scholarly journals Grouting below Subterranean Water: Erosional Stability Test

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2333
Author(s):  
Jiří Boštík ◽  
Lumír Miča ◽  
Ivailo Terzijski ◽  
Mirnela Džaferagić ◽  
Augustin Leiter
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mechanical Effect ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Erosion Stability ◽  
Specimen Weight ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Activated Bentonite ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Subterranean Water

The article is focused on the medium-term negative effect of groundwater on the underground grout elements. This is the physical–mechanical effect of groundwater, which is known as erosion. We conduct a laboratory verification of the erosional resistance of grout mixtures. A new test apparatus was designed and developed, since there is no standardized method for testing at present. An erosion stability test of grout mixtures and the technical solutions of the apparatus for the test’s implementation are described. This apparatus was subsequently used for the experimental evaluation of the erosional stability of silicate grout mixtures. Grout mixtures with activated and non-activated bentonite are tested. The stabilizing effect of cellulose relative to erosion stability has been also investigated. The specimens of grout mixtures are exposed to flowing water stress for a certain period of time. The erosional stabilities of the grout mixtures are assessed on the basis of weight loss (WL) as a percentage of initial specimen weight. The lower the grout mixture weight loss, the higher its erosional stability and vice versa.

scholarly journals High Preoperative Depression, Phobic Anxiety, and Binge Eating Scores and Low Medium-Term Weight Loss in Sleeve Gastrectomy Obese Patients: A Preliminary Cohort Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Brunault ◽  
David Jacobi ◽  
Vaïda Miknius ◽  
Céline Bourbao-Tournois ◽  
Noël Huten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Phobic Anxiety

scholarly journals Obesity: systemic and pulmonary complications, biochemical abnormalities, and impairment of lung function

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnaldo José Lopes ◽  
Thiago Thomaz Mafort ◽  
Rogério Rufino ◽  
Cláudia Henrique Costa
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Mechanical Effect ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
The Impact

Obesity is currently one of the major epidemics of this millennium and affects individuals throughout the world. It causes multiple systemic complications, some of which result in severe impairment of organs and tissues. These complications involve mechanical changes caused by the accumulation of adipose tissue and the numerous cytokines produced by adipocytes. Obesity also significantly interferes with respiratory function by decreasing lung volume, particularly the expiratory reserve volume and functional residual capacity. Because of the ineffectiveness of the respiratory muscles, strength and resistance may be reduced. All these factors lead to inspiratory overload, which increases respiratory effort, oxygen consumption, and respiratory energy expenditure. It is noteworthy that patterns of body fat distribution significantly influence the function of the respiratory system, likely via the direct mechanical effect of fat accumulation in the chest and abdominal regions. Weight loss caused by various types of treatment, including low-calorie diet, intragastric balloon, and bariatric surgery, significantly improves lung function and metabolic syndrome and reduces body mass index. Despite advances in the knowledge of pulmonary and systemic complications associated with obesity, longitudinal randomized studies are needed to assess the impact of weight loss on metabolic syndrome and lung function.

scholarly journals Increased physical activity does not improve obesity-induced decreases in muscle quality in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 1802-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Seebacher ◽  
Rob S. James
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Myosin Heavy Chain ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Muscle Contractile

Obesity has a negative effect on muscle contractile function, and the effects of obesity are not reversed by weight loss. It is therefore important to determine how muscle function can be restored, and exercise is the most promising approach. We tested the hypothesis (in zebrafish, Danio rerio) that moderate aerobic exercise (forced swimming for 30 min/day, raising metabolic rates to at least twice resting levels) will alleviate the negative effects of obesity on muscle function. We allocated zebrafish randomly to experimental treatments in a fully factorial design with diet treatment [three levels: lean control, diet-induced obese, obese followed by weight loss (obese-lean)], and exercise (exercise and sedentary control) as independent factors. Treatments were conducted for 10 wk, and we measured locomotor performance, isolated muscle mechanics, and myosin heavy chain composition. Obesity led to decreased muscle force production per unit area ( P = 0.01), and slowed muscle contraction ( P = 0.004) and relaxation rates ( P = 0.02). These effects were not reversible by weight loss or exercise. However, at the level implemented in our experimental animals, neither diet nor exercise affected swimming performance or myosin heavy chain concentrations. The moderate levels of exercise we implemented therefore are not sufficient to reverse the effects of obesity on muscle function, and higher intensity or a combination of modes of exercise may be necessary to improve muscle quality during obesity and following weight loss. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Obesity can have a negative effect on muscle function and thereby compromise mobility. Even though aerobic exercise has many physiological benefits in obese and normal-weight individuals, we show that in zebrafish aerobic exercise does not improve obesity-induced reductions in muscle contractile function. A combination between different modes of exercise may be more effective than aerobic exercise alone.

Monitoring your weight-loss process online: prior weight-loss experiences, online social support and subsequent weight-loss success (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lun Li ◽  
Qiuju Yin ◽  
Zhijun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Online Social Support ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Successful Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Loss Success ◽  
Failed Weight Loss ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND Online weight-loss communities (OWCs) have been becoming increasingly popular for weight management, which enable individuals to monitor (i.e. self-monitoring) and discuss (i.e. social interaction) their weight-loss experiences. However, there has been limited understanding of the role of individuals’ prior weight-loss experiences in subsequent weight-loss success, especially in online settings. OBJECTIVE To address the significant literature gap, this study investigates the relationship between prior weight-loss experiences (success or failure), online social support and subsequent weight-loss success in the contexts of OWCs based on self-determination theory. METHODS The data of 1650 users from one popular OWC is collected using a python crawler procedure, including individuals’ characteristics (e.g. gender, age, friends, posts, membership duration) and weight-loss diary information. Two logit regression models are deployed to estimate the effects of prior weight-loss experiences and social support on subsequent weight-loss success, as well as the moderation effect of social support. RESULTS The results reveal that prior successful weight-loss experiences are positively related to subsequent weight-loss success (β=0.376,p<0.01) while the relationship between prior failed weight-loss experiences and subsequent weight-loss success is negative (β=-0.225,p<0.05). Meanwhile, online social support can not only influence positively subsequent weight-loss success directly (β=0.441,p<0.01) but also undermine the negative effect of prior failed weight-loss experiences (β=0.025,p<). Nevertheless, social support has no significant moderating effect on the relationship between prior successful weight-loss experiences and subsequent weight-loss success (β=0.104,p>0.1). CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to literature on prior experiences and online social support in the context of OWCs, and provides valuable insights for OWCs’ designs to improve users’ engagement and their weight-loss success.

scholarly journals Short-, medium-, and long-term weight changes and all-cause mortality in old age: Findings from the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Murayama ◽  
Jersey Liang ◽  
Benjamin A Shaw ◽  
Anda Botoseneanu ◽  
Erika Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Japanese Elderly

Abstract Background Recent studies, predominantly in Western populations, suggest that both weight loss and weight gain are associated with an increased mortality risk in old age. However, evidence of this association in older Asian populations remains sparse. This study aimed to examine the association between weight change and all-cause mortality in a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling older Japanese people. Methods Data were obtained from the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly, which included 4,869 adults aged ≥60 years. Participants were followed for up to 30 years. We considered three indicators of weight change according to the follow-up interval: short-term (3 years), medium-term (6–7 years), and long-term (12–13 years). Weight change was classified as loss ≥5%, loss 2.5–4.9%, stable (±2.4%), gain 2.5–4.9%, and gain ≥5%. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the relative mortality risk of each weight change category. Results Weight loss ≥5% for all intervals was associated with higher mortality than stable weight and the effects were largely similar across all three intervals (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.36 [1.22–1.51] for short-term, 1.36 [1.22–1.51] for medium-term, and 1.31 [1.11–1.54] for long-term). A similar pattern of results was observed among the young-old and old-old, and among men and women. The effect of weight loss on higher mortality was greater among those with a lower body mass index at baseline. Conclusions These findings could inform clinical and public health approaches to body-weight management aimed at improving the health and survival of older adults, particularly in Asian populations.

Thermal stability predictions of polymeric composites: comparison of medium-term weight loss at 250C with a kinetic mapping procedure

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Hodgkin ◽  
M B Jackson ◽  
T C Morton
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Mapping Procedure ◽  
Advanced Composite ◽  
Advanced Composite Materials ◽  
Synthetic Work ◽  
Composite Samples ◽  
Accelerated Thermal Aging

A comparative evaluation was carried out between two different accelerated thermal aging tests for estimating thermo-oxidative stability (Tos) in advanced composite materials as part of an effort to determine if either could be used as a fast but reliable predictive method for assessing new materials. One test (kinetic mapping) was based on data obtained from highly accelerated thermogravimetric analysis (TGAo) techniques commonly used in matrix polymer synthetic work, the other was based on weight loss during medium-term aging at temperatures closer to the use temperature, and well below Ta. No correlation was found between the two sets of results when the measurements were carried out on a number of commercial as well as some new experimental resin and composite samples. Reasons for the discrepancies are advanced.

NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN FRAIL CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS UNDERGOING LIVER TRANSPLANTATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
D. AZZOLINO ◽  
S. DAMANTI ◽  
M. CESARI
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
End Stage Liver Disease ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
End Stage

The liver is the largest and most important metabolic organ, playing a pivotal role in the integration of biochemical pathways of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and vitamins (1). End-stage liver disease (ESLD) has an important negative effect on nutritional status (2) and malnutrition is a common problem in patients waiting for liver transplantation (LT). The mean weight loss during ESLD is about 9 Kg and this contributes to further morbidities and mortality (3).

Systematic Review of Medium-Term Weight Loss after Bariatric Operations

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1032-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul O'Brien ◽  
Tracey McPhail ◽  
Timothy Chaston ◽  
John Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Medium Term
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document