scholarly journals The Analysis of Polyethylene Hip Joint Endoprostheses Strength Parameters Changes after Use inside the Human Body

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7091
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Szarek ◽  
Przemysław Postawa ◽  
Tomasz Stachowiak ◽  
Piotr Paszta ◽  
Joanna Redutko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Human Body ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Hip Prostheses ◽  
Amorphous Phases ◽  
Hip Diseases ◽  
Human Motor

The influence of dynamic loads resulting from human motor activity and electrocorrosion inside the human body on the strength parameters of artificial joint elements has not yet been investigated. Hip joint arthroplasty is the most common surgical procedure in the world that allows doctors to remove pain and restore motor skills in people with severe hip diseases, after accidents, and in the elderly. Based on the reports, this article assesses changes in the number of implanted endoprostheses in the years 2005–2019 and determines the trends and estimated changes in the number of implanted hip prostheses in the following decades. The study assesses changes in selected strength parameters of UHMW-PE polyethylene inserts of hip joint endoprostheses during their use in the human body. The research was carried out on appropriately collected samples from UHMW-PE cups removed from the human body with a known history and lifetime from 4 to 10 years. Patients’ body weight ranged from 735 [N] to 820 [N], and the declared physical activity was similar in the entire research group. As part of the research, the values of changes in dynamic modules and the mechanical loss coefficient were determined in relation to the share of the crystalline and amorphous phases of artificial UHMW-PE cups, removed from the human body after different periods of exploitation under similar operating conditions. The analysis of selected strength parameters was performed at a temperature of 40 °C, which corresponds to the working conditions inside the human body. On the basis of numerical studies, the influence of changes in material parameters on the deformation of the artificial acetabulum during the patient’s motor activity, which is one of the causes of fatigue destruction, was determined.

scholarly journals Materials for Hip Prostheses: A Review of Wear and Loading Considerations

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Merola ◽  
Saverio Affatato
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Hip Implants ◽  
Hip Prostheses ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Current State ◽  
Frictional Forces ◽  
Key Aspects

Replacement surgery of hip joint consists of the substitution of the joint with an implant able to recreate the articulation functionality. This article aims to review the current state of the art of the biomaterials used for hip implants. Hip implants can be realized with different combination of materials, such as metals, ceramics and polymers. In this review, we analyze, from international literature, the specific characteristics required for biomaterials used in hip joint arthroplasty, i.e., being biocompatible, resisting heavy stress, opposing low frictional forces to sliding and having a low wear rate. A commentary on the evolution and actual existing hip prostheses is proposed. We analyzed the scientific literature, collecting information on the material behavior and the human-body response to it. Particular attention has been given to the tribological behavior of the biomaterials, as friction and wear have been key aspects to improve as hip implants evolve. After more than 50 years of evolution, in term of designs and materials, the actual wear rate of the most common implants is low, allowing us to sensibly reduce the risk related to the widespread debris distribution in the human body.

The Analysis of Hip Joint Prosthesis Head Microstructure Changes during Variable Stress State as a Result of Human Motor Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 600-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Szarek ◽  
Grzegorz Stradomski ◽  
J. Włodarski
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Joint Prosthesis ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Hip Joint Endoprosthesis ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Numerical Tool ◽  
Scanning Electron

The paper present the analysis of metal prosthesis head stress state of hip joint endoprosthesis which is a result of variable loads during human motor activity and its influence on the erosion of materials. The analysis of stress state was made with use of FEM – ADINA numerical tool. The analysis of surface erosion process was made with use of the scanning electron microscope. To the researches was taken for heads from CoCrMo bearing shell and polyethylene UHMWPE.

Assessment of Mechanical Parameters of PMMA Used in Human Body

2011 ◽  
Vol 409 ◽  
pp. 877-882
Author(s):  
A. Szarek
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Fatigue Load ◽  
Prosthesis Loosening ◽  
Complex Character ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Mechanical Loss Factor

Commercially available acrylic cement which has been popular in orthopaedics in the nineties of the recent century (SIMPLEX P, manufactured by HOWMEDICA LIMERICK) was used in the study. The choice of this material was caused by the fact that the average period of operation of cement prostheses in human body amounts to ca. 12 years and large percentage of prostheses implanted in this period is destabilized in the bone. The investigations focused on assessment of changes in strength parameters of PMMA used in human body over a period of 10 years and their effect on prosthesis loosening. In order to determine differences in strength parameters of the cement, directly after polymerization and after a particular period of use in human body, a series of tests were carried out, aimed at determination of the effect of aggressive environment inside human body and fatigue load which results from human motor activity on changes in strength parameters in PMMA. PMMA samples (30 days after polymerization, stored in saline solution) and the samples removed from human body due to aseptic loosening were used for comparison of strength. Due to a very complex character of operation and specific load, were tested in order to determine the dynamic properties by means of DMTA method, thus to determine the storage modulus E’ and the mechanical loss factor tgδ, responsible for dispersion of mechanical energy.

scholarly journals MANAGING ARTHRITIS JOINT PAIN AND HYPERTENSION IN ELDERLY WITH HEALTH EDUCATION VIDEO

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
Weeke Budhyanti ◽  
Lucky Anggiat ◽  
Citra Puspa Juwita
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Educational Video ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Educational Videos ◽  
And Function

The  purpose  of  the study. Arthritis of the joint and hypertension are two conditions that the elderly are prone to face. Both of these conditions affect the movement and function of the human body. The Physiotherapy study program considers it important to continue to provide service to the elderly community in Kelurahan Cawang, which is a fostered area of the Fakultas Vokasi. Materials and methods. Program socialization with health education videos for the elderly exercises for arthritis pain and hypertension were options to continue providing community service during a pandemic. Empowerment of public health agents and families is also carried out to disseminate information about the health of the elderly in terms of hypertension and arthritis pain which are prepared by lecturers of the physiotherapy study program. Results. With the health educational video, the elderly still pay attention to their health even though they are not as effective as usual. Conclusions. As conclusion, the elderly still felt helped and were enthusiastic about participating in the health educational videos provided by the lecturers.

scholarly journals The dynamics of the study and promotion of human motor activity: phase transition in EEFE-USP?

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Edison De Jesus Manoel
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Activity Phase ◽  
Human Motor

Nos anos 60, o questionamento do “status” da Educação Física no sistema universitário norteamericano foi respondido com argumentos em favor de que ela se constituía numa disciplina acadêmica cujo objeto de estudo seria atividade motora humana. Nos anos 70, foi proposta a área de “Human Movement Studies” na Grã-Bretanha. Nos anos 80, houve uma proliferação de propostas em vários continentes tais como “Human Movement Science” “Kinanthropology” “Motricidade Humana”, sendo “Kinesiology” o termo de maior impacto no sistema universitário norte-americano, onde inúmeros departamentos de Educação Física passaram a adotá-lo. A ordem gerada pelo movimento da disciplina acadêmica da Educação m Física caracterizou-se por uma compreensão mais abrangente e integrada dos fenômenos típicos da atividade motora humana. A desordem gerada ficou por conta do gradual distanciamento da área acadêmica “Kinesiology” da profissão Educação Física, a ponto de nos anos 90 haver um novo questionamento do “status” acadêmico da Educação Física na universidade. O presente trabalho discute alguns aspectos da evolução da Educação Física no âmbito acadêmico e universitário com enfoque na Escola de Educação Física e Esporte da Universidade de São Paulo. O desenvolvimento da área acadêmica da Educação Física foi baseado no paradigma reducionista da Ciência clássica. O progresso da área depende, no entanto, de uma mudança de paradigma com o estabelecimento de áreas integrativas com orientação sistêmica ou à complexidade onde as ciências básica e aplicada e tecnologia são integradas de forma dinâmica. A análise da trajetória da EEFE-USP sugere que ela deu passos importantes em tal direção em face do que poderia ser caracterizado uma transição de fase na estrutura acadêmica da instituição no início dos anos 90

Metabolic Methanol: Molecular Pathways and Physiological Roles

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 603-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri L. Dorokhov ◽  
Anastasia V. Shindyapina ◽  
Ekaterina V. Sheshukova ◽  
Tatiana V. Komarova
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Adenosyl Methionine ◽  
Low Levels

Methanol has been historically considered an exogenous product that leads only to pathological changes in the human body when consumed. However, in normal, healthy individuals, methanol and its short-lived oxidized product, formaldehyde, are naturally occurring compounds whose functions and origins have received limited attention. There are several sources of human physiological methanol. Fruits, vegetables, and alcoholic beverages are likely the main sources of exogenous methanol in the healthy human body. Metabolic methanol may occur as a result of fermentation by gut bacteria and metabolic processes involving S-adenosyl methionine. Regardless of its source, low levels of methanol in the body are maintained by physiological and metabolic clearance mechanisms. Although human blood contains small amounts of methanol and formaldehyde, the content of these molecules increases sharply after receiving even methanol-free ethanol, indicating an endogenous source of the metabolic methanol present at low levels in the blood regulated by a cluster of genes. Recent studies of the pathogenesis of neurological disorders indicate metabolic formaldehyde as a putative causative agent. The detection of increased formaldehyde content in the blood of both neurological patients and the elderly indicates the important role of genetic and biochemical mechanisms of maintaining low levels of methanol and formaldehyde.

scholarly journals Radiographic analysis of subclinical appearances of the hip joint among patients with labral tears

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisaki Aiba ◽  
Nobuyuki Watanabe ◽  
Muneyoshi Fukuoka ◽  
Ikuo Wada ◽  
Hideki Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Radiographic Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Labral Tears ◽  
Labrum Tear ◽  
Hip Diseases ◽  
Subsequent Conversion ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Herniation Pit

Abstract Objective Labral tears can be complicated by hip diseases, including osteoarthritis or femoral acetabular impingement. To accurately plan hip arthroscopy or subsequent conversion to total hip arthroplasty, the presence of bony abnormalities in the hip joint must be evaluated. This study aimed to elucidate the utility of multiplanar reconstruction computed tomography (mCT) for the detection of subclinical coincidence of osteoarthritis or femoral acetabular impingement with a labrum tear. Materials and methods We retrospectively analysed 34 patients (36 hips) with labrum tears without apparent osteoarthritis or hip dysplasia from 2012 to 2015. The joint spaces were calculated using radiographs or mCT, and the detection rates of degenerative cyst and herniation pit were compared. Results Narrow joint spaces (< 2 mm) were more clearly detected in mCT (p < 0.05, chi-square analysis) than in radiographs. The detection rate of cysts in the acetabulum was 8.3% using radiographs and 36.1% using mCT (p < 0.001, chi-square analysis). Additionally, the detection of herniation pit was 8.3% and 25.0% using radiographs and mCT, respectively (p = 0.053, chi-square analysis). Conclusion We performed the radiographic analysis of patients with labral tears using radiographs and mCT. The mCT allowed for fine detection of narrow joint spaces and subtle subclinical appearances. The results of this study may provide surgeons with more appropriate strategies for the treatment of labral tears.

Finite element modeling and simulation of hip joints in elderly women: for development of protective clothing against fracture

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-675
Author(s):  
Jinhee Park ◽  
Yun Ja Nam
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Protective Devices ◽  
Joint Fracture

PurposeFracture experiments on real human bodies to examine the protected positions and protective devices for the development of protective clothing to manage fractures is exceedingly difficult. Thus, the experimental design will have limitations, more of which are imposed if subjects are elderly people. To circumvent these limitations, this study proposes a finite element model of the hip joint in elderly women with virtual impact simulations that can replace actual fall and impact tests, and examine the positions and characteristics of fractures resulting from taking a fall.Design/methodology/approachThe hip joints were modeled after the average horizontal surface size and cross-sectional shapes of the lower extremities (waist to knee) in 439 elderly Korean women in that age group. The model was composed of bones, cartilages, and soft tissue.FindingsThe fracture was examined by comparing the maximum stress on the hip joint by applying a point force to its adjacent surface. The vulnerable part in the hip joint neck with a high risk of fracture risk on an impact could be determined and used to set the protective device attachment position.Originality/valueIt is significant that this study has developed a partial model of the human body that can be used for a relatively simple simulation by minimizing the highly complex human body as much as possible. Furthermore, the model is easily applicable to the designing of protected positions and protective devices for the development of special clothing, for hip joint fracture prevention.

scholarly journals Optimal Level of Assistance and Weight of Hip-joint Wearable Robot Considering Influences to the Human Body

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (22) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Yoosuk Kim ◽  
Sungwon Shin ◽  
Kyoungchul Kong ◽  
Dyhyun Han
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Wearable Robot

Effects of Ageing on the Motor Unit: A Brief Review

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Doherty ◽  
Anthony A. Vandervoort ◽  
William F. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Key Words Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Current State ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
And Function

This review briefly summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding age related changes in skeletal muscle, followed by a more in-depth review of ageing effects on animal and human motor units (MUs). Ageing in humans is generally associated with reductions in muscle mass (atrophy), leading to reduced voluntary and electrically evoked contractile strength by the 7th decade for most muscle groups studied. As well, contraction and one-half relaxation times are typically prolonged in muscles of the elderly. Evidence from animal and human studies points toward age associated MU loss as the primary mechanism for muscle atrophy, and such losses may be greatest among the largest and fastest MUs. However, based on studies in animals and humans, it appears that at least some of the surviving MUs are able to partially compensate for MU losses, as indicated by an increase in the average MU size with age. The fact that muscles in the elderly have fewer, but on average larger and slower, MUs has important implications for motor control and function in this population. Key words: skeletal muscle, motor neuron, motor axon, contractile properties, adaptation

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