scholarly journals A Review of Functional Separators for Lithium Metal Battery Applications

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 4625
Author(s):  
Jooyoung Jang ◽  
Jiwoong Oh ◽  
Hyebin Jeong ◽  
Woosuk Kang ◽  
Changshin Jo
Keyword(s):  
Storage Systems ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Safety Hazards ◽  
Lithium Metal Batteries ◽  
Reaction Potential ◽  
High Theoretical Capacity ◽  
Lithium Metal Battery

Lithium metal batteries are considered “rough diamonds” in electrochemical energy storage systems. Li-metal anodes have the versatile advantages of high theoretical capacity, low density, and low reaction potential, making them feasible candidates for next-generation battery applications. However, unsolved problems, such as dendritic growths, high reactivity of Li-metal, low Coulombic efficiency, and safety hazards, still exist and hamper the improvement of cell performance and reliability. The use of functional separators is one of the technologies that can contribute to solving these problems. Recently, functional separators have been actively studied and developed. In this paper, we summarize trends in the research on separators and predict future prospects.

scholarly journals Decoupling the origins of irreversible coulombic efficiency in anode-free lithium metal batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Jui Huang ◽  
Balamurugan Thirumalraj ◽  
Hsien-Chu Tao ◽  
Kassie Nigus Shitaw ◽  
Hogiartha Sutiono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Safety Hazards ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Lithium Metal Batteries ◽  
Metallic Lithium ◽  
Other Information

AbstractAnode-free lithium metal batteries are the most promising candidate to outperform lithium metal batteries due to higher energy density and reduced safety hazards with the absence of metallic lithium anode during initial cell fabrication. In general, researchers report capacity retention, reversible capacity, or rate capability of the cells to study the electrochemical performance of anode-free lithium metal batteries. However, evaluating the behavior of batteries from limited aspects may easily overlook other information hidden deep inside the meretricious results or even lead to misguided data interpretation. In this work, we present an integrated protocol combining different types of cell configuration to determine various sources of irreversible coulombic efficiency in anode-free lithium metal cells. The decrypted information from the protocol provides an insightful understanding of the behaviors of LMBs and AFLMBs, which promotes their development for practical applications.

scholarly journals Surface-Functionalized Separator for Stable and Reliable Lithium Metal Batteries: A Review

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2275
Author(s):  
Patrick Joohyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Standard Potential ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
General Guideline ◽  
Lithium Metal Batteries ◽  
High Theoretical Capacity ◽  
Significant Attention

Metallic Li has caught the attention of researchers studying future anodes for next-generation batteries, owing to its attractive properties: high theoretical capacity, highly negative standard potential, and very low density. However, inevitable issues, such as inhomogeneous Li deposition/dissolution and poor Coulombic efficiency, hinder the pragmatic use of Li anodes for commercial rechargeable batteries. As one of viable strategies, the surface functionalization of polymer separators has recently drawn significant attention from industries and academics to tackle the inherent issues of metallic Li anodes. In this article, separator-coating materials are classified into five or six categories to give a general guideline for fabricating functional separators compatible with post-lithium-ion batteries. The overall research trends and outlook for surface-functionalized separators are reviewed.

Enhanced Ion Transport in an Ether Aided Super Concentrated Ionic Liquid Electrolyte for Long-Life Practical Lithium Metal Battery Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urbi Pal ◽  
Fangfang Chen ◽  
Derick Gyabang ◽  
Thushan Pathirana ◽  
Binayak Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Lithium Metal Battery

We explore a novel ether aided superconcentrated ionic liquid electrolyte; a combination of ionic liquid, <i>N</i>-propyl-<i>N</i>-methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (C<sub>3</sub>mpyrFSI) and ether solvent, <i>1,2</i> dimethoxy ethane (DME) with 3.2 mol/kg LiFSI salt, which offers an alternative ion-transport mechanism and improves the overall fluidity of the electrolyte. The molecular dynamics (MD) study reveals that the coordination environment of lithium in the ether aided ionic liquid system offers a coexistence of both the ether DME and FSI anion simultaneously and the absence of ‘free’, uncoordinated DME solvent. These structures lead to very fast kinetics and improved current density for lithium deposition-dissolution processes. Hence the electrolyte is used in a lithium metal battery against a high mass loading (~12 mg/cm<sup>2</sup>) LFP cathode which was cycled at a relatively high current rate of 1mA/cm<sup>2</sup> for 350 cycles without capacity fading and offered an overall coulombic efficiency of >99.8 %. Additionally, the rate performance demonstrated that this electrolyte is capable of passing current density as high as 7mA/cm<sup>2</sup> without any electrolytic decomposition and offers a superior capacity retention. We have also demonstrated an ‘anode free’ LFP-Cu cell which was cycled over 50 cycles and achieved an average coulombic efficiency of 98.74%. The coordination chemistry and (electro)chemical understanding as well as the excellent cycling stability collectively leads toward a breakthrough in realizing the practical applicability of this ether aided ionic liquid electrolytes in lithium metal battery applications, while delivering high energy density in a prototype cell.

scholarly journals Stable Lithium-Carbon Composite Enabled by Dual-Salt Additives

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zheng ◽  
Feng Guo ◽  
Tuo Kang ◽  
Yingzhu Fan ◽  
Wei Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Cycling Stability ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Metal

AbstractLithium metal is regarded as the ultimate negative electrode material for secondary batteries due to its high energy density. However, it suffers from poor cycling stability because of its high reactivity with liquid electrolytes. Therefore, continuous efforts have been put into improving the cycling Coulombic efficiency (CE) to extend the lifespan of the lithium metal negative electrode. Herein, we report that using dual-salt additives of LiPF6 and LiNO3 in an ether solvent-based electrolyte can significantly improve the cycling stability and rate capability of a Li-carbon (Li-CNT) composite. As a result, an average cycling CE as high as 99.30% was obtained for the Li-CNT at a current density of 2.5 mA cm–2 and an negative electrode to positive electrode capacity (N/P) ratio of 2. The cycling stability and rate capability enhancement of the Li-CNT negative electrode could be attributed to the formation of a better solid electrolyte interphase layer that contains both inorganic components and organic polyether. The former component mainly originates from the decomposition of the LiNO3 additive, while the latter comes from the LiPF6-induced ring-opening polymerization of the ether solvent. This novel surface chemistry significantly improves the CE of Li negative electrode, revealing its importance for the practical application of lithium metal batteries.

scholarly journals Single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte for Li||LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 batteries—impact of the anodic cutoff voltage and ambient temperature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Steinle ◽  
Zhen Chen ◽  
Huu-Dat Nguyen ◽  
Matthias Kuenzel ◽  
Cristina Iojoiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Ethylene Carbonate ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Lithium Metal Battery ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Battery Cells

AbstractPolymer-based electrolytes potentially enable enhanced safety and increased energy density of lithium-metal batteries employing high capacity, transition metal oxide–positive electrodes. Herein, we report the investigation of lithium-metal battery cells comprising Li[Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2]O2 as active material for the positive electrode and a poly(arylene ether sulfone)-based single-ion conductor as the electrolyte incorporating ethylene carbonate (EC) as selectively coordinating molecular transporter. The resulting lithium-metal battery cells provide very stable cycling for more than 300 cycles accompanied by excellent average Coulombic efficiency (99.95%) at an anodic cutoff potential of 4.2 V. To further increase the achievable energy density, the stepwise increase to 4.3 V and 4.4 V is herein investigated, highlighting that the polymer electrolyte offers comparable cycling stability, at least, as common liquid organic electrolytes. Moreover, the impact of temperature and the EC content on the rate capability is evaluated, showing that the cells with a higher EC content offer a capacity retention at 2C rate equal to 61% of the capacity recorded at 0.05 C at 60 °C.

Unfolding the Hidden Message of Anode-Free Lithium Metal Battery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Jui Huang ◽  
Balamurugan Thirumalraj ◽  
Hsien-Chu Tao ◽  
Kassie Nigus Shitaw ◽  
Tesfaye Teka Hagos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Lithium Metal Batteries ◽  
Cathode Degradation ◽  
Other Information ◽  
First Time

Abstract Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) have been revisited and gained great attention due to significantly mitigated formation of Li dendrite in the past decade. Recently, anode-free lithium metal batteries (AFLMBs) are proposed and have been studied intensively to potentially outperform LMBs due to higher energy density and reduced safety hazards since the absence of Li metal during the fabrication process of the cell. In general, researchers compare capacity retention, reversible capacity, or rate capability of the cells to study the electrochemical performance of batteries. However, evaluating the behavior of batteries from limited aspects would easily overlook other information hidden deep inside the meretricious results or even lead to misguided data interpretation. In this work, an integrated protocol combining different types of cell configuration is proposed and validated for the first time to unravel the concealed messages in LMBs and AFLMBs. Irreversible coulombic efficiency (irr-CE) from various contributions including reductive electrolyte decomposition, dead Li formation, 1st intrinsic irreversible capacity of a cathode, and the subsequent irreversible reactions at cathode containing oxidative electrolyte decomposition and cathode degradation upon cycling are successfully determined separately by the integrated protocol for the first time. The decrypted information obtained from the proposed protocol provides an insightful understanding of behaviors of LMBs and AFLMBs, which promotes their development for practical applications.

In-situ gelation regulating micro-electric fields to induced Li deposition in quasi-solid-state lithium metal batteries

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyu Wang ◽  
Xiang-Qun Xu ◽  
Bo Hong ◽  
Maohui Bai ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Energy System ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Capacity ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Lithium Metal Batteries ◽  
In Situ Gelation ◽  
Lithium Metal Battery

Quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery has great potential in next generation energy system for its high energy capacity and security. However, the system still suffers from incompatible interphases and limited cycling...

Succinic Anhydride as a Deposition-Regulating Additive for Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Anodes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Xiang Xie ◽  
Yi-Xin Huang ◽  
Xiaohong Wu ◽  
Chen-Guang Shi ◽  
Li-Na Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Anode Material ◽  
Succinic Anhydride ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Dendrite Growth ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Lithium Metal Anodes ◽  
High Theoretical Capacity

Li metal is a promising anode material for next-generation energy storage systems owing to its high theoretical capacity and low potential. However, uncontrollable Li dendrite growth during Li plating and...

A facile preparation of PEO–LiClO4–fumed SiO2 composite solid-state electrolyte with improved electrochemical performance for lithium-metal batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruyan Lei ◽  
Yanping Yang ◽  
Chenjuan Yu ◽  
Yinsi Xu ◽  
Yuanzhuo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Solid State Electrolyte ◽  
Lithium Metal Batteries ◽  
Facile Preparation ◽  
Lithium Metal Battery ◽  
Migration Capacity ◽  
Composite Solid ◽  
Fumed Sio2

PEO–LiClO4–fumed SiO2 composite solid-state electrolyte is successfully fabricated with superior 3 migration capacity to Li+ and improved electrochemical performance for lithium-metal battery by a 4 facile preparation process.

Understanding and applying coulombic efficiency in lithium metal batteries

Nature Energy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Xiao ◽  
Qiuyan Li ◽  
Yujing Bi ◽  
Mei Cai ◽  
Bruce Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Lithium Metal Batteries
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