scholarly journals Cost-Based Optimum Design of Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls Considering Different Methods of Bearing Capacity Computation

Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Moayyeri ◽  
Sadjad Gharehbaghi ◽  
Vagelis Plevris
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Optimum Solution

This paper investigates the effect of computing the bearing capacity through different methods on the optimum construction cost of reinforced concrete retaining walls (RCRWs). Three well-known methods of Meyerhof, Hansen, and Vesic are used for the computation of the bearing capacity. In order to model and design the RCRWs, a code is developed in MATLAB. To reach a design with minimum construction cost, the design procedure is structured in the framework of an optimization problem in which the initial construction cost of the RCRW is the objective function to be minimized. The design criteria (both geotechnical and structural limitations) are considered constraints of the optimization problem. The geometrical dimensions of the wall and the amount of steel reinforcement are used as the design variables. To find the optimum solution, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed. Three numerical examples with different wall heights are used to capture the effect of using different methods of bearing capacity on the optimal construction cost of the RCRWs. The results demonstrate that, in most cases, the final design based on the Meyerhof method corresponds to a lower construction cost. The research findings also reveal that the difference among the optimum costs of the methods is decreased by increasing the wall height.

Bending Stiffener Design Through Structural Optimization

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Loureiro Tanaka ◽  
Lauro Massao Yamada da Silveira ◽  
Joa˜o Paulo Zi´lio Novaes ◽  
Eduardo Esterqui de Barros ◽  
Clo´vis de Arruda Martins
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Load Case ◽  
Shear Forces ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Curvilinear Coordinate ◽  
Regular Design ◽  
Curvature Deformation ◽  
Flexible Risers

Bending stiffeners are very important ancillary equipments of umbilicals or flexible risers, since they protect the lines from overbending. Their design however is a complex task, since many load cases must be taken into account; the structure itself has a section that is variable with curvilinear coordinate. To aid the designer in this task, optimization algorithms can be used to automate the search for the best design. In this work an optimization algorithm is applied to the design of the bending stiffener. First, a bending stiffener model is created, which is capable of simulating different load case conditions and provide, as output, results of interest such as maximum curvature, deformation along the stiffener, shear forces and so on. Then, a bending stiffener design procedure is written as an optimization problem and, for that, objective function, restrictions and design variables defined. Study cases were performed, comparing a regular design with its optimized counterpart, under varying conditions.

scholarly journals An Innovative Optimization Design Procedure for Mechatronic Systems with a Multi-Criteria Formulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 8900
Author(s):  
Cuauhtémoc Morales-Cruz ◽  
Marco Ceccarelli ◽  
Edgar Alfredo Portilla-Flores
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Design ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Heuristic Algorithms ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Concurrent Design ◽  
Mechatronic Systems ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
One Step ◽  
Task Oriented ◽  
And Task

This paper presents an innovative Mechatronic Concurrent Design procedure to address multidisciplinary issues in Mechatronics systems that can concurrently include traditional and new aspects. This approach considers multiple criteria and design variables such as mechanical aspects, control issues, and task-oriented features to formulate a concurrent design optimization problem that is solved using but not limited to heuristic algorithms. Furthermore, as an innovation, this procedure address all considered aspects in one step instead of multiple sequential stages. Finally, this work discusses an example referring to Mechatronic Design to show the procedure performed and the results show its capability.

Optimum Design of Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls

2018 ◽  
pp. 360-378
Author(s):  
Rasim Temür ◽  
Gebrail Bekdaş
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Optimum Design ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Harmony Search ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Slab Thickness ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Cantilever Retaining Walls

Methodologies based on metaheuristic algorithms such as particle swarm optimization, harmony search algorithm, and teaching-learning-based optimization are proposed for optimum design of reinforced concrete cantilever retaining walls. The objective function of optimization is to find a design providing minimum cost, including material and construction costs. For this purpose, the best combination of 11 design variables (heel and toe projections, stem thickness at the top and bottom of a wall, slab thickness and rebar diameters, and spacing between the bars) that satisfy 29 design constraints including stability (overturning, sliding, and bearing) and reinforced concrete design of the wall are searched during the optimization process. The rules of ACI 318 14 (building code requirements for structural concrete) are used for the reinforced concrete design. In order to determine the strengths and weaknesses of algorithms, several different cases are investigated. As conclusions, some suggestions have been obtained that will lead to future work in this field.

Analysis Research of Reinforced Concrete Z-Shaped Column Normal Section Bearing Capacity

2011 ◽  
Vol 94-96 ◽  
pp. 258-261
Author(s):  
Bai Shou Li ◽  
Bin Bo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Concrete Column ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Column ◽  
Normal Section ◽  
Ansys Simulation ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Elastic Curve ◽  
The Difference

In view of the fact that the Z-shaped reinforced concrete column normal section bearing capacity formula has not been clear about the difference stipulation question with other specially column section bearing capacity computation, carries on axial compression-test of the Z- shaped reinforced concrete column with different volume reinforcement characteristic. In this article, established the Z shape column's load - elastic curve, promoted the Z-shaped column normal section bearing capacity formula including section correlation coefficient, and carried on the simulation using the ANSYS finite element software. The result indicated that the ANSYS simulation value was closely with the experimental value and the formula predicted value, and the formula predicted value security, has the high reliability.

scholarly journals Adaptive-Hybrid Harmony Search Algorithm for Multi-Constrained Optimum Eco-Design of Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
Melda Yücel ◽  
Aylin Ece Kayabekir ◽  
Gebrail Bekdaş ◽  
Sinan Melih Nigdeli ◽  
Sanghun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Harmony Search ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Flower Pollination Algorithm ◽  
Local Optimum ◽  
Population Number

In the optimum design of reinforced concrete (RC) structural members, the robustness of the employed method is important as well as solving the optimization problem. In some cases where the algorithm parameters are defined as non-effective values, local-optimum solutions may prevail over the existing global optimum results. Any metaheuristic algorithm can be effective to solve the optimization problem but must give the same results for several runs. Due to the randomization nature of these algorithms, the performance may vary with respect to time. The essential and novel work done in this study is the comparative investigation of 10 different metaheuristic algorithms and two modifications of harmony search (HS) algorithm on the optimum cost design of RC retaining walls constrained with geotechnical and structural state limits. The employed algorithms include classical ones (genetic algorithm (GA), differential evaluation (DE), and particle swarm optimization (PSO)), proved ones on structural engineering applications (harmony search, artificial bee colony, firefly algorithm), and recent algorithms (teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO), flower pollination algorithm (FPA), grey wolf optimization, Jaya algorithm (JA)). The modifications of HS include adaptive HS (AHS) concerning the automatic change of algorithm parameters and hybridization of AHS with JA that is developed for the investigated problem. According to the numerical investigations, recent algorithms such as TLBO, FPA, and JA are generally the best at finding the optimum values with less deviation than the others. The adaptive-hybrid HS proposed in this study is also competitive with these algorithms, while it can reach the best solution by using a lower population number which can lead to timesaving in the optimization process. By the minimization of material used in construction via best optimization, sustainable structures that support multiple types of constraints are provided.

An Embedded Multi-Phase Tactic of Scheduling Autoimmunization for Complex Correlated Production System

2010 ◽  
Vol 439-440 ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Bo Luo ◽  
Ming Chun Tang
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Job Shop ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Scheduling System ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Complex Optimization ◽  
Feasible Solutions ◽  
Optimum Solution ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Machine Allocation

The schedule for job shop system involving the complex correlated constraints is a complex combinatorial optimization problem, for which currently there is no a methodology claiming to have capability to find the optimum solution. Current research concentrate on the search of acceptable feasible solutions. This research proposes an embedded multi-phase methodology to find the acceptable feasible solutions in a higher efficiency. The thinking of the methodology is to decompose the complex optimization problem into two sub problems of the operation sequence and the machine allocation to lower the complexity of the scheduling system and improve the searching efficiency. The two sub problems are solved orderly respectively, and the results of the first sub problem are embedded into the second sub problem as the original values of design variables. Thus these two sub optimization problems are integrated into a searching loop to ensure the feasibility of solution and improve the searching efficiency in the complex correlated system.

scholarly journals Optimization of reinforced concrete beams using Solver tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 910-931
Author(s):  
R. S. CORREIA ◽  
G. F. F. BONO ◽  
G. BONO
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Brazilian Standard

Abstract Due to the development in structural analysis studies, optimization techniques have become part in the design of reinforced concrete structures. Making it possible to design structures with optimized cross-sections. Thus, the present study aims to implement optimization techniques, using the Solver tool, to design procedure of reinforced concrete beams following the precepts of Brazilian Standard ABNT NBR 6118:2014. Focusing to minimize the cost of reinforced concrete beams, where the design variables are the height and width of the beam cross-section and the constraints are imposed by the relevant technical standards and design variables limitations.

Shape Optimization of Hydraulic Structures: an Example of an Optimum Design of a Fish Passage

10.29007/2k64 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat Prodanovic ◽  
Cedric Goeury ◽  
Fabrice Zaoui ◽  
Riadh Ata ◽  
Jacques Fontaine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Shape Optimization ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Optimum Design ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Fish Passage ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Design Variables

This paper presents a practical methodology developed for shape optimization studies of hydraulic structures using environmental numerical modelling codes. The methodology starts by defining the optimization problem and identifying relevant problem constraints. Design variables in shape optimization studies are configuration of structures (such as length or spacing of groins, orientation and layout of breakwaters, etc.) whose optimal orientation is not known a priori. The optimization problem is solved numerically by coupling an optimization algorithm to a numerical model. The coupled system is able to define, test and evaluate a multitude of new shapes, which are internally generated and then simulated using a numerical model. The developed methodology is tested using an example of an optimum design of a fish passage, where the design variables are the length and the position of slots. In this paper an objective function is defined where a target is specified and the numerical optimizer is asked to retrieve the target solution. Such a definition of the objective function is used to validate the developed tool chain. This work uses the numerical model TELEMAC- 2Dfrom the TELEMAC-MASCARET suite of numerical solvers for the solution of shallow water equations, coupled with various numerical optimization algorithms available in the literature.

SETTING A DIAGRAM APPROACH TO CALCULATING VIBRATED, CENTRIFUGED AND VIBROCENTRIFUGED REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS WITH A VARIATROPIC STRUCTURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
Л. Р. Маилян ◽  
С. А. Стельмах ◽  
Е. М. Щербань ◽  
М. П. Нажуев
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Concrete Columns ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Columns ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Concrete Elements ◽  
Diagram Approach

Состояние проблемы. Железобетонные элементы изготавливаются, как правило, по трем основным технологиям - вибрированием, центрифугированием и виброцентрифугированием. Однако все основные расчетные зависимости для определения их несущей способности выведены, исходя из основного постулата - постоянства и равенства характеристик бетона по сечению, что реализуется лишь в вибрированных колоннах. Результаты. В рамках диаграммного подхода предложены итерационный, приближенный и упрощенный способы расчета несущей способности железобетонных вибрированных, центрифугированных и виброцентрифугированных колонн. Выводы. Расчет по диаграммному подходу показал существенно более подходящую сходимость с опытными данными, чем расчет по методике норм, а также дал лучшие результаты при использовании дифференциальных характеристик бетона, чем при использовании интегральных и, тем более, нормативных характеристик бетона. Statement of the problem. Reinforced concrete elements are typically manufactured according to three basic technologies - vibration, centrifugation and vibrocentrifugation. However, all the basic calculated dependencies for determining their bearing capacity were derived using the main postulate, i.e., the constancy and equality of the characteristics of concrete over the cross section, which is implemented only in vibrated columns. Results. Within the framework of the diagrammatic approach, iterative, approximate and simplified methods of calculating the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete vibrated, centrifuged and vibrocentrifuged columns are proposed. Conclusions. The calculation according to the diagrammatic approach showed a significantly better convergence with the experimental data than that using the method of norms, and also performs better when using differential characteristics of concrete than when employing integral and particularly standard characteristics of concrete.

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