scholarly journals Weak Measurable Optimal Controls for the Problems of Bolza

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Gerardo Sánchez Licea
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Equality Constraints ◽  
Optimal Controls ◽  
Final States ◽  
State Control ◽  
Sufficiency Theorems

Two sufficiency theorems for parametric and a nonparametric problems of Bolza in optimal control are derived. The dynamics of the problems are nonlinear, the initial and final states are free, and the main results can be applied when nonlinear mixed time-state-control inequality and equality constraints are presented. The deviation between admissible costs and optimal costs around the optimal control is estimated by functionals playing the role of the square of some norms.

scholarly journals Sufficiency for Purely Essentially Bounded Optimal Controls

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Gerardo Sánchez Licea
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Optimal Control ◽  
Optimal Control Problems ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Control Problems ◽  
Optimal Controls ◽  
Embedding Theorems ◽  
State Control ◽  
Discontinuous Solutions ◽  
Piecewise Continuous

For optimal control problems of Bolza with variable and free end-points, nonlinear dynamics, nonlinear isoperimetric inequality and equality restrictions, and nonlinear pointwise mixed time-state-control inequality and equality constraints, sufficient conditions for strong minima are derived. The algorithm used to prove the main theorem of the paper includes a crucial symmetric inequality, making this technique an independent self-contained method of classical concepts such as embedding theorems from ordinary differential equations, Mayer fields, Riccati equations, or Hamilton–Jacobi theory. Moreover, the sufficiency theory given in this article is able to detect discontinuous solutions, that is, solutions which need to be neither continuous nor piecewise continuous but only essentially bounded.

scholarly journals Mean-field optimal control as Gamma-limit of finite agent controls

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1153-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. FORNASIER ◽  
S. LISINI ◽  
C. ORRIERI ◽  
G. SAVARÉ
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Superposition Principle ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Optimal Controls ◽  
Mean Field Limit ◽  
Interacting Agents ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Γ Convergence

This paper focuses on the role of a government of a large population of interacting agents as a meanfield optimal control problem derived from deterministic finite agent dynamics. The control problems are constrained by a Partial Differential Equation of continuity-type without diffusion, governing the dynamics of the probability distribution of the agent population. We derive existence of optimal controls in a measure-theoretical setting as natural limits of finite agent optimal controls without any assumption on the regularity of control competitors. In particular, we prove the consistency of mean-field optimal controls with corresponding underlying finite agent ones. The results follow from a Γ -convergence argument constructed over the mean-field limit, which stems from leveraging the superposition principle.

The State versus the People

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Rendle
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
State Control ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
The Military

This book provides the first detailed account of the role of revolutionary justice in the early Soviet state. Law has often been dismissed by historians as either unimportant after the October Revolution amid the violence and chaos of civil war or even, in the absence of written codes and independent judges, little more than another means of violence. This is particularly true of the most revolutionary aspect of the new justice system, revolutionary tribunals—courts inspired by the French Revolution and established to target counter-revolutionary enemies. This book paints a more complex picture. The Bolsheviks invested a great deal of effort and scarce resources into building an extensive system of tribunals that spread across the country, including into the military and the transport network. At their peak, hundreds of tribunals heard hundreds of thousands of cases every year. Not all ended in harsh sentences: some were dismissed through lack of evidence; others given a wide range of sentences; others still suspended sentences; and instances of early release and amnesty were common. This book, therefore, argues that law played a distinct and multifaceted role for the Bolsheviks. Tribunals stood at the intersection between law and violence, offering various advantages to the Bolsheviks, not least strengthening state control, providing a more effective means of educating the population on counter-revolution, and enabling a more flexible approach to the state’s enemies. All of this adds to our understanding of the early Soviet state and, ultimately, of how the Bolsheviks held on to power.

The Rise and Fall of the French Agences de l’Eau: From German-Type Subsidiarität to State Control

2018 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard O. Barraqué ◽  
Patrick Laigneau ◽  
Rosa Maria Formiga-Johnsson
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
State Control ◽  
Integrated Water Management ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Administrative Elites

The Agences de l’eau (Water Agencies) are well known abroad as the French attempt to develop integrated water management at river basin scale through the implementation of the Polluter Pays Principle (PPP). Yet, after 30 years of existence, environmental economists became aware that they were not implementing the PPP, and therefore were not aiming at reducing pollution through economic efficiency. Behind the purported success story, which still attracts visitors from abroad, a crisis has been recently growing. Initially based on the model of the German (rather than Dutch) waterboards, the French system always remained fragile and quasi-unconstitutional. It failed to choose between two legal, economic and institutional conceptions of river basin management. These principles differ on the definition of the PPP, and on the role of levies paid by water users. After presenting these two contrasting visions, the paper revisits the history of the French Agences, to show that, unwilling to modify the Constitution to make room for specific institutions to manage common pool resources, Parliament and administrative elites brought the system to levels of complexity and incoherence which might doom the experiment.

scholarly journals NATIONAL NORMATIVE-LEGAL ACTIONS OF ANTI-BIOTERRORISM UNDER THE PRIZE OF INTERACTION WITH INTERNATIONAL LAW PROVISIONS

2019 ◽  
pp. 163-165
Author(s):  
M. Yu Kravchuk
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
State Control ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Full Member ◽  
Intergovernmental Organization ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Priority Task ◽  
Global Initiative ◽  
Micro Organisms

The article analyzes the international legal acts on issues of counteraction to bioterrorism. It has been established that Ukraine is implementing effective cooperation on issues of mutual interest with bioterrorism both at the universal and regional levels (with NATO, CIS, EU), as well as at the bilateral level. The role of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxic Weapons and on their Destruction (CBTZ), Ukraine as a full member is determined. To strengthen the provisions of the Convention at the national level, a number of laws and regulations have been adopted, the purpose of which is to exclude the possibility of conducting activities in violation of the requirements of the OSCE. In general, the legal basis for combating bioterrorism is the Law of Ukraine dated March 20, 2003 “On the Fight against Terrorism”; the basis of the national system of “export control” are the laws of Ukraine “On Foreign Economic Activity” of 17.05.1991, “On State Control over International Transfers of Military and Dual-Use Goods” of 20.02.2003, the KPiminal Code of Ukraine of 05.04.2001, in the articles of which (art .439, art. 440) provides for liability for activities contrary to the Constitution. Information is given about activities of medical, scientific, specialized and production institutions in Ukraine that have micro-organisms banks or work with products of their vital activities, and are included in the scope of the CBT. Also in Ukraine, the inter-governmental intergovernmental organization Ukrainian Science and Technology Center was established in Ukraine. The emphasis is on Ukraine’s accession to the Global Health Security Agenda, the global initiative of the Centers for Disease Control (USA), which began in February 2014, to build a safe world protected from the dangers of infectious diseases. Appropriate conclusions were drawn about the priority task of Ukraine in developing a legislative position on the development of a package of legal acts in the field of combating bioterrorism, adopting recommendations for the implementation of the provisions of the Convention (CBTZ) and implementing other, no less important, strategic plans

Let Many Civil Societies Bloom: The Rise of Consultative Authoritarianism in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 19-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica C. Teets
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
Development Model ◽  
State Control ◽  
New Model ◽  
Local Officials

AbstractIn this article, I analyse civil society development in China using examples from Beijing to demonstrate the causal role of local officials' ideas about these groups during the last 20 years. I argue that the decentralization of public welfare and the linkage of promotion to the delivery of these goods supported the idea of local government–civil society collaboration. This idea was undermined by international examples of civil society opposing authoritarianism and the strength of the state-led development model after the 2008 economic crisis. I find growing convergence on a new model of state–society relationship that I call “consultative authoritarianism,” which encourages the simultaneous expansion of a fairly autonomous civil society and the development of more indirect tools of state control. This model challenges the conventional wisdom that an operationally autonomous civil society cannot exist inside authoritarian regimes and that the presence of civil society is an indicator of democratization.

Role of pine wilt disease based on optimal control strategy at multiple scales: A case study of Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ozair ◽  
Takasar Hussain ◽  
Kashif Ali Abro ◽  
Sajid Jameel ◽  
Aziz Ullah Awan
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Pine Wilt Disease ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy ◽  
Pine Wilt

Protecting the Sāsana through Law

2020 ◽  
pp. 194-212
Author(s):  
Iselin Frydenlund
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
Political Transition ◽  
State Control ◽  
Race And Religion ◽  
Religious Actors

This chapter is about Myanmar’s rapid political and social change, after decades-long isolation under military rule. It raises questions about the role of religious actors in the democratization processes. In 2015, four laws to ‘protect race and religion’ were passed in Myanmar’s Parliament, during a critical time in Myanmar’s political transition to democracy, and in the same year as the country’s first free elections in 25 years. The laws seek to regulate marriages between Buddhist women and non-Buddhist men, to prevent forceful conversion through state control of conversion from one religion to another, to abolish polygamy, and to promote birth control and family planning in certain regions of the country. Drawing on empirical data from Myanmar, the chapter argues that the rise of Buddhist nationalism during Myanmar’s democratization process primarily needs to be understood as a form of cultural defence in times of transition, cultural change, and societal insecurity.

A weak maximum principle for optimal control problems with mixed constraints under a constant rank condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1021-1047
Author(s):  
Roberto Andreani ◽  
Valeriano Antunes de Oliveira ◽  
Jamielli Tomaz Pereira ◽  
Geraldo Nunes Silva
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Maximum Principle ◽  
Optimal Control Problems ◽  
Necessary Optimality Conditions ◽  
Inequality Constraints ◽  
Equality Constraints ◽  
Control Problems ◽  
Constant Rank ◽  
Rank Condition ◽  
Weak Maximum Principle

Abstract Necessary optimality conditions for optimal control problems with mixed state-control equality constraints are obtained. The necessary conditions are given in the form of a weak maximum principle and are obtained under (i) a new regularity condition for problems with mixed linear equality constraints and (ii) a constant rank type condition for the general non-linear case. Some instances of problems with equality and inequality constraints are also covered. Illustrative examples are presented.

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