scholarly journals High AC and DC Electroconductivity of Scalable and Economic Graphite–Diamond Polylactide Nanocomposites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2835
Author(s):  
Jacek Fal ◽  
Katarzyna Bulanda ◽  
Mariusz Oleksy ◽  
Jolanta Sobczak ◽  
Jinwen Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrical Permittivity ◽  
Magnitude Improvement

Two types of graphite/diamond (GD) particles with different ash content was applied to prepare new electroconductive polylactide (PLA)-based nanocomposites. Four samples of nanocomposites for each type of GD particles with mass fraction 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 were prepared via an easily scalable method—melt blending. The samples were subjected to the studies of electrical properties via broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The results indicated up to eight orders of magnitude improvement in the electrical conductivity and electrical permittivity of the most loaded nanocomposites, in reference to the neat PLA. Additionally, the influence of ash content on the electrical conductivity of the nanocomposites revealed that technologically less-demanding fillers, i.e., of higher ash content, were the most beneficial in the light of nanofiller dispersibility and the final properties.

scholarly journals Broadband dielectric spectroscopy for monitoring temperature-dependent chloride ion motion in BiOCl plates

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Radoń ◽  
Dariusz Łukowiec ◽  
Patryk Włodarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Free Chloride ◽  
Structure Rebuilding

AbstractThe dielectric properties and electrical conduction mechanism of bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) plates synthesized using chloramine-T as the chloride ion source were investigated. Thermally-activated structure rebuilding was monitored using broadband dielectric spectroscopy, which showed that the onset temperature of this process was 283 K. This rebuilding was related to the introduction of free chloride ions into [Bi2O2]2+ layers and their growth, which increased the intensity of the (101) diffraction peak. The electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity were related to the movement of chloride ions between plates (in the low-frequency region), the interplanar motion of Cl− ions at higher frequencies, vibrations of these ions, and charge carrier hopping at frequencies above 10 kHz. The influence of the free chloride ion concentration on the electrical conductivity was also described. Structure rebuilding was associated with a lower concentration of free chloride ions, which significantly decreased the conductivity. According to the analysis, the BiOCl plate conductivity was related to the movement of Cl− ions, not electrons.

scholarly journals The Study of The Electrical Conductivity and Activation Energy on Conductive Polymer Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Balqyz Lovelila Hermansyah Azari ◽  
Totok Wicaksono ◽  
Jihan Febryan Damayanti ◽  
Dheananda Fyora Hermansyah Azari
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Conductive Polymers ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Electrical Conductivity Measurement

Conductive Polymers are one of the interesting topics to be developed in recent years. Conductive polymers can combine the properties of polymers and the electrical properties of metals. Research related to the electrical properties of conductive polymers, including electrical conductivity measurements and determination of activation energy has been carried out. This study aims to determine the effect of addition mass fraction of activated carbon into the nylon polymer on the conductive polymer material based on the electrical conductivity and activation energy. The variations of activated carbon used are 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10% (wt/V). The conductive polymer from nylon polymer and activated carbon is made by casting solution method. The electrical conductivity measurement of the conductive polymer and the activation energy was carried out using the parallel plate method. The value of electrical conductivity increased from 5.62×10-9 ± 1.89×10-10 S/cm for the pure nylon to 2.51×10-8 ± 2.87×10-10 S/cm for the addition of mass fraction of activated carbon 8% wt/V. Meanwhile, there was a decrease in the addition of 9% wt/V and 10% wt/V of mass fraction of activated carbon, which were 2.36×10-8 ± 3.47×10-10 S/cm and 2.28×10-8 ± 4.01×10-10 S/cm. The activation energy of conductive polymer obtained decreased with increasing in the mass fraction of the activated carbon into the nylon polymer. The activation energy for the pure nylon was 0.0189 eV and 0.0127 eV for the addition of 8% wt/V mass fraction of activated carbon. Meanwhile, there was an increase in the addition of 9% wt/V and 10% wt/V mass fractions of activated carbon of 0.0145 eV and 0.0150 eV, respectively.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTRONIC EXPOSURE AND HEAT TREATMENT ON THE ELECTROCONDUCTIVITY OF EPOXYPOLYMER MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (23) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Yuliia Udovytska ◽  
Sergiy Luniov ◽  
Vitalii Kashytskyi ◽  
Volodymyr Maslyuk ◽  
Ivan Megela
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Thermal Destruction ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Cross Linking

The influence of electron irradiation fluxes with energy of 12 MeV and heat treatment on the electrical properties of epoxypolymers with PEPA content of 11, 12 and 13 wt.h. per 100 wt. including epoxy resin. It is show that the electrical conductivity of epoxypolymer increases with electron irradiation fluxes greater than 10 kGy. It  found that extra heat treatment of irradiated samples with a hardener content of 12 wt. h. hours leads to an increase in their electrical conductivity. The nature of the obtained dependences of electrical conductivity is determine by the processes of cross-linking, radiation, thermal destruction and mass fraction of the hardener. Radiation-stimulated increase in the conductivity of epoxypolymers can be use to create conductive protective coatings and sensor electronics elements

The potential of fracture imaging using high‐frequency, single‐hole electromagnetic data

Geophysics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1087-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon Jee Seol ◽  
Jung Hee Suh ◽  
Yoonho Song ◽  
Hee Joon Kim ◽  
Ki Ha Lee
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Thin Sheet ◽  
Integral Equation Method ◽  
Displacement Current ◽  
High Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Single Hole ◽  
Electrical Permittivity

This paper presents an inversion scheme for high‐frequency electromagnetic (EM) data from a single borehole for detection and characterization of fluid‐filled fractures. Water in the fracture zone may be characterized by its high electrical permittivity and, if saline, by high electrical conductivity. High electrical conductivity results in increased attenuation of EM fields, whereas high electrical permittivity reduces the phase velocity of propagating EM fields. Taking advantage of these effects, we use high‐frequency EM fields to detect and characterize fluid‐filled fractures. To demonstrate the feasibility of single‐hole EM imaging, we develop a three‐step inversion scheme to map a fluid‐filled fracture near the borehole and to evaluate its electrical conductivity and permittivity. We assume that a fluid‐filled fracture can be simulated by a conductive thin sheet. To test our inversion scheme, we generated synthetic data using the thin‐sheet integral equation method. A vertical magnetic dipole was used as a source, and the resultant magnetic fields were inverted using a nonlinear least‐squares method. First, the background conductivity and permittivity were obtained using vertical magnetic field data from below and above the transition frequency, at which conduction and displacement current magnitudes are equal. Next, using the phase difference between EM fields at two neighboring frequencies in the wave propagation realm, both the vertical and dipping sheets were successfully mapped using NMO and migration techniques. Electrical properties of the sheet were well resolved by subsequent inversion after having fixed the location of the sheet and host electrical properties. This study shows the potential of imaging the fracture using high‐frequency EM data obtained from single‐hole surveys.

scholarly journals Breakdown Performance and Partial Discharge Development in Transformer Oil-Based Metal Carbide Nanofluids

Nanomaterials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Konstantinos N. Koutras ◽  
Sokratis N. Tegopoulos ◽  
Vasilios P. Charalampakos ◽  
Apostolos Kyritsis ◽  
Ioannis F. Gonos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Partial Discharge ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Spectroscopy Technique ◽  
Sic Nanoparticles ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy

In this work, the influence of semi-conductive SiC nanoparticles on the AC breakdown voltage and partial discharge development in natural ester oil FR3 is examined. Primarily, the dielectric constant and the electrical conductivity of the nanoparticles are measured following the broadband dielectric spectroscopy technique. The nanoparticles are added into the matrix following the ultrasonication process in three weight percentage ratios in order for their effect to be evaluated as a function of their concentration inside the base oil. The processing of the results reveals that the nanofluid containing SiC nanoparticles at 0.004% w/w demonstrates the highest AC dielectric strength improvement and shows the greatest resistance to the appearance of partial discharge activity. The mechanisms behind the aforementioned results are discussed in detail and confirmed by the broadband dielectric spectroscopy technique, which reveals that this particular nanofluid sample is characterized by lower dielectric constant and electrical conductivity than the one with double the weight percentage ratio.

Effect of Gamma Radiation on Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of nanostructured CdHgTe Thin Films

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Babu ◽  
K Mohanraj ◽  
S Chandrasekar ◽  
N Senthil Kumar ◽  
B Mohanbabu
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Optical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Deposition Technique ◽  
Polycrystalline Structure ◽  
Dc Electrical Conductivity

CdHgTe thin films were grown onto glass substrate via the Chemical bath deposition technique. XRD results indicate that a CdHgTe formed with a cubic polycrystalline structure. The crystallinity of CdHgTe thin films is gradually deteriorate with increasing the gamma irradiation. EDS spectrums confirms the presence of Cd, Hg and Te elements. DC electrical conductivity results depicted the conductivity of CdHgTe increase with increasing a gamma ray dosage

Effect of the structure of cellulose acetate membranes on their permeability, electrical conductivity and rejection

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 2933-2939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Hartmut Schwarz ◽  
Vlastimil Kůdela ◽  
Klaus Richau
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Membrane ◽  
Structure Parameters ◽  
Dc Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Membranes

Ultrafiltration cellulose acetate membrane can be transformed by annealing into reverse osmosis membranes (RO type). Annealing brings about changes in structural properties of the membranes, accompanied by changes in their permeability behaviour and electrical properties. Correlations between structure parameters and electrochemical properties are shown for the temperature range 20-90 °C. Relations have been derived which explain the role played by the dc electrical conductivity in the characterization of rejection ability of the membranes in the reverse osmosis, i.e. rRO = (1 + exp (A-B))-1, where exp A and exp B are statistically significant correlation functions of electrical conductivity and salt permeation, or of electrical conductivity and water flux through the membrane, respectively.

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