scholarly journals Anti-Photoaging Effects of Low Molecular-Weight Fucoidan on Ultraviolet B-Irradiated Mice

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-In Kim ◽  
Won-Seok Oh ◽  
Phil Song ◽  
Sungho Yun ◽  
Young-Sam Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stresses ◽  
Skin Photoaging ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidants

Ultraviolet (UV) B exposure induces DNA damage and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes skin photoaging through signaling pathways of inflammation and modulation of extracellular matrix remodeling proteins, collagens, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP). As low molecular-weight fucoidan (LMF) has potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, we examined the protective effects of LMF against UVB-induced photoaging. A UVB-irradiated mouse model was topically treated with myricetin or LMF at 2.0, 1.0 and 0.2 mg/cm2 (LMF2.0, LMF1.0 and LMF0.2, respectively) once a day for 15 weeks. Wrinkle formation, inflammation, oxidative stress, MMP expression, and apoptosis in the treated regions were compared with those in a distilled water-treated photoaging model (UVB control). LMF treatments, particularly LMF2.0 and LMF1.0, significantly inhibited the wrinkle formation, skin edema, and neutrophil recruitment into the photo-damaged lesions, compared with those in the UVB control. While LMF decreased interleukin (IL)-1β release, it increased IL-10. The LMF treatment inhibited the oxidative stresses (malondialdehyde and superoxide anion) and enhanced endogenous antioxidants (glutathione). Additionally, LMF reduced the mRNA expression of MMP-1, 9, and 13. The histopathological analyses revealed the anti-photoaging effects of LMF exerted via its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and MMP-9-inhibiting effects. These suggest that LMF can be used as a skin-protective remedy for photoaging.

scholarly journals Polythiophenes with Cationic Phosphonium Groups as Vectors for Imaging, siRNA Delivery, and Photodynamic Therapy

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1432
Author(s):  
Laure Lichon ◽  
Clément Kotras ◽  
Bauyrzhan Myrzakhmetov ◽  
Philippe Arnoux ◽  
Morgane Daurat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Sirna Delivery ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cationic Polymers ◽  
Intracellular Location

In this work, we exploit the versatile function of cationic phosphonium-conjugated polythiophenes to develop multifunctional platforms for imaging and combined therapy (siRNA delivery and photodynamic therapy). The photophysical properties (absorption, emission and light-induced generation of singlet oxygen) of these cationic polythiophenes were found to be sensitive to molecular weight. Upon light irradiation, low molecular weight cationic polythiophenes were able to light-sensitize surrounding oxygen into reactive oxygen species (ROS) while the highest were not due to its aggregation in aqueous media. These polymers are also fluorescent, allowing one to visualize their intracellular location through confocal microscopy. The most promising polymers were then used as vectors for siRNA delivery. Due to their cationic and amphipathic features, these polymers were found to effectively self-assemble with siRNA targeting the luciferase gene and deliver it in MDA-MB-231 cancer cells expressing luciferase, leading to 30–50% of the gene-silencing effect. In parallel, the photodynamic therapy (PDT) activity of these cationic polymers was restored after siRNA delivery, demonstrating their potential for combined PDT and gene therapy.

Protective effects of antioxidin-RL from Odorrana livida against ultraviolet B-irradiated skin photoaging

Peptides ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 124-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Qin ◽  
Wen-Hui Lee ◽  
Zhiqin Gao ◽  
Weifen Zhang ◽  
Meiyu Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Skin Photoaging

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Astaxanthin Supplementation against Ultraviolet-Induced Photoaging in Hairless Mice

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Li ◽  
Tomohiro Matsumoto ◽  
Miho Takuwa ◽  
Mahmood Saeed Ebrahim Shaiku Ali ◽  
Takumi Hirabashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Hairless Mice ◽  
Skin Photoaging

Ultraviolet (UV) light induces skin photoaging, which is characterized by thickening, wrinkling, pigmentation, and dryness. Astaxanthin (AST), a ketocarotenoid isolated from Haematococcus pluvialis, has been extensively studied owing to its possible effects on skin health as well as UV protection. In addition, AST attenuates the increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and capillary regression of the skeletal muscle. In this study, we investigated whether AST could protect against UV-induced photoaging and reduce capillary regression in the skin of HR-1 hairless mice. UV light induces wrinkle formation, epidermal thickening, and capillary regression in the dermis of HR-1 hairless mice. The administration of AST reduced the UV-induced wrinkle formation and skin thickening, and increased collagen fibers in the skin. AST supplementation also inhibited the generation of ROS, decreased wrinkle formation, reduced epidermal thickening, and increased the density of capillaries in the skin. We also found an inverse correlation between wrinkle formation and the density of capillaries. An association between photoaging and capillary regression in the skin was also observed. These results suggest that AST can protect against photoaging caused by UV irradiation and the inhibitory effects of AST on photoaging may be associated with the reduction of capillary regression in the skin.

A reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive low molecular weight gel co-loaded with doxorubicin and Zn(ii) phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid for combined chemo-photodynamic therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (46) ◽  
pp. 9157-9164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Xu ◽  
Mingying Zhao ◽  
Yidi Yang ◽  
Yan Liang ◽  
Changzhen Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Oxygen Species

A ROS-responsive low molecular weight hydrogel was fabricated and loaded with an anticancer drug and a photosensitizer for efficient chemo-photodynamic therapy.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Prooxidant/Antioxidant Balance in Seed Progeny of Plantago major L. from Radioactively and Chemically Contaminated Areas

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-317
Author(s):  
Nadezhda S. Shimalina ◽  
◽  
Natal'ya A. Orekhova ◽  
Vera N. Pozolotina
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Plantago Major ◽  
Seed Progeny ◽  
Reference Samples

There are many studies addressing plant responses to radioactive and chemical contamination of soils, but few works have been devoted to comparison of biological effects in the areas affected by these human-induced factors. Ionizing radiation and heavy metals have different mechanisms of interaction with biota. Both factors, however, are capable of increasing the generation of reactive oxygen species, which cause enzyme malfunction and cell structure damage. The efficiency of antioxidant systems plays an important role in plant resistance to these impacts. The present study offers a comparative evaluation of prooxidant/antioxidant balance in seed progeny of Plantago major L. growing in the East Ural Radioactive Trace (EURT), in the zone affected by operation of the Karabash Copper Smelter (KCS), and in the reference sites. Lipid peroxidation was assessed by determining malondialdehyde. Evaluation of the antioxidant system was based on the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and total peroxidase, and on the content of low-molecular-weight antioxidants. The study showed that the prooxidant and antioxidant statuses of seed progeny of P. major from the contaminated sites were different from the reference samples and from each other. The pooled EURT sample exhibited a prooxidant shift relative to the reference samples, i. e. not only malondialdehyde but also activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase and the content of low-molecular-weight antioxidants were higher than in the reference samples. Malondialdehyde content in seedlings from the KCS zone did not differ from the reference values; superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were decreased whereas peroxidase activity was higher compared to the activities of these enzymes in the reference samples. Thus, the differences in the plant adaptive responses to ionizing radiation and heavy metals are caused by the dissimilarities in the induction of reactive oxygen species

Functional Group Transformation in Naphthoquinones: Strategies for the Synthesis of Mono- and Bis(Amino-1,4-naphthoquinones)

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina G. S. Lima ◽  
Acácio S. de Souza ◽  
Fernanda P. Pauli ◽  
Ruan Carlos B. Ribeiro ◽  
Amanda de A. Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Functional Group Transformation

: 1,4-Naphthoquinones are a group of natural and synthetic substances that participate in various biochemical functions in most plants and animals, being involved in energy production, electron transport, blood coagulation and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), among others. The performance of such biochemical functions is directly related to the functional groups linked to the 1,4-naphthoquinone scaffold, and the introduction of nitrogen-containing groups into this nucleus may amplify its biological activity against numerous targets. Therefore, several methods have been developed in the last decades for preparing these compounds, especially from 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives. Considering these concepts, in this review we aim to provide insights into the chemistry, chemical synthesis, semi-synthesis, pharmacological effects, and reactivity of low molecular weight mono- and bis(aminonaphthoquinones); we start by discussing the use of some of the most important 1,4-naphthoquinones as starting materials for the synthesis of amino-1,4-naphthoquinones (ANQs), go thought the modification of ANQ derivatives, and conclude by providing an outlook on this field.

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