scholarly journals Temperature-Related Corrosion Resistance of AISI 1010 Carbon Steel in Sulfolane

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Kubisztal ◽  
Bożena Łosiewicz ◽  
Paulina Dybal ◽  
Violetta Kozik ◽  
Andrzej Bak
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Product Layer ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Industrial Systems ◽  
Surface Corrosion ◽  
Severe Impairment

Sulfolane-induced corrosion can lead to severe impairment in industrial systems. Therefore, determination of solvent corrosivity is valid. Under standard conditions, pure sulfolane is considered to be thermally stable and chemically inert, hence non-aggressive towards carbon/stainless steel. Unfortunately, the sulfolane-evoked corrosion of the industrial installations is observed for sulfolane-based systems polluted by small quantities of oxygen, water and some oxidizing agents. Moreover, sulfolane decomposition with formation of corrosive (by-)products can be escalated by some process parameters, e.g., temperature. The main objective of this study was to determine the corrosion resistance of AISI 1010 steel immersed in sulfolane at temperatures ranging from 25 to 230 °C. Evaluation of the corrosion damage was carried out using electrochemical techniques and scanning probe/electron microscopy, respectively. The general corrosion tendency, corrosion rate and surface corrosion degree were taken into account as well. It was noticed that the corrosion rate linearly increases with the enhancement of sulfolane temperature. Moreover, the interfacial reaction of steel with sulfolane resulted in the formation of corrosion product layer, which is a physical barrier between the corrosive environment and steel improving corrosion resistance of the latter. In fact, the increment of the sulfolane temperature caused a gradual breakdown of the protective layer and the increase in the corrosion degree of the investigated steel. Finally, it was found that the corrosion degree doubles approximately every 42 °C.

scholarly journals Corrosion resistance of metalized layers on steel parts in ventilation mill

10.30544/340 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Bore V. Jegdic ◽  
Bojana M. Radojković ◽  
Biljana M. Bobić ◽  
Marija M. Krmar ◽  
Slavica Ristić
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Galvanic Corrosion ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Hvof Process ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Local Dissolution ◽  
Oxygen Fuel

Corrosion behavior of metalized layers, obtained by Plasma Transferred Arc (PTA) process and by High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) process with the purpose to improve the wear resistance of vital parts of ventilation mill in a thermal power plant, has been tested. The test is performed using three electrochemical techniques, in a solution containing chloride and sulfate ions. It is shown that the steel surface (base metal) dissolves uniformly, without pitting or other forms of local dissolution. Morphology of metalized layers surface indicates that dissolution is non-uniform, but it still can be considered as general corrosion. The corrosion rate of base metal and metalized layer obtained by PTA process is rather low, while the corrosion rate of the metalized layer obtained by HVOF process is much higher. Also, the difference in corrosion potentials between the base metal and the HVOF layer is pretty high but slightly less than maximum allowed difference (prescribed by the standard), to avoid excessive galvanic corrosion. The values of corrosion rate obtained by different electrochemical techniques are in excellent agreement.

scholarly journals Effect of Minor Alloying Elements on the Corrosion Behavior of Fe40Al in NaCl-KCl Molten Salts

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Salinas ◽  
J. G. Gonzalez-Rodriguez ◽  
J. Porcayo-Calderon ◽  
V. M. Salinas-Bravo ◽  
M. A. Espinoza-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
The Other ◽  
Type Stainless Steel ◽  
Waste Gasification

The hot corrosion behavior of Fe40Al intermetallic alloyed with Ag, Cu, Li, and Ni (1–5 at.%) in NaCl-KCl (1 : 1 M) at 670°C, typical of waste gasification environments, has been evaluated by using polarization curves and weight loss techniques and compared with a 304-type stainless steel. Both gravimetric and electrochemical techniques showed that all different Fe40Al-base alloys have a much higher corrosion resistance than that for stainless steel. Among the different Fe40Al-based alloys, the corrosion rate was very similar among each other, but it was evident that the addition of Li decreased their corrosion rate whereas all the other elements increased it. Results have been explained in terms of the formation and stability of an external, protective Al2O3layer.

scholarly journals Cr3C2-NiCr Coating for the Protection of API Steel Corrosion in Concentrated Sodium Chloride Solution

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
El-Sayed M. Sherif ◽  
Magdy M. El Rayes ◽  
Hany S. Abdo
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Cyclic Polarization ◽  
Current Time

In the present work, a layer of 75%Cr3C2−25%NiCr with thickness of 260 ± 15 µm was coated onto the API-2H pipeline steel surface using high-velocity oxy-fuel deposition. The effect of 75%Cr3C2−25%NiCr coating on the corrosion of the API steel after 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h exposure in 4.0% sodium chloride solutions is reported. The corrosion tests were performed using potentiodynamic cyclic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and chronoamperometric current–time techniques along with scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analyses. The curves of polarization indicated that the presence of the coating increases the corrosion resistance of the steel through decreasing its corrosion current and corrosion rate. Impedance data showed that all resistances recorded higher values for the coated API steel. Chronoamperometric current–time measurements confirmed that the coated API steel has lower absolute current values and thus lower corrosion rate. All results proved that the presence of 75%Cr3C2−25%NiCr coating enhances the corrosion resistance of the API steel via the formation of a protective layer of Cr and Ni oxides, which could lead to decreasing the corrosion rate.

scholarly journals Water-Induced Corrosion Damage of Carbon Steel in Sulfolane

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4580
Author(s):  
Julian Kubisztal ◽  
Bożena Łosiewicz ◽  
Paulina Dybał ◽  
Violetta Kozik ◽  
Andrzej Bąk
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Kelvin Probe ◽  
Industrial Systems ◽  
Kelvin Probe Microscopy ◽  
Study Evaluation ◽  
Major Factors

Sulfolane in contact with water and oxygen forms acidic (by-) products that are major factors in accelerating the corrosion of carbon/stainless steel. In consequence, water-induced corrosion damage can be a serious problem in industrial systems. Hence, the determination of the corrosion resistance of AISI 1010 steel immersed in sulfolane containing 0 to 6 vol.% water was the principal objective of the study. Evaluation of the corrosion resistance of steel electrodes was performed using a potentiodynamic technique and scanning Kelvin probe microscopy. It was observed that the corrosion products layer that formed on the surface of AISI 1010 steel partially protects it against corrosion in sulfolane with a water concentration in the range from 1 vol.% to 4 vol.%. Interestingly, amounts of water above 4 vol.% cause a break-down of the corrosion products layer and deteriorate the corrosion resistance of AISI 1010 steel as well. Moreover, the relationship between the fractal dimension, corrosion degree of the steel surface and water concentration in sulfolane was investigated. The fractal dimension was determined using 2D grayscale images of AISI 1010 steel registered through a scanning electron microscope. It was noticed that both the fractal dimension and the corrosion degree rose with the increased water concentration in sulfolane.

Electrochemical Study of the Protective Characteristics of CO2 Corrosion Product Layers for Steels API X80 and P110

2016 ◽  
Vol 830 ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
Andrea H. Rojas ◽  
Adriana Forero Ballesteros ◽  
I.S. Bott
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Product ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Product Layer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy ◽  
Different Temperatures

This work evaluate the protective characteristic of the CO2 corrosion product layers formed on the surface of two types of steels, API 5L X80 used for transportation of oil and gas, and API 5CT P110 used for case tubing and pipe for oil drilling.Electrochemistry evaluations and morphological characterization of the obtained layer were performed. These steels were exposed to a brine solution containing 3% wt of NaCl, in a pressurized autoclave with 55 bar of CO2 and total pressure of 75 bar at different temperatures (25, 50 and 75°C) and immersion times (7, 15, 21 and 30 days). The corrosion rate was determined by mass loss tests and electrochemical techniques, such as Linear Polarization Resistance and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. Characteristics of the corrosion product layer such as thickness, morphology, and chemical composition were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion rate decreases with the increase of the immersion time and temperature, and the lower rate of corrosion was obtained for 75°C after 30 days of immersion, for both steels

scholarly journals Study of operational properties of details of forest machines depending on methods of hardening of the surface layer

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
Тимохова ◽  
Oksana Timokhova ◽  
Бурмистрова ◽  
Olga Burmistrova
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Test ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Metal Loss ◽  
Electric Resistance ◽  
Surface Corrosion ◽  
Calculated Mass ◽  
Damage Depth ◽  
Specialized Program

To study the samples for the corrosion resistance was chosen methodology is as follows: experimentally determined dependence of the resource test agdezionnoy properties of the medium, where the decrease in the electric resistance of the coating to the value destruction resistance is a criterion of failure. For the final evaluation of the state of the material subjected to the corrosion test, the method of programming in the Delphi specialized program, were calculated mass of metal loss per unit of surface corrosion damage depth, the average rate of corrosion

Effect of Sn Addition on the Corrosion Performance of Cast X-52 in H2S-Containing Environment at 60°C

2013 ◽  
Vol 743-744 ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Liang Lin ◽  
Jian Qiu Wang ◽  
En Hou Han
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Corrosion Performance ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Surface Corrosion ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Small Content

The electrochemical behavior of cast X-52 with different Sn content ranging from 0 to 1 wt. % was investigated using the methods of potentiodynamic test, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The immersion tests involved to examine the relationship between Sn addition and corrosion performance of cast X-52. In addition, the morphology and the compositions of surface corrosion products were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM)/ energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Potentiodynamic polarization curves showed that the presence of Sn decreased the corrosion current density. EIS indicated that Sn-containing steels had higher polarization resistances. These results confirmed that Sn played a positive role in reducing corrosion rate in H2S-containing environment. However, the corrosion resistance decreased with increasing Sn addition. It was proved that Sn improved the corrosion resistance with only a small content and large amount of Sn might lead to an advance of the pit due to occurrence of more acidification. Moreover, a continuous inner O-rich layer adherent to the matrix was found for Sn-addition samples, which lead to a decrease of corrosion rate due to its compact characteristic, compared with porous sulfide formed on the outer surface.

scholarly journals Corrosion testing of experimental steels for oilfield pipelines

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 01001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Alkhimenko
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Electrochemical Studies ◽  
Material Optimization ◽  
Equipment Failures ◽  
Emergency Equipment

Emergency equipment failures at oilfield pipelines are often associated with corrosion damage of the pipe material. Optimization of the chemical composition of the used steel can play a significant role in increasing the corrosion resistance under the condition of ensuring the metallurgical quality of pipes. This article presents a comparative assessment of the corrosion resistance of the used Fe-Cr-Cu-Mn-V steel and experimental compositions, basing on the results of electrochemical studies and tests for general corrosion.

scholarly journals Corrosion Behavior of AlFeCrCoNiZrx High-Entropy Alloys in 0.5 M Sulfuric Acid Solution

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1471
Author(s):  
Yuhong Yao ◽  
Yaohua Jin ◽  
Wei Gao ◽  
Xiaoyu Liang ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Potentiodynamic Polarization ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
High Entropy Alloys ◽  
H2so4 Solution ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Polarization Measurements ◽  
Selective Corrosion

AlCoCrFeNiZrx (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.5) high-entropy alloys (HEAs) were prepared by a non-consumable vacuum arc melting technology, and the microstructure and corrosion behavior were investigated by XRD, SEM, immersion tests, and electrochemical measurements. The results indicate that galvanic corrosion of the AlCoCrFeNiZrx alloys occurred in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, and only 0.1 mol of the added Zr could greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the alloys. The corrosion properties of the AlCoCrFeNiZrx HEAs had similar change tendencies with the increase in the Zr content in the immersion tests, potentiodynamic polarization measurements, and electrochemical impedance analysis, that is, the corrosion resistance of the AlCoCrFeNiZrx alloys in a 0.5 M H2SO4 solution first increased and then decreased with the increase in the Zr content. The Zr0.1 alloys were found to have the best selective corrosion and general corrosion resistance with the smallest corrosion rate, whereas the Zr0.3 alloys presented the worst selective corrosion and general corrosion resistance with the highest corrosion rate from both the immersion tests and the potentiodynamic polarization measurements.

scholarly journals STUDY ON ALTERNATE IMMERSION CORROSION BEHAVIOR AND MECHANISM OF SDCM DIE STEEL FOR HOT STAMPING

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Bin ◽  
Zuo Pengpeng ◽  
Wu Xiaochun
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Hot Stamping ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Uniform Corrosion ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Immersion Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Pit ◽  
Pit Depth

In this paper, the alternate immersion corrosion test of Cr-Mo-V series SDCM steel for hot stamping was carried out, and different stresses were loaded with self-made fixture. The results shown that regardless of hardness and stress, the corrosion mode of the material is uniform corrosion. Stress could significantly increase the corrosion rate, with lower hardness and higher corrosion rate. Because of the existence of Corrosion Removal Layer (CRL), the maximum corrosion pit depth would be reduced. The maximum corrosion pit depth and Corrosion Pit density (CPD, ρv) were used to describe the degree of corrosion damage. From low to high hardness, the CPD ρv and corrosion resistance increased gradually. With the increased of tempering temperature, the hardness decreased, and the percentage of carbide area in the field of view increased from 16.36% to 24.32%. The irregular spherical carbide M23(C, N)6 rich in Cr coarsens and consumes Cr element in the material, which lead to the decrease of corrosion resistance. Through the polarization curve of the dynamic potential, we known that the current density was increased with the hardness decreased, from 28.53 μA/mm2 to 40.93 μA/mm2.

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