scholarly journals Finite Element Modeling of Bond Behavior of FRP and Steel Plates

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Elena Ciampa ◽  
Francesca Ceroni ◽  
Maria Rosaria Pecce
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Rc Structures ◽  
Bond Behavior ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Degradation Of Materials ◽  
Parametric Analyses

Strengthening systems for existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures are increasingly needed due to several problems such as degradation of materials over the time, underdesign, serviceability or seismic upgrading, or new code requirements. In the last decades, strengthening by fibers composite materials applied with various techniques (FRP, FRCM, NSM) were largely investigated and theoretical formulations have been introduced in national and international design guidelines. Although they are an excellent strengthening solution, steel plates may represent still a valid traditional alternative, due to low costs, ductile stress-strain behavior, simple and fast mounting with possibility of reusing the material. Guidelines for a correct design are still lack and, therefore, detailed models and design formulas are needed. In this paper, the bond behavior at the plate-concrete interface, which plays a key role for the effectiveness of the strengthening system, is analyzed by means of 3D finite element models calibrated on experimental results available in literature. Parametric analyses were carried out by changing some meaningful parameters.

Flexural bearing capacity of RC hollow slab beam strengthened by steel plates of different thicknesses

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Liu ◽  
Lifeng Wang ◽  
Ziwang Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Nonlinear Material ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Flexural Bearing Capacity

PurposeThe flexural reinforcement of bridges in-service has been an important research field for a long time. Anchoring steel plate at the bottom of beam is a simple and effective method to improve its bearing capacity. The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of anchoring steel plates of different thicknesses on the bearing capacity of hollow slab beam and to judge its working status.Design/methodology/approachFirst, static load experiments are carried out on two in-service RC hollow slab beams; meanwhile, nonlinear finite element models are built to study the bearing capacity of them. The nonlinear material and shear slip effect of studs are considered in the models. Second, the finite element models are verified, and the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results. Finally, the finite element models are adopted to carry out the research on the influence of different steel plate thicknesses on the flexural bearing capacity and ductility.FindingsWhen steel plates of different thicknesses are adopted to reinforce RC hollow slab beams, the bearing capacity increases with the increase of the steel plate thickness in a certain range. But when the steel plate thickness reaches a certain level, bearing capacity is no longer influenced. The displacement ductility coefficient decreases with the increase of steel plate thickness.Originality/valueBased on experimental study, this paper makes an extrapolation analysis of the bearing capacity of hollow slab beams reinforced with steel plates of different thicknesses through finite element simulation and discusses the influence on ductility. This method not only ensures the accuracy of bearing capacity evaluation but also does not need many samples, which is economical to a certain extent. The research results provide a basis for the reinforcement design of similar bridges.

scholarly journals Experimental and Simulation Study on Diffusion Behavior of Chloride Ion in Cracking Concrete and Reinforcement Corrosion

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongchun Cheng ◽  
Yuwei Zhang ◽  
Chunli Wu ◽  
Yubo Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Chloride Diffusion ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Rc Structures ◽  
Cracked Concrete ◽  
Chloride Migration

A chloride ion is a key factor affecting durability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. In order to investigate chloride migration in cracked concrete, considering the mesoscopic heterogeneity of concrete, concrete modeled here is treated as a four-phase composite consisting aggregate, mortar, crack, and interfacial transition zone (ITZ). In this paper, two-dimensional finite element models of cracked concrete with different crack widths and crack quantity are established and the control parameters are determined based on the nonsteady-state chloride migration (NSSCM) test. In addition, based on the concrete finite element models, influences of crack width, crack quantity, and erosion time on chloride migration behaviors and characteristics are studied. Furthermore, a prediction model of chloride concentration on the simulated surface of a rebar in concrete influenced by different crack states is established. This model is used to derive the corrosion current density and corrosion depth prediction models of a rebar in this paper, which can be used by engineers to estimate the migration behaviors of chloride and rebar corrosion degree in RC structures in a short time and evaluate the duration of RC structures after knowing the status of cracks and chloride diffusion sources.

scholarly journals Increasing Damping of Thin-Walled Structures Using Additively Manufactured Vibration Eliminators

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Dunaj ◽  
Stefan Berczyński ◽  
Karol Miądlicki ◽  
Izabela Irska ◽  
Beata Niesterowicz
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Fem Model ◽  
Thin Walled Structures ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Parametric Analyses

The paper presents a new way to conduct passive elimination of vibrations consisting of covering elements of structures with low dynamic stiffness with polylactide (PLA). The PLA cover was created in 3D printing technology. The PLA cover was connected with the structure by means of a press connection. Appropriate arrangement of the PLA cover allows us to significantly increase the dissipation properties of the structure. The paper presents parametric analyses of the influence of the thickness of the cover and its distribution on the increase of the dissipation properties of the structure. Both analyses were carried out using finite element models (FEM). The effectiveness of the proposed method of increasing damping and the accuracy of the developed FEM models was verified by experimental studies. As a result, it has been proven that the developed FEM model of a free-free steel beam covered with polylactide enables the mapping of resonance frequencies at a level not exceeding 0.6% of relative error. Therefore, on its basis, it is possible to determine the parameters of the PLA cover. Comparing a free-free steel beam without cover with its PLA-covered counterpart, a reduction in the amplitude levels of the receptance function was achieved by up to 90%. The solution was validated for a steel frame for which a 37% decrease in the amplitude of the receptance function was obtained.

Three Dimensional, Linear and Nonlinear Finite Element Modeling of FRP to Concrete Pull-Off Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Majid Noori Hamedani
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Nonlinear Finite Element ◽  
Rc Structures ◽  
Bond Behavior ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Concrete Layer ◽  
Set Up

External bonding of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets to concrete is a popular method of strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) structures. A simple test was set-up in order to simulate the process of debonding in this type of strengthening. The set-up is simulating the bond behavior of strengthened RC structures. In the recent researches it was found out that bond behavior and actual stress distribution is a 3 dimensional phenomenon. This paper is presenting more details about pull-off tests by applying 3-D and nonlinear finite element models. As a first step linear model has been generated to show general stress distribution in the test, in a second step nonlinear model is implemented in order to predict the behavior of pull-off tests more accurately. Tests have shown that at ultimate load, deboning occurs within a concrete layer near the bond surface. Therefore, the paper is focusing on using a more realistic concretebehavior in the model.

scholarly journals RC Structures Strengthened by an Iron-Based Shape Memory Alloy Embedded in a Shotcrete Layer—Nonlinear Finite Element Modeling

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 5504
Author(s):  
Neda Dolatabadi ◽  
Moslem Shahverdi ◽  
Mehdi Ghassemieh ◽  
Masoud Motavalli
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Passive Control ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Rc Structures ◽  
Displacement Response ◽  
Iron Based ◽  
Load Displacement

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) have been widely used in civil engineering applications including active and passive control of structures, sensors and actuators and strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) structures owing to unique features such as the shape memory effect and pseudo-elasticity. Iron-based shape memory alloys (Fe-SMAs) have become popular in recent years. Use of iron-based SMAs for strengthening RC structures has received attention in the recent decade due to the advantages it presents, that is, no ducts or anchor heads are required, friction losses do not occur and no space is needed for a hydraulic device to exert force. Accordingly, Fe-SMAs embedded in a shotcrete layer have been used for pre-stressing RC beams at Empa. The aim of this study is to present an approach to model and analyze the behavior of RC members strengthened and pre-stressed with Fe-SMA rebars embedded in a shotcrete layer. The lack of research on developing finite element models for studying the behavior of concrete structures strengthened by iron-based shape memory alloys is addressed. Three-dimensional finite element models were developed in the commercial finite element code ABAQUS, using the concrete damaged plasticity model to predict the studied beams’ load–displacement response. The results of the finite element analyses show a considerably good agreement with the experimental data in terms of the beams’ cracking load and ultimate load capacity. The effects of different strengthening parameters, including SMA rebar diameter, steel rebar diameter and pre-stressing force level on the beam behavior, were investigated based on the verified finite element models. The results were compared. The load-displacement response of an 18-m concrete girder strengthened and pre-stressed with iron-based SMA bars was examined by the developed finite element model as a case study.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation and FEM Modeling of Glued Timber Connections with Slotted-In Steel Plates

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Svitlana Shekhorkina ◽  
Alexander Kesariisky ◽  
Mykola Makhinko ◽  
Tetiana Nikiforova ◽  
Oleksandr Savytskyi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fem Modeling ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Dowel Connections

Abstract The study is focused on the mechanical behavior and finite element method (FEM) modeling of glued timber dowel connections with slotted-in steel plates. Standard tests accompanied by a physical optics investigation method were used in order to obtain information about the mechanical properties and stress-strain behavior of glued timber dowel connections with slotted-in steel plates. As such a methodology provides information on the stress-strain state over the surface of a connection, it was used as a verification criterion for a 3D finite-element model. Small-scale glued timber dowel connections with slotted-in steel plates were tested in parallel-to-grain tension to investigate their load-carrying capacity and the load-slip performance of the connection. A three-dimensional finite-element model of the glued timber dowel connections with slotted-in steel plates was developed using existing FE software and verified using the holographic interferograms obtained during step-by-step loading as well as the test results.

scholarly journals Non-Linear Analysis of Plated T-Subjected to Negative Bending Moment

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdullah Mansor
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Linear Behavior ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Negative Bending

This paper present a numerical analysis using ANSYS finite element program to simulate the reinforced concrete T- beams strengthened with external bonded steel plates when subjected to negative bending. Eight beams with length 2.0m and simply supported were modeled. Nonlinear materials behavior, as it relates to steel reinforcing bars and plain concrete, and linear behavior for plate is simulated using appropriate constitutive models. The results showed that the general behavior of the finite element models represented by the load-deflection curves at midspanappear well agreement with the test data from the previous researches. Also the crack patterns at the final loads from the finite models are discussed . The finite element models represented by this search can be used to carry out parametric study for the strengthening of plated T-beams.

scholarly journals Finite element method for the static and dynamic analysis of FRP guyed tower

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Alshurafa ◽  
Hanan Alhayek ◽  
Dimos Polyzois
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Equilateral Triangle ◽  
Material Testing ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Static And Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Linear Finite Element ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Guy Wires

Abstract A research study has been carried out to provide design guidelines for glass-fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) guyed tower. Both material testing and theoretical analysis are involved. The tower examined in this study has 81 m in height with a uniform equilateral triangle cross section having sides of 450 mm. The tower supported by seven sets of guy wires oriented at 120°, each set consisting of three guy wires. The tower was assumed to be supported at the base by means of a pinned connection to provide full moment release. The tower was analyzed using the finite element ANSYS software and was designed to satisfy both the ultimate and the serviceability limit state requirements of the CSA-S37-01 Standard. The guyed tower was analyzed in static to evaluate the tower strength failure using several advanced failure theories. Modal analysis and full dynamic analysis using CSA-37-01 Standard were extensively performed to evaluate the vibration performance and to obtain an accurate dynamic response of the full-scale tower. The paper presents the results obtained from material testing and from a finite element, ANSYS models developed for the static and dynamic analysis of the multi-cells 81 m lightweight-guyed towers. Highlights The research = involved the analysis and the design of FRP guyed tower composed of individual cells fabricated from fiberglass matting bonded together to form an equilateral triangle. The layout, the dimensions of the tower and the thickness of the cell walls were determined from a finite element analysis. Fifteen coupons were fabricated and tested based on ASTM standards to evaluate the mechanical properties of the GFRP material. Several non-linear finite element models were developed to meet both the manufacturing constraints and strength requirements. Several non-linear finite element models were carried out for the static and dynamic analysis of an 81 m tower.

Local plantar pressure relief in therapeutic footwear: design guidelines from finite element models

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1798-1806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Erdemir ◽  
Jeffrey J. Saucerman ◽  
David Lemmon ◽  
Bryan Loppnow ◽  
Brie Turso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Therapeutic Footwear ◽  
Footwear Design
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