scholarly journals Functionalization Mechanism of Reduced Graphene Oxide Flakes with BF3·THF and Its Influence on Interaction with Li+ Ions in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kaczmarek ◽  
Magdalena Balik ◽  
Tomasz Warga ◽  
Ilona Acznik ◽  
Katarzyna Lota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reduced Graphene

Doping of graphene and a controlled induction of disturbances in the graphene lattice allows the production of numerous active sites for lithium ions on the surface and edges of graphene nanolayers and improvement of the functionality of the material in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This work presents the process of introducing boron and fluorine atoms into the structure of the reduced graphene during hydrothermal reaction with boron fluoride tetrahydrofuran (BF3·THF). The described process is a simple, one-step synthesis with little to no side products. The synthesized materials showed an irregular, porous structure, with an average pore size of 3.44–3.61 nm (total pore volume (BJH)) and a multi-layer structure and a developed specific surface area at the level of 586–660 m2/g (analysis of specific surface Area (BET)). On the external surfaces, the occurrence of irregular particles with a size of 0.5 to 10 µm was observed, most probably the effect of doping the graphene structure and the formation of sp3 hybridization defects. The obtained materials show the ability to store electric charge due to the development of the specific surface area. Based on cyclic voltammetry, the tested material showed a capacity of 450–550 mAh/g (charged up to 2.5 V).

Unique CoS hierarchitectures for high-performance lithium ion batteries

CrystEngComm ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (42) ◽  
pp. 6727-6732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijuan Lin ◽  
Yingheng Huang ◽  
Guoqiang He
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Perfect Crystal ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Perfect Crystal Structure

Lantern-like CoS hierarchitectures, having a perfect crystal structure, a high specific surface area and lots of nanoscale 3D channels, are synthesized.

3D hierarchical MnO2 microspheres: a prospective material for high performance supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 1795-1804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Khalid ◽  
Chuanbao Cao ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Waqar Younas
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Heating Method ◽  
Ultrathin Nanosheet

3D hierarchical MnO2 microspheres with an ultrathin nanosheet structure and high specific surface area (184.32 m2 g−1) are synthesized by a rapid microwave heating method in just 10 minutes.

A novel architecture designed for lithium rich layered Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 oxides for lithium-ion batteries

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (32) ◽  
pp. 16817-16823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenjiang He ◽  
Zhixing Wang ◽  
Zimo Huang ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Xinhai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Diffusion Path ◽  
Electrode Process ◽  
Spherical Particles

Hollow spherical particles illustrate low specific surface area (0.4648 m2 g−1) and short diffusion path (about 1.5 μm) at the same time, which enhanced their performance during the electrode process.

A novel NiCo2O4 anode morphology for lithium-ion batteries

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (22) ◽  
pp. 11970-11975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Li ◽  
Xinhai Li ◽  
Zhixing Wang ◽  
Huajun Guo ◽  
Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Anode Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Li Ion

Wrinkled NiCo2O4 particles with a high specific surface area showed superior electrochemical performance as anode materials for Li-ion batteries.

Hierarchical hollow Li4Ti5O12 urchin-like microspheres with ultra-high specific surface area for high rate lithium ion batteries

Nano Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1043-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Cheng ◽  
Renchao Che ◽  
Chongyun Liang ◽  
Jiwei Liu ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
High Rate

Carbon Nanotube Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries

2001 ◽  
Vol 706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryne P. Raffaelle ◽  
Thomas Gennett ◽  
Jeff Maranchi ◽  
Prashant Kumta ◽  
Aloysius F. Hepp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Anode Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Carbonaceous Materials ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

AbstractHighly purified single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) were investigated for use as an anode material for thin film lithium ion batteries. The high purity nanotubes were obtained through chemical refinement of soot generated by pulsed laser ablation. The purity of the nanotubes was determined via thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The specific surface area and lithium capacity of the SWCNT's was compared to that of other conventional anode materials (i.e., carbon black, graphite, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes). The Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) technique based on nitrogen adsorption was used to measure the specific surface area of the various anode materials. The SWCNT's exhibited a specific surface area on the order of 915 m2/g, much higher than the other carbonaceous materials. Cyclic voltammetric behavior and the lithium-ion capacity of the materials were measured using a standard 3-electrode electrochemical cell. The cyclic voltammetry showed evidence of “staging” that was similar to other carbonaceous materials. The electrochemical discharge capacity of the purified single walled carbon nanotubes was in excess of 1300 mAh/g after 30 charge/discharge cycles when tested using a current density of 20μA/cm2.

Preparation of Fe/N co-doped hierarchical porous carbon nanosheets derived from chitosan nanofibers for high-performance supercapacitors

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Yaqi Yang ◽  
Ziqiang Shao ◽  
Feijun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Carbon Nanosheets ◽  
Hierarchical Porous

Abstract Due to the low specific capacitance and small specific surface area of conventional carbon materials used as electrode materials for double-layer capacitors, the search for more ideal materials and ingenious preparation methods remains a major challenge. In this study, fractional porous carbon nanosheets were prepared by co-doping Fe and N with chitosan as nitrogen source. The advantage of this method is that the carbon nanosheets can have a large number of pore structures and produce a large specific surface area. The presence of Fe catalyzes the graphitization of carbon in the carbon layer during carbonization process, and further increases the specific surface area of the electrode material. This structure provides an efficient ion and electron transport pathway, which enables more active sites to participate in the REDOX reaction, thus significantly enhancing the electrochemical performance of SCs. The specific surface area of CS-800 is up to 1587 m2 g−1. When the current density is 0.5 A g−1, the specific capacitance of CS-800 reaches 308.84 F g−1, and remains 84.61 % of the initial value after 10,000 cycles. The Coulomb efficiency of CS-800 is almost 100 % after a long cycle, which indicates that CS-800 has more ideal double-layer capacitance and pseudo capacitance.

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