scholarly journals Effect of Hybrid Talc-Basalt Fillers in the Shell Layer on Thermal and Mechanical Performance of Co-Extruded Wood Plastic Composites

Materials ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 8510-8523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runzhou Huang ◽  
Changtong Mei ◽  
Xinwu Xu ◽  
Timo Kärki ◽  
Sunyoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Shell Layer ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites

Properties of wood-plastic composites (WPCs) reinforced with extracted and delignified wood flour

Holzforschung ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 933-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Chen ◽  
Nicole M. Stark ◽  
Mandla A. Tshabalala ◽  
Jianmin Gao ◽  
Yongming Fan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Sodium Chlorite ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Acetone Water ◽  
Full Factorial Experimental Design

Abstract The water sorption and mechanical properties of wood-plastic composites (WPCs) made of extracted and delignified wood flour (WF) has been investigated. WF was prepared by extraction with the solvent systems toluene/ethanol (TE), acetone/water (AW), and hot water (HW), and its delignification was conducted by means of sodium chlorite/acetic acid (AA) solution. A 24 full-factorial experimental design was employed to determine the effects of treatments and treatment combinations. WPCs were prepared with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and treated WF was prepared by means of extrusion followed by injection molding, and the water absorption characteristics and mechanical properties of the products were evaluated. WPCs produced with extracted WF had lower water absorption rates and better mechanical properties than those made of untreated WF. WPCs containing delignified WF had higher water absorption rates and improved mechanical performance compared with those made of untreated WF.

scholarly journals The Effect of Varying the Amount of Short Hemp Fibers on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Wood–Plastic Composites from Biobased Polyethylene Processed by Injection Molding

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Celia Dolçà ◽  
Eduardo Fages ◽  
Eloi Gonga ◽  
David Garcia-Sanoguera ◽  
Rafael Balart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Twin Screw

Biobased HDPE (bioHDPE) was melt-compounded with different percentages (2.5 to 40.0 wt.%) of short hemp fibers (HF) as a natural reinforcement to obtain environmentally friendly wood plastic composites (WPC). These WPC were melt-compounded using a twin-screw extrusion and shaped into standard samples by injection molding. To improve the poor compatibility between the high non-polar BioHDPE matrix and the highly hydrophilic lignocellulosic fibers, a malleated copolymer, namely, polyethylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA), was used. The addition of short hemp fibers provided a remarkable increase in the stiffness that, in combination with PE-g-MA, led to good mechanical performance. In particular, 40 wt.% HF drastically increased the Young’s modulus and impact strength of BioHDPE, reaching values of 5275 MPa and 3.6 kJ/m2, respectively, which are very interesting values compared to neat bioHDPE of 826 MPa and 2.0 kJ/m2. These results were corroborated by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) results, which revealed a clear increasing tendency on stiffness with increasing the fiber loading over the whole temperature range. The crystal structure was not altered by the introduction of the natural fibers as could be seen in the XRD patterns in which mainly the heights of the main peaks changed, and only small peaks associated with the presence of the fiber appeared. Analysis of the thermal properties of the composites showed that no differences in melting temperature occurred and the non-isothermal crystallization process was satisfactorily described from the combined Avrami and Ozawa model. As for the thermal degradation, the introduction of HF resulted in the polymer degradation taking place at a higher temperature. As for the change in color of the injected samples, it was observed that the increase in fiber generated a clear modification in the final shades of the pieces, reaching colors very similar to dark woods for percentages higher than 20% HF. Finally, the incorporation of an increasing percentage of fibers also increased water absorption due to its lignocellulosic nature in a linear way, which drastically improved the polarity of the composite

scholarly journals Studies on Mechanical Performance of Wood-Plastic Composites: Polystyrene-Eucalyptus globulus Labill

BioResources ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Flores-Hernández ◽  
José Guillermo Torres-Rendón ◽  
Rosa María Jiménez-Amezcua ◽  
María Guadalupe Lomelí-Ramírez ◽  
Francisco Javier Fuentes-Talavera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites

Gold as an X-ray CT scanning contrast agent: Effect on the mechanical properties of wood plastic composites

Holzforschung ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Lech Muszynski ◽  
John Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Gold Nano Particles

Abstract Wood plastic composites (WPCs) are typically composed of wood particles, thermoplastic polymers and small amounts of additives. Further improvement of WPC technology requires a better understanding of their mechanical performance and durability on the micro level. X-ray computed tomography (CT) and advanced imaging techniques can provide visualization and support characterization of the internal structure, deformation and damage accumulation in WPCs under loading and various environmental exposures. However, both wood and thermoplastics are weakly attenuating materials for X-ray and good contrast between these two components is difficult to obtain. In the present study, chemically inert gold nano-particles and micro-particles were investigated as contrast agents to improve X-ray CT scanning contrast between wood and thermoplastics. The effect of adding 1% (by wt.) gold nano- and micro-particles on the tensile properties of wood/high-density polyethylene composites was addressed. Samples with and without surfactant were tested in tension and scanned on a custom desktop X-ray CT system. It was found that the addition of gold particles did not impair the WPC tensile properties. However, some of the tensile properties were significantly affected if the surfactant was included. Gold micro-particles were shown to disperse well without surfactant and significantly improve the X-ray CT scanning contrast between wood and polymer, while gold nano-particles (without surfactant) did not disperse well and do not contribute to contrast improvement.

scholarly journals Utilization of demolition wood and mineral wool wastes in wood-plastic composites

Detritus ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Petri Jetsu ◽  
Markku Vilkki ◽  
Ismo Tiihonen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Waste Wood ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
A Minor

Wood and mineral wool fractions from demolished buildings were sorted into different categories and processed to the suitable grain size needed for the manufacturing of wood-plastic composites. Processed construction and demolition waste materials mixed with plastics and additives were extruded into hollow test bars using a conical rotary extruder. Test specimens needed for measurements were cut from test bars. The results showed that the mechanical performance of wood-plastic composites based on construction and demolition waste wood, and mineral wool was at a good level and comparable to commonly used wood-plastic composites in decking applications. The highest strength properties of wood-plastic composites were achieved with a plywood fraction and the lowest with materials containing a particle/fibre board fraction. The mechanical performance can be improved by utilizing mineral wool in the formulation of wood-plastic composites. A material mixture containing several wood fractions as well as mineral wool also gave good strength properties. Only a minor reduction in strength properties was measured when recycled plastic was utilized meaning that wood-plastic composites suitable for many types of applications can be produced entirely from recycled materials.

scholarly journals Mechanical performance and long-term indoor stability of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-based wood plastic composites (WPCs) modified by non-reactive additives

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 337-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clement Matthew Chan ◽  
Luigi-Jules Vandi ◽  
Steven Pratt ◽  
Peter Halley ◽  
Desmond Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Reactive Additives

scholarly journals Thermal and Mechanical Behavior of Wood Plastic Composites by Addition of Graphene Nanoplatelets

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingli Zhang ◽  
Jinglan Zhang ◽  
Ruihong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Wood plastic composites (WPCs) incorporating graphene nano-platelets (GNPs) were fabricated using hot-pressed technology to enhance thermal and mechanical behavior. The influences of thermal filler content and temperature on the thermal performance of the modified WPCs were investigated. The results showed that the thermal conductivity of the composites increased significantly with the increase of GNPs fillers, but decreased with the increase of temperature. Moreover, thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that coupling GNPs resulted in better thermal stability of the WPCs. The limiting oxygen index test also showed that addition of GNPs caused good fire retardancy in WPCs. Incorporation of GNPs also led to an improvement in mechanical properties as compared to neat WPCs. Through a series of mechanical performance tests, it could be concluded that the flexural and tensile moduli of WPCs were improved with the increase of the content of fillers.

scholarly journals Thermal decomposition kinetics of core-shell structured wood-plastic composites: Effect of white mud loadings on the shell layer

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 2747-2762
Author(s):  
Yu Xian ◽  
Cuicui Wang ◽  
Ge Wang ◽  
Leemiller Smith ◽  
Haitao Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Shell Layer ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
White Mud ◽  
Kinetics Of

This study inspected the thermal decomposition kinetics of core-shell structured wood-plastic composite material with white mud loading in the shell. The thermal decomposition was studied via thermogravimetric analysis under nitrogen atmosphere. Experiments were performed at different heating rates of 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 °C/min from ambient temperature to 700 °C. Multivariate linear regression analysis was applied to estimate the activation energy with the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa method, and the thermal aging life equations of composites were obtained as described in ASTM E1877 (2000). The results showed that the combustion characteristic parameters (T5%, Tp1, Tp2, and Tp3) increased at first and then decreased with increased white mud concentration. Accordingly, the average apparent activation energy (Ea) values of thermal decomposition with conversion rates ranging between 20% and 80% were 222 kJ/mol for high-density polyethylene (HDPE) shell layer and the average values of 201, 226, 201, 207, and 223 kJ/mol were achieved with white mud loading of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% in the shell layer, respectively. There were no remarkable dependencies among them. The service life tf (min) and the service temperature T (K) of the core-shell structured wood-plastic composites were experimentally determined.

Development of Enviromental Friendly Flame Retardants for Wood Plastic Composites (WPC)

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 1880-1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Gui Liu ◽  
Yuan Lin Ren ◽  
Er Ying Dong
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Halogen Free ◽  
Resistance To Heat

Wood-plastic composites (WPC), a fast growing class of material used by the furniture and building industry for its excellent mechanical performance and functionality. However, WPC is easily combust because the raw material of it, i.e. wood and plastic burns so easily which result in more fire dangers of WPC. Unfortunately, in the case of WPC, few researchers have carried out to reduce its flammability which still has a long way to go. In this paper, the current development of halogen-free flame retardant WPC at domestic and abroad was reviewed. Especially, the fire retarded WPC with phosphorus, nitrogen, boron, silicon and other flame retardant elements, the fire retarded mechanism, the problems, such as poor compatability, bad resistance to heat and limitation of wood adding quantity, and the solution to the problems were emphasized.

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