scholarly journals Development of Flexible and Functional Sequins Using Subtractive Technology and 3D Printing for Embroidered Wearable Textile Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2633
Author(s):  
Ramona Nolden ◽  
Kerstin Zöll ◽  
Anne Schwarz-Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Additive Technology ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Conductive Materials ◽  
Wax Printing

Embroidery is often the preferred technology when rigid circuit boards need to be connected to sensors and electrodes by data transmission lines and integrated into textiles. Moreover, conventional circuit boards, like Lilypad Arduino, commonly lack softness and flexibility. One approach to overcome this drawback can be flexible sequins as a substrate carrier for circuit boards. In this paper, such an approach of the development of flexible and functional sequins and circuit boards for wearable textile applications using subtractive and additive technology is demonstrated. Applying these techniques, one-sided sequins and circuit boards are produced using wax printing and etching copper-clad foils, as well as using dual 3D printing of conventional isolating and electrically conductive materials. The resulting flexible and functional sequins are equipped with surface mounted devices, applied to textiles by an automated embroidery process and contacted with a conductive embroidery thread.

scholarly journals Protein and Polysaccharide-Based Electroactive and Conductive Materials for Biomedical Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4499
Author(s):  
Xiao Hu ◽  
Samuel Ricci ◽  
Sebastian Naranjo ◽  
Zachary Hill ◽  
Peter Gawason
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Conductive Materials ◽  
Production Strategies ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Material Sciences ◽  
Novel Drug

Electrically responsive biomaterials are an important and emerging technology in the fields of biomedical and material sciences. A great deal of research explores the integral role of electrical conduction in normal and diseased cell biology, and material scientists are focusing an even greater amount of attention on natural and hybrid materials as sources of biomaterials which can mimic the properties of cells. This review establishes a summary of those efforts for the latter group, detailing the current materials, theories, methods, and applications of electrically conductive biomaterials fabricated from protein polymers and polysaccharides. These materials can be used to improve human life through novel drug delivery, tissue regeneration, and biosensing technologies. The immediate goal of this review is to establish fabrication methods for protein and polysaccharide-based materials that are biocompatible and feature modular electrical properties. Ideally, these materials will be inexpensive to make with salable production strategies, in addition to being both renewable and biocompatible.

scholarly journals Polyamide 12/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube and Carbon Black Nanocomposites Manufactured by 3D Printing Fused Filament Fabrication: A Comparison of the Electrical, Thermoelectric, and Mechanical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Nectarios Vidakis ◽  
Markos Petousis ◽  
Lazaros Tzounis ◽  
Emmanuel Velidakis ◽  
Nikolaos Mountakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Polyamide 12

In this study, nanocomposites with polyamide 12 (PA12) as the polymer matrix and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and carbon black (CB) at different loadings (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 wt.%) as fillers, were produced in 3D printing filament form by melt mixing extrusion process. The filament was then used to build specimens with the fused filament fabrication (FFF) three-dimensional (3D) printing process. The aim was to produce by FFF 3D printing, electrically conductive and thermoelectric functional specimens with enhanced mechanical properties. All nanocomposites’ samples were electrically conductive at filler loadings above the electrical percolation threshold. The highest thermoelectric performance was obtained for the PA12/CNT nanocomposite at 10.0 wt.%. The static tensile and flexural mechanical properties, as well as the Charpy’s impact and Vickers microhardness, were determined. The highest improvement in mechanical properties was observed for the PA12/CNT nanocomposites at 5.0 wt.% filler loading. The fracture mechanisms were identified by fractographic analyses of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images acquired from fractured surfaces of tensile tested specimens. The nanocomposites produced could find a variety of applications such as; 3D-printed organic thermoelectric materials for plausible large-scale thermal energy harvesting applications, resistors for flexible circuitry, and piezoresistive sensors for strain sensing.

Development of 3D Printing Technology with Ceramic Paste and Study of Properties of Printed Corundum Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 1040 ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
Andrey S. Dolgin ◽  
Aleksei I. Makogon ◽  
Sergey P. Bogdanov
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ceramic Technology ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Additive Technology ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Manufacturing Time

Today 3D printing with ceramics is a promising direction in the development of additive technologies. In this work, we have developed a technology for printing with ceramic pastes based on aluminum oxide and wax, namely: an extruder for printing with ceramic pastes was modeled and manufactured, the composition of the slip was selected and the paste for printing was made. After choosing the print parameters, test samples were printed: a disk and a box. Since 3D printing with ceramics is just one of the stages of manufacturing ceramic products, then we selected the parameters for drying and sintering the raw material. Drying of products is necessary to burn off an excess amount of a binder (paraffin), and due to sintering; the raw material acquires final strength and mechanical characteristics. After sintering, the sintering parameters and physical and mechanical properties of the products were measured. The microstructure of the printed products was studied using scanning electron microscopy. The phase change during sintering was studied by X-ray analysis. All obtained properties were compared with a reference sample (corundum tile made of aluminum oxide of the same grade, but using traditional ceramic technology, including pressing, drying and sintering of the product). In terms of all properties, the printed ceramics are not significantly inferior to the reference sample; however, in general, the additive technology has more advantages, such as a wide variety of shapes, shorter manufacturing time for parts, and lower energy costs.

Additive technology applied to the realization of K-band microwave terminations: reproducibility improvement

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Azar Maalouf ◽  
Ronan Gingat ◽  
Vincent Laur
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
Rectangular Waveguide ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Support Material ◽  
Additive Technology ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
K Band

This study examines K-band rectangular waveguide terminations with three-dimensional (3D)-printed loads, and proposes an Asymmetrical Tapered Wedge topology. This geometry shows a good tradeoff between microwave performance and 3D-printing issues (printing directions and support material requirements), thus improving noticeably the reproducibility of the devices. The effect of the density of the 3D-printed load on the reflection parameter of the termination was investigated. Even for a low density, reflection level remained below −27.5 dB between 18 and 26.5 GHz. Reproducibility was demonstrated by the characterization of six loads that were 3D printed under the same conditions. Measurements demonstrate that a maximum reflection parameter level of −33.5 dB can be ensured over the whole frequency band without any post-machining of the 3D-printed devices.

scholarly journals Investigating the rheology of 2D titanium carbide (MXene) dispersions for colloidal processing: Progress and challenges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Greaves ◽  
Mana Mende ◽  
Jiacheng Wang ◽  
Wenji Yang ◽  
Suelen Barg
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Titanium Carbide ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Colloidal Processing ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Rheological Analysis ◽  
Rheological Data ◽  
2D And 3D

AbstractAmong 2D materials, MXenes (especially their most studied member, titanium carbide) present a unique opportunity for application via colloidal processing, as they are electrically conductive and chemically active, whilst still being easily dispersed in water. And since the first systematic study of colloidal MXene rheology was published in 2018 (Rheological Characteristics of 2D Titanium Carbide (MXene) Dispersions: A Guide for Processing MXenes by Akuzum, et al.), numerous works have presented small amounts of rheological data which together contribute to a deeper understanding of the topic. This work reviews the published rheological data on all MXene-containing formulations, including liquid crystals, mixtures and non-aqueous colloids, which have been used in processes such as stamping, patterning, 2D and 3D printing. An empirical model of aqueous titanium carbide viscosity has been developed, and recommendations are made to help researchers more effectively present their data for future rheological analysis. Graphic abstract

Electrically Conductive Materials for Nerve Regeneration

2016 ◽  
pp. 145-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth M. Steel ◽  
Harini G. Sundararaghavan
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Conductive Materials
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