can be a strategy for preventing dental disease. Certain sulfated polysaccharides from marine algae exert antimicrobial activities against human bacterial pathogens in addition to their physiological benefits. On the basis of these observations, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of sulfated polysaccharides from different marine algae were evaluated against dental plaque bacteria. Among the sulfated polysaccharides, a fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus showed notable antimicrobial activities against the selected dental plaque bacteria, including some foodborne pathogenic bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentrations were of 125 to 1000 µg mL−1. Regarding the antibiofilm activity, the fucoidan at the concentrations of above 250 µg mL−1 completely suppressed the biofilm formations and planktonic cell growths of Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus. However, no eliminative effect on the completed biofilm was observed. The fucoidan consisted of almost fucose base polysaccharide containing approximately 14.0% sulfate content. The average molecular weight of the fucoidan was changed by heat treatment (121 °C for 15 min) and it affected the antimicrobial activity.

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT FROM UNIDENTIFIED SPONGE ASSOCIATED BACTERIA IN LEMUKUTAN ISLAND, KALIMANTAN BARAT

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Risa Nofiani ◽  
Siti Nurbetty ◽  
Ajuk Sapar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Sponge Associated Bacteria

<p>The increase of issues on the antibiotics resistant pathogenic bacteria has triggered high exploration for new antimicrobial compounds. One of the potential sources is sponge-associated bacteria. The aim of this study was to get sponge-associated bacteria extract containing antimicrobial activities. On the basis screening of antimicrobial activity using by streaking on agar medium, there were two potential isolates with antimicrobial activities namely LCS1 and LCS2. The two isolates were cultivated,then secondary metabolite product were extracted using methanol as a solvent. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of extract LCS 1 were 1,000 μg/well for S. aureus, 950 μg/well for Salmonella sp.and 800 μg/well for Bacillus subtilis. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of extract LCS 2 were 500 μg/well for S. aureus, 1,050 μg/well for Salmonella sp., 750 μg/well for Bacillus subtilis, 350 μg/well for P. aeruginosa, 750 μg/sumur terhadap B. subtilis. Based on the MIC values, the two assay extracts have a relatively low antimicrobial activity.</p> <p>Keywords:Antimicrobial,Sponges associated bacteria,MICs</p>

scholarly journals Extract from phyllosphere bacteria with antibiofilm and quorum quenching activity to control several fish pathogenic bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Nathalia ◽  
Diana Elizabeth Waturangi
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Vibrio Harveyi ◽  
Quorum Quenching ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Fish Pathogen ◽  
Phyllosphere Bacteria

Abstract Objective The objective of this research were to screen quorum quenching activity compound from phyllosphere bacteria as well as antibiofilm activity against several fish pathogen bacteria such as Aeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Vibrio harveyi. Results We found eight phyllosphere bacteria isolates with potential quorum quenching activity to inhibit Chromobacterium violaceum as indicator bacteria. Crude extracts (20 mg/mL) showed various antibiofilm activity against fish pathogenic bacteria used in this study. Isolate JB 17B showed the highest activity to inhibit biofilm formation of A. hydrophila and V. harveyi, meanwhile isolate JB 3B showed the highest activity to inhibit biofilm of S. agalactiae. From destruction assay, isolate JB 8F showed the highest activity to disrupt biofilm of A. hydrophila isolate JB 20B showed the highest activity to disrupt biofilm of V. harveyi, isolate JB 17B also showed the highest activity to disrupt biofilm of S. agalactiae.

scholarly journals Prediction and Activity of a Cationic α-Helix Antimicrobial Peptide ZM-804 from Maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2643
Author(s):  
Mohamed F. Hassan ◽  
Abdelrahman M. Qutb ◽  
Wubei Dong
Keyword(s):  
Cdna Library ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small molecules consisting of less than fifty residues of amino acids. Plant AMPs establish the first barrier of defense in the innate immune system in response to invading pathogens. The purpose of this study was to isolate new AMPs from the Zea mays L. inbred line B73 and investigate their antimicrobial activities and mechanisms against certain essential plant pathogenic bacteria. In silico, the Collection of Anti-Microbial Peptides (CAMPR3), a computational AMP prediction server, was used to screen a cDNA library for AMPs. A ZM-804 peptide, isolated from the Z. mays L. inbred line B73 cDNA library, was predicted as a new cationic AMP with high prediction values. ZM-804 was tested against eleven pathogens of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and exhibited high antimicrobial activities as determined by the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs). A confocal laser scanning microscope observation showed that the ZM-804 AMP targets bacterial cell membranes. SEM and TEM images revealed the disruption and damage of the cell membrane morphology of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 caused by ZM-804. In planta, ZM-804 demonstrated antimicrobial activity and prevented the infection of tomato plants by Pst DC3000. Moreover, four virulent phytopathogenic bacteria were prevented from inducing hypersensitive response (HR) in tobacco leaves in response to low ZM-804 concentrations. ZM-804 exhibits low hemolytic activity against mouse red blood cells (RBCs) and is relatively safe for mammalian cells. In conclusion, the ZM-804 peptide has a strong antibacterial activity and provides an alternative tool for plant disease control. Additionally, the ZM-804 peptide is considered a promising candidate for human and animal drug development.

scholarly journals Minerals, Essential Oils, and Biological Properties of Melissa officinalis L.

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1066
Author(s):  
Fahima Abdellatif ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Samir Begaa ◽  
Mohammed Messaoudi ◽  
Adel Benarfa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Total Oil

This study describes the minerals elements, chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Algerian Melissa officinalis plant. The essential oil (EO) was extracted by hydrodistillation (HD) using a Clevenger-type apparatus of dry leaves of M. officinalis and was analyzed by two techniques, gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Eighteen minerals comprising both macro- and microelements (As, Br, K, La, Na, Sb, Sm, Ba, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Rb, Sc, Th, and Zn) were determined using neutron activation analysis technique for the first time from Algerian Melissa officinalis plant. Seventy-eight compounds were identified in the essential oil, representing 94.090% of the total oil and the yields were 0.470%. The major component was geranial (45.060%). Other predominant components were neral (31.720%) and citronellal (6.420%). The essential oil presented high antimicrobial activity against microorganisms, mainly five human pathogenic bacteria, one yeast, Candida albicans, and two phytopathogenic fungi. The results can be used as a source of information for the pharmaceutical industry and medical research.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activities of Marine Sponge-Associated Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Yitayal S. Anteneh ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
Melissa H. Brown ◽  
Christopher M. M. Franco
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Sponge Associated Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Symbionts ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

The misuse and overuse of antibiotics have led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms, which decreases the chance of treating those infected with existing antibiotics. This resistance calls for the search of new antimicrobials from prolific producers of novel natural products including marine sponges. Many of the novel active compounds reported from sponges have originated from their microbial symbionts. Therefore, this study aims to screen for bioactive metabolites from bacteria isolated from sponges. Twelve sponge samples were collected from South Australian marine environments and grown on seven isolation media under four incubation conditions; a total of 1234 bacterial isolates were obtained. Of these, 169 bacteria were tested in media optimized for production of antimicrobial metabolites and screened against eleven human pathogens. Seventy bacteria were found to be active against at least one test bacterial or fungal pathogen, while 37% of the tested bacteria showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant strains and antifungal activity was produced by 21% the isolates. A potential novel active compound was purified possessing inhibitory activity against S. aureus. Using 16S rRNA, the strain was identified as Streptomyces sp. Our study highlights that the marine sponges of South Australia are a rich source of abundant and diverse bacteria producing metabolites with antimicrobial activities against human pathogenic bacteria and fungi.

scholarly journals Photorhabdus sp. ETL Antimicrobial Properties and Characterization of Its Secondary Metabolites by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Tshikala Eddie Lulamba ◽  
Ezekiel Green ◽  
Mahloro Hope Serepa-Dlamini
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Toxigenic Fungi ◽  
Properties And Characterization

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are known to be highly pathogenic to insect pests, due to their associated symbiotic bacteria, which produce virulence factors, exo-enzymes and other harmful secondary metabolites to conquer, kill, and degrade their insect hosts. However, these properties are not fully characterized. This study reports on the antimicrobial activities of Photorhabdus sp. strain ETL, symbiotically associated to an insect pathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis zealandica, against human pathogenic bacteria and toxigenic fungi, as well as the non-targeted profiling of its secondary metabolites (SMs) using gas chromatography coupled to high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Fatty acids including 3-eicosene, (E)-; 5-eicosene, (E)-; eicosene; 9-octadecenamide; undecanoic acid with shown antimicrobial activities were detected. This provided more insight on the composition and bioactivities of SMs produced by the Photorhabdus sp.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF IN VITRO METHODOLOGIES FOR INHIBITION OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA BY POTENTIAL PROBIOTIC LACTOBACILLUS SPS; AN EVIDENCE FOR PRODUCTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL SUBSTANCES

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Prabhurajeshwar C. ◽  
Kelmani Chandrakanth R.
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salts ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Live Bacteria ◽  
Digestive Health

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Probiotic products consist of specific strains of live bacteria that have potentially favorable health effects. A number of studies provide evidence that milk products with probiotics may be beneficial for digestive health and may improve various digestive problems. The purpose of the present study was to investigate <em>Lactobacillus</em> species with potential activities isolated from different cheese samples of local market.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total 42 lactic acid bacteria strains were isolated, fourteen (14/42) best <em>Lactobacillus</em> isolates were selected by preliminary screening as potential probiotics with antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. All the fourteen <em>Lactobacillus</em> isolates were then characterized <em>in vitro</em> for their probiotic features and antimicrobial activities against pathogens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results noticed that all selected <em>Lactobacillus</em> isolates (CH3, CH4 and CH6) were screened and confirmed as <em>Lactobacillus. </em>The isolates were able to grow at different pH, NaCl and bile salts, also exhibited the best antimicrobial activities against pathogens. All the isolates were susceptible to antibiotics used and isolates were also revealed the noticeable aggregation and hydrophobicity studies.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Selected <em>Lactobacillus </em>isolates were considered as ideal, effective probiotic bacteria. Thus, they could be examined further and contribute to preventing and controlling several infections associated with intestine and for human health benefits.</p>

Antibacterial Effects of Long-Chain Polyphosphates on Selected Spoilage and Pathogenic Bacteria

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 1401-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEREMY A. OBRITSCH ◽  
DOJIN RYU ◽  
LUCINA E. LAMPILA ◽  
LLOYD B. BULLERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Long Chain

The antimicrobial activities of four long-chain food-grade polyphosphates were studied at concentrations allowed in the food industry (&lt;5,000 ppm) in defined basal media by determining the inhibition of growth of three gram-negative and four gram-positive spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. Both generation time and lag phase of Escherichia coli K-12, E. coli O157: H7, and Salmonella Typhimurium were increased with all of the polyphosphates tested. Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus were more sensitive to polyphosphates, but not in all cases, with multiphased growth. The growth of Lactobacillus plantarum was inhibited by polyphosphates at concentrations above 750 ppm, but the lag time of Listeria monocytogenes was shortened by the presence of polyphosphates. No single polyphosphate was maximally inhibitory against all bacteria. Polyphosphates with chain lengths of 12 to 15 were significantly different from those with chain lengths of 18 to 21 depending on the organism and concentrations of polyphosphate used. Overall, higher polyphosphate concentrations resulted in greater inhibition of bacterial growth.

scholarly journals Screening of active antimicrobial and biological enzymes of microbial isolated from soil in Thailand

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pannapa Powthong ◽  
Apichai Sripean ◽  
Pattra Suntornthiticharoen
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Lipase Production ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria

Objective: The objectives of this study were to isolate microorganisms and screen for potential antimicrobial activities from the soil. Methods: In this study, a total of 425 isolates were isolated from 100 soil samples. The preliminary screening for antimicrobial activities of these isolates was performed by modified cross-streak, agar diffusion, and modified icrodilution technique against 16 pathogenic bacteria and fungi.Results: In the anti-microbial activity, there were three isolates, namely, 277, 303, and 307 exhibited inhibitory activity against methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium respectively. This study also examined the various enzymes producing from soil microorganisms including chitinase, chitosanase, amylase, cellulose, caseinase, gelatinase, esterase, and lipase production of different selective media for 24 and 48hrs using the direct spot method. The results revealed that 28 isolates could produce various enzymes with strong activity. Most of them produced gelatinase (5.65%) and caseinase (5.18%). There were four isolates that produce broad-spectrum enzyme. In addition, the investigation of selectedmicroorganism identification showed that they can be divided into three groups: Burkholderia spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Rhodococcus spp.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the microorganisms from soil are capable of producing potential, antibacterial, and bioactive enzymes.Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Extracellular enzyme, Soil microbial, Drug-resistant bacteria.

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