scholarly journals Setting Characteristics and High Compressive Strength of an Anti-washout, Injectable Calcium Phosphate Cement Combined with Thermosensitive Hydrogel

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5779
Author(s):  
Yao Xie ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Shu Cai ◽  
Xiaogang Bao ◽  
Qianqian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Hydration Product ◽  
Thermosensitive Hydrogel ◽  
Early Hydration ◽  
X Ray

In this work, a thermosensitive poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) hydrogel was introduced into calcium phosphate cement (CPC) to enhance the anti-washout property of CPC. The effects of the hydrogel on the setting time, injectability, anti-washout property and compressive strength of CPC were thoroughly investigated. The results showed that the hydrogel significantly increased the injectability and anti-washout property of CPC, meanwhile maintained the setting time with an acceptable range. Moreover, the hydrogel improved the initial compressive strength of CPC. The composite cement with 20% v/v hydrogel in the liquid phase showed fine crystals of hydration product, a more compact microstructure and lower porosity compared with control CPC. The analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that suitable volume ratio of hydrogel (20% v/v) in the setting liquid of CPC could promote the formation of hydroxyapatite in the early hydration period. The degradation behavior of the cement was characterized by immersion tests in simulated body fluid. The hydrogel had no adverse effect on the degradation rate of CPC over the immersion period of 23 days. This study indicated that incorporating PLGA-PEG-PLGA hydrogel could be a promising strategy to reinforce the handing properties and initial compressive strength of calcium phosphate cement.

The pH-Dependent Properties of the Biphasic Calcium Phosphate for Bone Cements

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuan La Ong Srakaew ◽  
Sirirat Tubsungnoen Rattanachan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Bone Cements ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Apatite Cement

Self-setting calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has been used in bone repair and substitution due to their excellent biocompatibility, bioactive as well as simplicity of preparation and use. The inherent brittleness and slow degradation are the major disadvantages for the use of calcium phosphate cements. To improve the degradation for the traditional CPC, the apatite cement formula incorporated with β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) with varying concentration were studied and the effect of the pH value of liquid phase on the properties of this new calcium phosphate cement formula was evaluated. The apatite cements containing β-TCP for 10 and 40 wt.% were mixed into the aqueous solution with different pH values and then aging in absolute humidity at 37°C for 7 days. The setting time and phase analysis of the biphasic calcium phosphate were determined as compared to the apatite cement. For proper medical application, the compressive strength, the phase analysis and the degradation of the CPC samples at pH 7.0 and 7.4 were evaluated after soaking in the simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37°C for 7 days. The results indicated that the properties of the samples such as the setting time, the compressive strength related to the phase analysis of the set cements. The high degradation of the CPC was found in the cement with increasing β-TCP addition due to the phase after setting. Apatite formation with oriented plate-like morphology was also found to be denser on the surface of the biphasic bone cements after soaking in SBF for 7 days. The obtained results indicated that the cement containing β-TCP mixed with the liquid phase at pH 7.4 could be considered as a highly biodegradable and bioactive bone cement, as compared to the traditional CPC.

Improving the anti-washout property of calcium phosphate cement by introducing konjac glucomannan/κ-carrageenan blend

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1094-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guowen Qian ◽  
Xingmei Li ◽  
Fupo He ◽  
Jiandong Ye
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Konjac Glucomannan ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Human Cancellous Bone ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Anti-washout calcium phosphate cement (CPC) was prepared by dissolving water-soluble konjac glucomannan (KGM) and κ-carrageenan (KC) blend in the cement liquid. The anti-washout property, setting time, compressive strength and in vitro cytocompatibility of the CPC modified with KGM/KC blend were evaluated. The results indicated that the CPC pastes modified with KGM/KC blend exhibited excellent anti-washout property. The addition of KGM/KC blend shortened the setting time and increased the injectability of CPC. Although the introduction of KGM/KC blend reduced the compressive strength of CPC, the compressive strength still surpassed that of human cancellous bone. The optimal KGM/KC mass ratio was 2:8, with which the modified cement exhibited the most efficient washout resistance and the highest compressive strength. The introduction of KGM/KC blend obviously promoted the proliferation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. This anti-washout CPC modified by KGM/KC blend with excellent in vitro cytocompatibility will have good prospects for application in bone defect repair.

Study on Fast-Releasing Calcium Phosphate Cement for Accelerating the Release of Antibiotic

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
Mao Hong Li ◽  
Shu Xin Qu ◽  
Ning Yao ◽  
Yu Suo Wang ◽  
Ju Mei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Soluble Component ◽  
Antibiotic Release ◽  
Soluble Components

The long-retention of antibiotics in Calcium Phosphate Cement (CPC) may induce the development of drug resistance. Fast-releasing CPC containing antibiotics (FRCPC) was proposed as a solution to this problem and studied in this work. The FRCPC containing different proportions of soluble component were prepared and characterized. The setting time, compressive strength, degree of the conversion, in vitro antibiotic release and fracture surface morphology of FRCPC were studied. The results showed that the setting time increased, the compressive strength decreased, the in vitro antibiotic release accelerated with increasing fraction of soluble component in FRCPC. The setting time and compressive strength of FRCPC containing 20 wt% soluble components were close to the requirements of clinical applications, and the in vitro release was completed within 7 d. These results mentioned above showed that the FRCPC with suitable proportions of soluble components may prevent the development of drug resistance and may find applications in clinics.

Effect of Protein Addition on the Setting Behaviour of a Calcium Phosphate Cement

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 841-844
Author(s):  
S. Chauhan ◽  
M.P. Hofmann ◽  
R.M. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Monocalcium Phosphate ◽  
Foetal Bovine Serum

This study investigated the influence of the addition of various proteins to the liquid phase (albumin, fibrinogen and foetal bovine serum (FBS)) on the mechanical strength and setting time of a brushite forming calcium phosphate cement. Additions of 1wt% protein to the liquid phase led to a deterioration in compressive strength of the set cement by up to 50%. The setting time was not affected by adding albumin and FBS but was increased by 50% with admixtures containing fibrinogen. The conversion of the reactants, β-tricalcium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate, to brushite was found to be unaffected by addition of up to 10wt% proteins.

Development of Injectable Calcium Phosphate Cement Adding with ZrO2

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 347-350
Author(s):  
J.Y. Gong ◽  
Shu Xin Qu ◽  
Q. Cui ◽  
Jie Weng
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Liquid Component ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initial Setting Time ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Initial Setting ◽  
Diffraction Peaks

In the present study, ZrO2 was added into the injectable calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) to improve their mechanical strength. Different mass fractions of ZrO2 (5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20%) were mixed with the powder components consisted of tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) and hydroxyapatite (HA). Then formed the paste via adding the liquid component consisted of citric acid. The compressive strength, the injectability, the initial setting time and finial time of CPC were measured, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to analyse the phase of as-prepared CPC. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy dispersive spertrum (EDS) were used to observe the morphology and indicate the element components of CPC. The compressive strength of ZrO2-CPC was higher than that of CPC without added ZrO2. The compressive strength got the maximal when the mass fraction of ZrO2 was 15%. It had no effect on the injectability with adding ZrO2, which were 89 % to 92 %. It had a slight down-regulation of the initial and final setting time with adding ZrO2. SEM showed that there was amounts needle-like substance in CPC, which might be related to the improvement of compressive strength of CPC. XRD showed that there were HA, a few of α-TCP and ZrO2 diffraction peaks in CPCs. The present results indicate that it is feasible to improve the compressive strength of injectable CPC via adding ZrO2.

Effect on Mechanical Strength of Tricalcium Phosphate Cement by Additions of Sodium Alginate

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1181-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.T. Coelho ◽  
Juliana Machado Fernandes ◽  
Rafaela Silveira Vieira ◽  
Mônica Beatriz Thürmer ◽  
Luis Alberto Santos
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Alpha Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

The Calcium Phosphate Cement (CPC) are bone substitutes with great potential for use in orthopedics, traumatology and dentistry due to its biocompatibility, bioactivity and osteoconductivity, and form a paste that can be easily shaped and placed into the surgical site. However, CPCs have low mechanical strength, which equals the maximum mechanical strength of trabecular bone. In order to assess the strength and time to handle a CPC composed primarily of alpha phase, were added sodium alginate (1%, 2% and 3% wt) and an accelerator in an aqueous solution. The cement powder was mixed with liquid of setting, shaped into specimens and evaluated for apparent density and porosity by Archimedes method, X-ray diffraction and compressive strength. A significant increase in compressive strength by adding sodium alginate was verified.

Preparation of Caclium Phosphate Paste Composites with Demineralized Bone Matrix

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 803-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Yong Lee ◽  
Y.W. Lee ◽  
M. Park ◽  
Hyun Min Kim ◽  
J.H. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Demineralized Bone Matrix ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Demineralized Bone

In this study, we attempted preparation and assessments of composite pastes of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and calcium phosphate cement (CPC). While the composite pastes presented self-setting behavior up to a certain DBM content without significant differences in setting time, temperature increase and phase transformation, compressive strength and injection capability decreased in general with the DBM content. The DBM particulates were observed to uniformly disperse in the composite cross-sections, suggesting a new model of bioactive paste with tissue regenerative function.

Development of a New Injectable Calcium Phosphate Cement That Contains Modified Starch

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 843-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Chen ◽  
Hong Xiang ◽  
Xiao Xi Li ◽  
Jian Dong Ye ◽  
Xiu Peng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Acicular Crystal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Performance Setting

In this study modified starch were used as anti-washout promoters of injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) and the effects of the modified starch on the injectability, anti-washout performance, setting time, compressive strength, phase evolution and microstructure of this cement were investigated. The injectability of the cement was improved by adding the modified starch (0.5-2.0%). After mixing with modified starch (0.5-2.0%), the cement showed better anti-washout performance than that without modified starch after immersed and shaken in SBF. Especially, when the content of the modified starch was 1.0%, the remaining percentage of the cement was reached to 92.6%, but only 5.9% of the CPC paste remained and set for the sample without modified starch after shaken for 2 hrs. The compressive strength of cements significantly increased from 44 MPa to 54 MPa when 0.5% of modified starch was added. And a slight increase on the mechanical strength can be observed for other concentrations. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis revealed no significant difference for the conversion of the cement to hydroxyapatite for any concentrations of modified starches. The influence of the modified starch on the microstructure of the set cement was also studied. The results showed the modified starch would reduce the acicular crystal size of hydroxyapatite accompanied with little flaky crystals generation and made a compact structure. It is concluded that modified starch, a suitable anti-washout promoter, improved the performance of CPC.

scholarly journals The Influence of Water Reducing Agents on Early Hydration Property of Ferrite Aluminate Cement Paste

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 731
Author(s):  
Chunlong Huang ◽  
Zirui Cheng ◽  
Jihui Zhao ◽  
Yiren Wang ◽  
Jie Pang
Keyword(s):  
Setting Time ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Hydration Product ◽  
Reducing Agents ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Hydration Process ◽  
Early Hydration ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
Hydration Rate ◽  
Aluminate Cement

The ferrite aluminate cement (FAC) could rapidly lose fluidity or workability due to its excessive hydration rate, and greatly reduce the construction performance. Chemical admixtures are commonly used to provide the workability of cement-based materials. In this study, to ensure required fluidity of FAC, chemically different water reducing agents are incorporated into the FAC pastes. The experiments are performed with aliphatic water reducing agent (AP), polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent (PC) and melamine water reducing agent (MA), respectively. Influence of the water reducing agents on fluidity, setting time, hydration process, hydration product and zeta potential of the fresh cement pastes is investigated. The results show that PC has a better dispersion capacity compared to AP and MA. Besides decreasing water dosage, PC also acts as a retarder, significantly increasing the setting times, delaying the hydration rate and leading to less ettringite in the hydration process of FAC particles. The water reducing agents molecules are adsorbed on the surface of positively charged minerals and hydration products, however, for PC, steric hindrance from the long side chain of PC plays a critical role in dispersing cement particles, whereas AP and MA acting through an electrostatic repulsion force.

scholarly journals A bone replacement-type calcium phosphate cement that becomes more porous in vivo by incorporating a degradable polymer

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiyoshi Shimatani ◽  
Hiromitsu Toyoda ◽  
Kumi Orita ◽  
Yuta Ibara ◽  
Yoshiyuki Yokogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Alginic Acid ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Zealand White Rabbit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Degradable Polymer ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Bone Replacement

AbstractThis study investigated whether mixing low viscosity alginic acid with calcium phosphate cement (CPC) causes interconnected porosity in the CPC and enhances bone replacement by improving the biological interactions. Furthermore, we hypothesized that low viscosity alginic acid would shorten the setting time of CPC and improve its strength. CPC samples were prepared with 0, 5, 10, and 20% low viscosity alginic acid. After immersion in acetate buffer, possible porosification in CPC was monitored in vitro using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the setting times and compressive strengths were measured. In vivo study was conducted by placing CPC in a hole created on the femur of New Zealand white rabbit. Microcomputed tomography and histological examination were performed 6 weeks after implantation. SEM images confirmed that alginic acid enhanced the porosity of CPC compared to the control, and the setting time and compressive strength also improved. When incorporating a maximum amount of alginic acid, the new bone mass was significantly higher than the control group (P = 0.0153). These biological responses are promising for the translation of these biomaterials and their commercialization for clinic applications.

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