scholarly journals Bioactivity and Applications of Sulphated Polysaccharides from Marine Microalgae

Marine Drugs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Raposo ◽  
Rui De Morais ◽  
Alcina Bernardo de Morais
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Marine Microalgae ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
Sulphated Polysaccharides ◽  
Unicellular Algae ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Times

Marine microalgae have been used for a long time as food for humans, such as Arthrospira (formerly, Spirulina), and for animals in aquaculture. The biomass of these microalgae and the compounds they produce have been shown to possess several biological applications with numerous health benefits. The present review puts up-to-date the research on the biological activities and applications of polysaccharides, active biocompounds synthesized by marine unicellular algae, which are, most of the times, released into the surrounding medium (exo- or extracellular polysaccharides, EPS). It goes through the most studied activities of sulphated polysaccharides (sPS) or their derivatives, but also highlights lesser known applications as hypolipidaemic or hypoglycaemic, or as biolubricant agents and drag-reducers. Therefore, the great potentials of sPS from marine microalgae to be used as nutraceuticals, therapeutic agents, cosmetics, or in other areas, such as engineering, are approached in this review.

scholarly journals A Review on Recent Advances in Nitrogen-Containing Molecules and Their Biological Applications

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagaraju Kerru ◽  
Lalitha Gummidi ◽  
Suresh Maddila ◽  
Kranthi Kumar Gangu ◽  
Sreekantha B. Jonnalagadda
Keyword(s):  
Drug Design ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
One Year

The analogs of nitrogen-based heterocycles occupy an exclusive position as a valuable source of therapeutic agents in medicinal chemistry. More than 75% of drugs approved by the FDA and currently available in the market are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moieties. In the forthcoming decade, a much greater share of new nitrogen-based pharmaceuticals is anticipated. Many new nitrogen-based heterocycles have been designed. The number of novel N-heterocyclic moieties with significant physiological properties and promising applications in medicinal chemistry is ever-growing. In this review, we consolidate the recent advances on novel nitrogen-containing heterocycles and their distinct biological activities, reported over the past one year (2019 to early 2020). This review highlights the trends in the use of nitrogen-based moieties in drug design and the development of different potent and competent candidates against various diseases.

scholarly journals Mangiferin as New Potential Anti-Cancer Agent and Mangiferin-Integrated Polymer Systems—A Novel Research Direction

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Svetlana N. Morozkina ◽  
Thi Hong Nhung Vu ◽  
Yuliya E. Generalova ◽  
Petr P. Snetkov ◽  
Mayya V. Uspenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Polymer Systems ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Cancer Agent

For a long time, the pharmaceutical industry focused on natural biologically active molecules due to their unique properties, availability and significantly less side-effects. Mangiferin is a naturally occurring C-glucosylxantone that has substantial potential for the treatment of various diseases thanks to its numerous biological activities. Many research studies have proven that mangiferin possesses antioxidant, anti-infection, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, cardiovascular, neuroprotective properties and it also increases immunity. It is especially important that it has no toxicity. However, mangiferin is not being currently applied to clinical use because its oral bioavailability as well as its absorption in the body are too low. To improve the solubility, enhance the biological action and bioavailability, mangiferin integrated polymer systems have been developed. In this paper, we review molecular mechanisms of anti-cancer action as well as a number of designed polymer-mangiferin systems. Taking together, mangiferin is a very promising anti-cancer molecule with excellent properties and the absence of toxicity.

Аmbiguous Temporality of Utopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Svetlana Neretina
Keyword(s):  
Private Property ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Thomas More ◽  
Creative Task ◽  
The Public ◽  
Theoretical Position ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Ideal

The article rejects the reading of Thomas More's Utopia as, first, a statement of More's own views on the ideal state and, accordingly, his definition not only as a humanist, but as a communist, and, secondly, an attempt is made to present the humanistic foundations of his ideas and ways of expressing them. These ways of expression are connected with the tropological way of his thinking, expressed through satire and irony, with an eye to ancient examples, which was characteristic of the philosophy, poetics and politics of humanism, one of the tasks of which was to try to build a new society (especially relevant in the period of geographical discoveries), architecture, an unprecedented ratio of natural objects (archimboldeski). The models for "Utopia" were the works of Plato, Lucian, and Cicero. It is written in the spirit of the times, with criticism of state structures, private property, the distinction between the private and the public, and openness to all ideas. Intellectual disorientation of readers is a specific creative task of More writer, his test of their ability to quickly change the optics, to consider history as an alternative world, radically different from our own, but connected with it. Thanks to an extremely pronounced intellectual tension, it goes beyond the limits of time, like the works of Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, Marx... Utopia can be represented as a dystopia, if we take into account the performative nature of the latter, which contributes to the instantaneous translation of words into action, realizing the world of utopia. Dystopia is the answer to utopia with a change of sign: about the same thing, changing the optics, you can say "yes" and "no". This means that in the modern world, indeed, and for a long time, virtual consciousness becomes little different from the real one, and imagination replaces the theoretical position, acquiring its form, turning theory into fiction. A hypothesis is put forward about the presence of many utopian countries in" Utopia": Achorians, Polylerites, Macarians, Anemolians.

Synthetic and Biological Attributes of Pyrimidine Derivatives: A Recent update

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meenu Devi ◽  
Shivangi Jaiswal ◽  
Sonika Jain ◽  
Navjeet Kaur ◽  
Jaya Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Pyrimidine Derivatives ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Biological Attributes ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Therapeutic Activities ◽  
Anti Hiv

: Nitrogen-containing heterocycles attract the attention of chemists due to their multifarious activities. Amongst all, pyrimidine plays a central role and exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities. Literature is replete with the various aspects of synthetic development in pyrimidine chemistry for a wide array of applications. It aroused our interest to compile various novel and efficient synthetic approaches towards the synthesis of pyrimidine and its derivatives. Pyrimidine derivatives are broadly useful as therapeutic agents, owing to their high degree of structural diversity. They have been recorded to possess a diverse range of therapeutic activities, viz. anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV etc.

scholarly journals ETHNOBOTANICAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF NEPENTHES SPECIES: A REVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaibu Babaji Sanusi ◽  
Mohd Fadzelly Abu Bakar ◽  
Maryati Mohamed ◽  
Siti Fatimah Sabran ◽  
Muhammad Murtala Mainasara
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Gastrointestinal Discomfort ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Ethnobotanical Uses

The genus Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) has been utilized in folk medicine for a long time in India and Southeast Asia countries. They are used in the treatment of leprosy, cholera, night blindness, gastrointestinal discomfort, dysentery, stomachache, and bed-wetting among others. This review highlights the ethnobotanical uses, phytochemicals, and pharmacological activities of both crude extracts and pure bioactive compounds of Nepenthes spp. The phytochemical compounds isolated from Nepenthes species include flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids, and steroids among other phytochemicals. A wide range of pharmacological activities was exhibited by the crude extracts and pure bioactive components such as antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiosteoporotic, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity, and hypolipidemic activities. This review revealed that many active compounds are present in Nepenthes spp. However, many pharmacological screenings such as anticancer, antiviral, wound healing, antihelminthic, antidiarrheal properties, among others have not been carried out yet. Therefore, more biological investigations and phytochemical screenings are required to fully explore the genus Nepenthes which may lead to development of new therapeutic agents.  

scholarly journals Pharmacology and Phytochemistry of Ecuadorian Medicinal Plants: An Update and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1145
Author(s):  
Chabaco Armijos ◽  
Jorge Ramírez ◽  
Melissa Salinas ◽  
Giovanni Vidari ◽  
Alírica I. Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Pharmacological Studies

The use of plants as therapeutic agents is part of the traditional medicine that is practiced by many indigenous communities in Ecuador. The aim of this study was to update a review published in 2016 by including the studies that were carried out in the period 2016–July 2021 on about 120 Ecuadorian medicinal plants. Relevant data on raw extracts and isolated secondary metabolites were retrieved from different databases, resulting in 104 references. They included phytochemical and pharmacological studies on several non-volatile compounds, as well as the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs). The tested biological activities are also reported. The potential of Ecuadorian plants as sources of products for practical applications in different fields, as well the perspectives of future investigations, are discussed in the last part of the review.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effects, Biological Activities and Therapeutic Potential of Phytochemicals: A Comprehensive Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xi-jun Wang ◽  
Shi Qiu ◽  
Aihua Zhang ◽  
Jian-hua Miao ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Chemical Biology ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Pharmacological Targets ◽  
The World

The incidence of neurological disorders is growing in the world together with an increased lifespan. Nowadays, there are still no effective treatments for neurodegenerative pathology, which make necessary to search for new therapeutic agents. Natural products, most of them used in phytochemicals from herbal medicine, are considered promising alternatives for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Numerous herbs have been applied to neurodegenerative disease treatments as complementary and alternative medicines. In the 21st century, omics-coupled functional pharmacology was developed for neurodegenerative drug discovery from natural products. In this article, we firstly provide the latest understanding of neurological disorders on risk factors, category, diagnosis and treatment, and then specially present an overview of natural products in neuroprotective effects research from chemical biology to pharmacological targets, and also discuss the natural products application and future challenge.

scholarly journals REVIEW: Organosulphure compound of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and its biological activities

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
UDHI EKO HERNAWAN ◽  
AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Garlic has been used a long time ago as traditional medicines. The valuable bulb is used to treat hypertension, respiratory infection, headache, hemorrhoids, constipation, bruised injury or slice, insomnia, cholesterol, influenza, urinary infection, etc. Garlic bulbs can be used as anti-diabetic, anti-hypertension, anti-cholesterol, anti-atheroschlerosis, anti-oxidant, anti-cell platelet aggregation, fibrinolyse spur, anti-viral, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer. The ultimate bioactive compound of garlic is organo-sulphure components, i.e. alliin, allicin, ajoene, allyl sulphide groups, and allyl cystein. There was not any report of any side effects or toxicity of garlic.

scholarly journals Rivea Hypocrateriformis (Desr.) Choisy: A Review of its Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mukim ◽  
Atul Kabra ◽  
Christophe Hano ◽  
Samantha Drouet ◽  
Duangjai Tungmunnithum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Snake Bite ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses

Rivea hypocrateriformis (Desr.) Choisy is a robust woody climbing shrub of the genus Rivea which is found in India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Thailand. R. hypocrateriformis is a promising medicinal herb with enormous helpful and wellbeing advancing impacts. R. hypocrateriformis has been utilized as a customary medication for a long time to treat rheumatic pain, fever, urogenital problem, snake bite, cough, piles, malaria, and skin disease. Apart from the traditional uses its leaves and young shoots are cooked and eaten as a vegetable and for preparation of bread with millet flour. This review comprehensively summarizes the up-to-date information on the botanical characterization, distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity study of R. hypocrateriformis. Phytochemical investigation has been revealed that alkaloids, glycosides, coumarins, flavonoids, xanthones, stilbenes, and other organic compounds are contained in R. hypocrateriformis. Crude extracts and isolated compounds have exhibited numerous pharmacological activities such as anovulatory effect, antifertility activity, antiarthritic, antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antilithiatic, antimitotic. R. hypocrateriformis is a promising restorative spice with monstrous remedial and wellbeing advancing impacts. Along these lines, further investigations on the bioactive mixtures and systems of R. hypocrateriformis are justified. Extra clinical and toxicological examinations are expected to assess its wellbeing.

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