scholarly journals The Effect of SCMs in Blended Cements on Sorption Characteristics of Superabsorbent Polymers

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1609
Author(s):  
Rohollah Rostami ◽  
Agnieszka J. Klemm ◽  
Fernando C. R. Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymers ◽  
Blended Cements

Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), such as fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), are often used as a partial replacement of cements to improve the sustainability of Portland cement-based materials and reduce their environmental impact. Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) can be successfully used as internal curing agents in ultra-high performance cementitious materials by facilitating the hydration process and controlling the water supply in both fresh and hardened states. This paper intends to characterise the physical and chemical properties of SAPs and their sorption properties in different blended cement environments. The swelling capacity and kinetics of absorption of three superabsorbent polymers with different chemical compositions and grading were tested in different cement environments. Experimental results of their sorption performance in distinct solutions, including deionised water (DI), Portland cement (PC), and blended cements (PC-FA and PC-GGBS) and changes in pH of different solutions over time were investigated. The results showed that PC-FA solution had the lowest pH followed by PC-GGBS solution. Moreover, SAPs samples displayed the highest absorption capacities in PC-FA solutions, and the lowest swelling capacities were found in PC-GGBS solutions. Furthermore, SAP with smaller particle sizes had the greatest absorption capacity values in all solutions.

scholarly journals The Potentials of Iron and Steel Slags as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in the Nigerian Construction Industry: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-218
Author(s):  
O. R. Ogirigbo ◽  
J. O. Ukpata ◽  
I. Inerhunwa
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Iron And Steel Production

Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) is a type of Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) that is currently being used extensively in the global construction industry. SCMs are cheaper than Portland cement, help to improve certain properties of concrete and also help to reduce the environmental footprint associated with the production of Portland cement. GGBS is readily available in most parts of the world as a waste product from iron and steel production. However, its use as a SCM in some countries has not been fully maximized. This is primarily because of lack of documented studies on the properties of GGBS that influences its suitability as a SCM, especially in tropical environments. This paper reviewed the use of GGBS as a SCM for the partial replacement of Portland cement, with particular emphasis on its potential use in tropical warm environments such as Nigeria and other similar countries.

scholarly journals A Study on Porous Sealing Efficacy of hydrophilic Admixture on Blended Cement Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.12) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
L Krishnaraj ◽  
P T. Ravichandran ◽  
M V.A.Karthik ◽  
N Satheeshram Avudaiyappan ◽  
. .
Keyword(s):  
Blended Cement ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Chloride Permeability ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Micro Cracks ◽  
Significant Strength ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Durability Of Concrete

The life of the concrete is strongly influenced by durability parameters. The permeability is one of the main characteristics influencing the durability of concrete. The concrete is more permeable due to the ingress of water, oxygen, chloride, sulphate, and other potential deleterious substances. The durability of concrete is mainly affected by pore structure system of concrete and addingthe supplementary cementitious materials (SCM), such as fly ash, slag cement, and silica fume can be decrease permeability. Crystalline technology enhances the strength of concrete by filling the poresand micro-cracks with non-dissolvable substances. To study the efficiency of crystalline formation in concrete in terms of more permeable should be guaranteed through a specific technique.The effectiveness of crystalline waterproofing system with partial replacement cement by GGBS is studiedin terms of strength and durability. The performance of the two different types of crystalline waterproofing integral admixtures has been studied for compressive strength, Split tensile strength, workability, water permeability, Rapid chloride permeability test and porosity in this paper.The early strength increased in GGBS with crystalline admixture concretes compare to the control concrete. No significant strength reduction is observed in GGBS concretes with crystalline admixture when replaced with 20% and 40% of cement than control concrete.  

scholarly journals Sustainable low-carbon binders and concretes

2020 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 06007
Author(s):  
Myroslav Sanytsky ◽  
Tetiana Kropyvnytska ◽  
Stanislav Fic ◽  
Hanna Ivashchyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Activity Index ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Blended Cements ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Sustainable development depends on a consistency of interests, social, ecological and economic, and that the interests are evaluated in a balanced manner. In order to reduce CO2 emissions, the conception of decreasing clinker factor and increasing the role of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in the cementitious materials has high economical and environmental efficiency. The performance of clinkerefficient blended cements with supplementary cementitious materials were examined. The influence of superfine zeolite with increased surface energy on the physical and chemical properties of low-carbon blended cements is shown. Increasing the dispersion of cementitious materials contributes to the growth of their strength activity index due to compaction of cement matrix and pozzolanic reactions in unclincker part. In consequence of the early structure formation and the directed formation of the microstructure of the cement matrix is solving the problem of obtaining clinker-efficient concretes. Shown that low-carbon blended cements with high volume of SCMs are suitable, in principle, for producing structural concretes.

Application of Zeolite as a Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 621 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Eva Vejmelková ◽  
Dana Koňáková ◽  
Monika Čáchová ◽  
Martin Keppert ◽  
Adam Hubáček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Substitution Level ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Zeolite Rock

Natural zeolite rocks are known to be able to act as Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) in Portland cement based concrete. Generally SCMs are reacting with portlandite and providing binding hydration products just as Portland cement does. In this way an SCM can substitute certain amount of Portland cement in concrete and thus reduce the related energy consumption and CO2 generation. Due to a large variability of SCMs composition and properties there is not any general rule for an optimum Portland cement substitution level. In this paper, the influence of natural zeolite rock on selected mechanical, hygric and thermal properties of concrete is studied. Experimental results show that the analyzed zeolite is acting as a pozzolan but for higher amounts its application leads to an increase in concrete porosity which affects its properties in a significant way.

scholarly journals Assessing, Understanding and Unlocking Supplementary Cementitious Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Snellings
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Blended Cements ◽  
International Commitments ◽  
Roll Out

The partial replacement of Portland clinker by supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) is one of the most popular and effective measures to reduce both costs and CO2 emissions related to cement production. An estimated 800 Mt/y of blast furnace slags, fly ashes and other materials are currently being used as SCM, but still the cement industry accounts for 5-8% of global CO2 emissions. If no further actions are taken, by the year 2050 this share might even rise beyond 25%. There is thus a clear challenge as to how emissions will be kept at bay and sustainability targets set by international commitments and policy documents will be met.Part of the solution will be a further roll-out of blended cements in which SCMs constitute the main part of the binder to which activators such as Portland cement are added. Since supply concerns are being raised for conventional high-quality SCMs it is clear that new materials and beneficiation technologies will need to step in to achieve further progress. This paper presents opportunities and challenges for new SCMs and demonstrates how advances towards more powerful and reliable characterisation techniques help to better understand and exploit SCM reactivity.

The Use of Basalt Rock Powder and Superfine Sand as Supplementary Cementitious Materials for Friendly Environmental Cement Mortar

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxia Qiao ◽  
Desire Ndahirwa ◽  
Yuanke Li ◽  
Jinke Liang
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Rock Powder ◽  
Basalt Rock

The research gap about the application of basalt rock powder (BRP) and superfine sand (SS) as fillers in preparation of cement mortar is significant. This study characterizes the mechanical performance of the cement mortar formulated considering Portland cement, artificial sand and water as principal mixture components. To analyze the influence of BRP and SS on the strength properties of the mortar, the Portland cement and artificial sand have been replaced by BRP and SS respectively. The replacement percentages are 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% when the basalt rock powder replaces Portland cement and in case artificial sand is replaced by superfine sand, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. The percentages of basalt rock powder and superfine sand replace, in volume, the same quantity of Portland cement and artificial sand that forms portion of the mixture. The strength indexes such as flexural strength, compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity and dynamic elastic modulus were investigated. Overall results show that despite the reduction of mechanical properties of cement mortar, BRP and SS can be used as partial replacement of Portland cement and artificial sand in account of ratios from 10% to 25% basalt rock powder quantity by Portland cement weight and 10% to 20% superfine sand amount by volume of artificial sand.

scholarly journals The Behavior of Superabsorbent Polymers (SAPs) in Cement Mixtures with Glass Powders as Supplementary Cementitious Materials

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3597
Author(s):  
Khashayar Farzanian ◽  
Babak Vafaei ◽  
Ali Ghahremaninezhad
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Autogenous Shrinkage ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymers ◽  
Flow Test ◽  
Glass Powders ◽  
Cement Mixtures

The absorption and desorption of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) in cement mixtures containing two different glass powders as supplementary cementitious materials are examined in this paper. Two SAPs with different chemical compositions were synthesized in-house and used in the experiments. SAP absorption was investigated directly through the mass change of SAPs in cement slurries, as well as indirectly using the flow test. Scanning electron microscopy was used to monitor the desorption of SAPs using samples prepared with freeze-drying. Hydration and setting time were evaluated to explain the desorption behavior of SAPs. SAP absorption generally increased in pastes with glass powders. The desorption rate of SAPs in different pastes was shown to correlate with the onset of solid skeleton development in the pastes. The addition of SAPs reduced autogenous shrinkage in neat cement paste more than in pastes with glass powders.

scholarly journals Characterization of Polyacrylamide based Superabsorbent Polymers for potential use in PC Matrices with Supplementary Cementitious Materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 02023
Author(s):  
Fernando C.R. Almeida ◽  
Rohollah Rostami ◽  
Agnieszka J Klemm
Keyword(s):  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymers ◽  
Sorption Behaviour ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
All Solutions ◽  
Furnace Slag

This paper compares three types of polyacrylamide based Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP) with different water absorption capacities for potential application in Portland cement composites. The analysed matrices contain Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) such as ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), fly ash (FA type F), silica fume (SF) and lime (NHL 5). SAPs were characterized in terms of shape, size and molecular structure by the Laser Diffraction, SEM, and the Raman Spectroscopy techniques. Kinetics and capacity of SAPs absorption in different environments (deionised water, PC solution and various PC-SCMs solutions) were evaluated by the tea-bag method. pH of all solutions was determined after 24 hours. The effect of different SCMs on SAPs sorption behaviour has been presented. The experimental results show that SAPs do not affect pH of cementitious solutions. However, SCMs addition reduces SAPs' absorption capacity and increase their desorption features. This is related not only to the type of SCM, but also to the level of substitution.

scholarly journals Durability of Mortar Made with Fine Glass Powdered Particles

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Bom Conselho Sales ◽  
Fernando Augusto Sales ◽  
Enio Pazini Figueiredo ◽  
White José dos Santos ◽  
Nelcy Della Santina Mohallem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Colorless Glass ◽  
Alkali Aggregate Reaction ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Fine Glass

Different studies investigate the use of waste glass in Portland cement compounds, either as aggregates or as supplementary cementitious materials. Nevertheless, it seems that there is no consensus about the influence of particle color and size on the behavior of the compounds. This study addresses the influence of cement replacement by 10 and 20% of the colorless and amber soda-lime glass particles sized around 9.5 μm on the performance of Portland cement mortars. Results revealed that the partial replacement of cement could contribute to the production of durable mortars in relation to the inhibition of the alkali-aggregate reaction. This effect was more marked with 20% replacement using amber glass. Samples containing glass microparticles were more resistant to corrosion, in particular those made of colorless glass. The use of colorless and amber glass microparticles promoted a reduction in wear resistance.

A state-of-the-art review on the durability of silica fume-blended concrete – a boon to the construction industry

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3-6) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Velu Saraswathy ◽  
Subbiah P. Karthick
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Chloride Permeability ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Blended Cements

AbstractThe development and use of blended cement is growing rapidly in the construction industry mainly due to the consideration of energy, environment, and conservation of resources. Blended cements are produced using any of the supplementary cementitious materials such as silica fume (SF), fly ash, and ground granulated blast furnace slag. The use of SF in concrete may improve the strength and durability of concrete by creating a denser cement matrix compared with conventional concrete, thereby enhancing the service life of concrete structures. In this article, the effect of SF in concrete is reviewed from the point of view of durability. It includes carbonation, resistivity, chloride permeability/diffusivity, sulfate resistance, and corrosion resistance.

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