scholarly journals Investigation on Compressive Characteristics of Steel-Slag Concrete

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi-Thuy-Hang Nguyen ◽  
Duc-Hung Phan ◽  
Hong-Ha Mai ◽  
Duy-Liem Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Shape Effect ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
River Sand ◽  
A Value ◽  
One Year

The compressive characteristics of the steel-slag concrete were investigated through an experimental test. The term “steel-slag concrete” in this research work was defined as a kind of concrete using steel-slag material as a coarse aggregate replacement. Three types of the steel-slag concretes were examined under compression as follows: XT01, XT02, XT03 with their cement/water ratios of 1.76, 2.00, 2.21, respectively. The coarse aggregate used in producing concrete was steel-slag material, while the fine aggregate was traditional river sand; the ratio of coarse aggregate to fine aggregate was kept constant at a value of 1.98. Firstly, the age-dependent compressive strength of the steel-slag concretes were investigated up to one year; it was clear that the concrete strength increased rapidly in 7 days, then more and more slowly after that. Secondly, the modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio of the steel-slag concretes were explored at the 28-day age. Thirdly, there was an important size and shape effect on the compressive strength of the XT02, and its significance of brittleness in failure was analytically analyzed. Lastly, the effects of water amount added in the XT02 on its compressive strength and slump were evaluated at the 28-day age.

scholarly journals Utilization of Quarry Dust as a Partial Replacement of Sand in Concrete Making

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 582-591
Author(s):  
C.H. Aginam ◽  
C.M. Nwakaire ◽  
P.D. Onodagu ◽  
N.M. Ezema
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Dust Content ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
A Value ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Quarry Dust

The use of crushed quarry dust as a partial replacement of river sand in concrete production was investigated in this study. This is expedient as quarry dust can be available at some locations with insufficient river sand for construction purposes. The use of quarry dust is also in concrete is also a measure necessary for improvement of concrete strength. River sand was replaced with quarry dust for different mix designs of concrete for 0% to 25% replacement levels with 5% intervals. The physical properties of river sand and quarry dust were tested and reported and the workability as well as compressive strengths of the concrete mixtures were also tested. It was observed that the slump values increased with increase in percentage replacement of sand with quarry dust. The compressive strength of cubes at 28 day curing for control mixture of 1:3:6 at 0% partial replacement of river sand with quarry dust was 12.6N/mm2 but compressive strengths of 21.5 N/mm2 and 26.0 N/mm2 were gotten for 1:2:4 concrete and 1:1.5:3 concrete respectively. As the quarry dust content increased to 25%, the 28day compressive strength increased to 13.58 N/mm2 and 21.57 N/mm2 for the 1:3:6 and 1:2:4 mixes respectively. Compressive strength values decreased to a value of 25.72N/mm2 for the 1:1.5:3 concrete mix. The maximum compressive strength values were reached at 20% quarry dust content at the age of 28 days for the three concrete grades investigated. The increase in compressive strength with inclusion of quarry dust was attributed to the higher specific gravity of quarry dust above river sand. The compressive strength of quarry dust concrete continued to increase with age for all the percentages of quarry dust contents. Quarry dust was recommended as a suitable partial replacement for river bed sand in concrete production.

Properties of Green Concrete Mixes Containing Metakaolin, Micro Silica, Steel Slag, and Recycled Mosaic Tiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Muataz Nayel ◽  
Ammar Khazaal ◽  
Waleed Alabdraba
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Micro Silica ◽  
Recycled Steel

Recently, the constructions industry begins to make concrete more sustainable, side by side, with making its high performance. This paper aims to investigate the effect of (Metakaolin and Micro Silica) when they replace cement by (8, 12 and 16) % and (6, 9 and 12) % respectively, recycled steel slag when replaces fine aggregate by (10, 20 and 30) %, and recycled mosaic tiles when replaces coarse aggregate by (33.33, 66.67 and 100) % each one another on the slump, density, absorption and compressive strength of concrete. The experimental results showed that the maximum reduction ratio of cement reach (17%) (8% of metakaolin and 9% Micro Silica) while the optimum percentage of mosaic tiles and steel slag is (100%) and (20%) respectively. The optimum percentages obtained are combining to produce three basic green mixes: 1) 17% (8% of Metakaolin and 9% of Micro Silica) only, (2) A mix containing 17% of (Metakaolin and of Micro Silica) plus 100% of recycled mosaic, (3) 17% of (Metakaolin and Micro Silica), 100% of recycled mosaic and 20% of slag. Compressive strength at (7, 28, and 60) days, modulus of rupture at (28) days, absorption, fresh and hardened density are investigated. The best improvement in compressive strength compared with reference concrete was recorded (20.06, 10.855 and 9.983) % at (7, 28 and 60) days respectively for the mix containing (17% of cementitious materials plus 100% of recycled mosaic) while the ultimate flexure strength (24) % appeared in green mix containing (17% of cementitious materials, 100% of recycled mosaic and 20% of slag). Generally, an inverse relationship between density and absorption in all trail mixes which are conducted

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation and Statistical Modeling of FRP Confined RuC Using Response Surface Methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiong Feng ◽  
Rana Faisal Tufail ◽  
Muhammad Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Rubberized Concrete ◽  
Scrap Tires ◽  
The World

Scrap tires that are dumped to landfill is a serious problem in China and rest of the world. The use of rubber in concrete is an effective environmental approach to reduce the amount of scrap tires around the world. However, the loss in compressive strength of concrete is a major drawback of rubberized concrete. In this paper, the fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) confinement technique is used to overcome the drawbacks of rubberized concrete (RuC). A total of sixty six RuC cylinders were tested in axial compression. The cylinders were cast using recycled rubber to replace, a) 0-50 percent fine aggregate volume, b) 0-50 percent coarse aggregate volume, and c) 40-50 percent fine and coarse aggregate volume. Twenty seven cylinders of the latter mix were then confined with one, two and three layers of CFRP jackets. Concrete suffered a substantial reduction in compressive strength up to 80 percent by fine and coarse aggregate replacement with rubber content. However, CFRP jackets recovered and further enhanced the axial compressive strength of RuC up to 600% over unconfined RuC. SEM was performed to investigate the microstructural properties of RuC. Statistical models were developed on the basis of experimental tests for FRP confined RuC cylinders using response surface method. The effect of variable factors; unconfined concrete strength, rubber replacement type and number of FRP layers on confined compressive concrete strength was investigated. The regression analysis was performed to develop the response equations based on quadratic models. The predicted and experimental test results were found in good agreement as the variation between experimental and predicted values were less than 5%. Furthermore, the difference between predicted and adjusted R2 was found to be less than 0.2 which shows the significance of the statistical models. These proposed statistical models can provide a better understanding to design the experiments and the parameters affecting FRP-confined RuC cylinders.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Concrete Strength Made from Selected Brands of Cement in Anambra State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
C. B. N. Bert-Okonkwor ◽  
K. C. Okolie ◽  
F. O. Ezeokoli ◽  
G. C. Ohazulume
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Material Testing ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Testing Laboratory ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

The strength characteristics of concrete made from different brands of cement used in Anambra State, Nigeria are reported in this paper. Samples of the selected brands of cement were collected and are used in mixing concrete. The study was conducted in Anambra State, Nigeria for 10 months. Samples of the selected brands of cement were collected and are used in mixing concrete. The fine aggregates used was obtained from River Sand (Onitsha), coarse aggregate is 12 mm quarried granite and water used for the concrete mixing is fit for drinking. These samples of concrete are tested in the laboratory (Anambra State Material Testing Laboratory) for workability and compressive strength and the result obtained were presented in simple tables The study found out that the compressive strength (28th day) of BUA, SUPASET, DANGOTE and UNICEM cements were 30.5, 31.70, 29.66 and 29.08 N/mm2, respectively. Also, the result of the slump value ranges from 70–140 (indicating that the concrete mix is workable) for all the four samples. The results indicate that SUPASET yielded the highest compressive strength (28th day) while UNICEM yielded the lowest compressive strength (28th day). The study was concluded by recommending that all the selected brands of cement within the study area met with the required standard. All concrete samples achieved the minimum compressive strength of concrete (i.e., 21 N/mm2) within 7 days of production. Though the popular cement in the study area is DANGOTE, SUPASET cement is the best cement in terms of strength characteristics while UNICEM possesses the least compressive strength.

Estimating Distribution of Concrete Strength Using Quantile Regression Neural Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 1017-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Cheng Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Furnace Slag

This paper is aimed at demonstrating the possibilities of adaptingQuantile Regression Neural Network (QRNN) to estimate the distribution ofcompressive strength of high performance concrete (HPC). The databasecontaining 1030 compressive strength data were used to evaluate QRNN. Each dataincludes the amounts of cement, blast furnace slag, fly ash, water,superplasticizer, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate (in kilograms per cubicmeter), the age, and the compressive strength. This study led to the followingconclusions: (1) The Quantile Regression Neural Networks can buildaccurate quantile models and estimate the distribution of compressive strengthof HPC. (2) The various distributions of prediction of compressive strength of HPCshow that the variance of the error is inconstant across observations, whichimply that the prediction is heteroscedastic. (3) The logarithmic normaldistribution may be more appropriate than normal distribution to fit thedistribution of compressive strength of HPC. Since engineers should not assumethat the variance of the error of prediction of compressive strength isconstant, the ability of estimating the distribution of compressive strength ofHPC is an important advantage of QRNN.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION MIX PROPORTION FOR ULTRA HIGH STRENGTH SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Hoang Huy Kim ◽  
Vinh Duc Bui ◽  
Manh Van Tran ◽  
Tri Son Ha
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Composition ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Filling Ability ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Passing Ability

Ultra high strength self compacting concrete (UHSSCC) with high filling ability, passing ability, segregation resistance and ultra high compressive strength have been used in many modern construction project. This paper represents the optimization of concrete composition for ultra high strength self compacting concrete, ỉn this experiment, river sand and crush stone were used as fine aggregate, Dmax of coarse aggregate is 10 mm. The study show that slump flow was 525 mm up to 850 mm and compressive strength was 140 MPa up to 170 MPa.

Research on the Strength of High-Strength Steel Slag Concrete with Skeleton Coarse Aggregate Gradation

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 1918-1922
Author(s):  
Yi Zhou Zhuang ◽  
Er Bu Tian ◽  
Yue Zong Lian
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio

Generally the high density in high-strength concrete results in high strength, and so people often mix superplasticizer and particulate to increase the density of concrete, but ignoring the effect of coarse aggregate gradation on concrete strength. Referring to several Gradation Theories, this paper selects the coarse aggregate gradation with skeleton, uses uniform design method to test the compressive strength of high-strength concrete, and analyses the test results. It can be known from the test results of 7d and 28d concrete specimen that the concrete strength decreases linearly with water-cement ratio and sand ratio; The 7d’s concrete strength has higher variability due to low water-cement ratio with superplasticizer; The coarse aggregate skeleton is interfered by the increase of steel slag and sand rate, and the concrete strength decreases with limited cement paste. Furthermore, the steel slag with less than 30% addition has little effect on concrete strength and it can increase the cement’s possibility of contacting to water, and reduce the amount of cement without lowering the concrete strength. The influential degree on the compressive strength of concrete is followed by ascending sequence of steel slag content, sand ratio and water-cement.

scholarly journals Effect of Mound Soil on Concrete Produced with River Sand

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Elivs M. Mbadike ◽  
N.N Osadebe
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Control Test ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Average Compressive Strength

In this research work, the effect of mound soil on concrete produced with river sand was investigated. A mixed proportion of 1.1.8:3.7 with water cement ratio of 0.47 were used. The percentage replacement of river sand with mound soil is 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. Concrete cubes of 150mm x 150mm x150mm of river sand/mound soil were cast and cured at 3, 7, 28, 60 and 90 days respectively. At the end of each hydration period, the three cubes for each hydration period were crushed and their average compressive strength recorded. A total of ninety (90) concrete cubes were cast. The result of the compressive strength test for 5- 40% replacement of river sand with mound soil ranges from 24.00 -42.58N/mm2 a against 23.29-36.08N/mm2 for the control test (0% replacement).The workability of concrete produced with 5- 40% replacement of river sand with mound soil ranges from 47- 62mm as against 70mm for the control test.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN TANAH MEDITERAN SEBAGAI BAHAN SUBSTITUSI SEMEN TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN DAN TARIK BETON

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
Sri Devi Nilawardani
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Main Ingredient ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Cement Manufacture ◽  
Initial Idea

Title: The Effect of Using Mediteran Soil as Cement Substitution Materials in Compressive Strength and Tensile Strength of Concrete Concrete is a composite material (mixture) of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and water. The potential of limestone in Indonesia is very large, reaching 28.678 billion tons which is the main ingredient in the cement manufacture. In the long run it will be depleted because it is a non-renewable natural resources. So to reduce the use of limestone the utilization of Mediteran soil as a substitution for some cement in the manufacture of concrete is required. The initial idea is based on the chemical composition contained in the Mediteran soil almost identical to the cement, which is carbonate (CaO) and silica (SiO2). The purpose of this research is to reveal the influence of substitution of Mediteran soil by 20% and 40% in the compressive strength and tensile of the concrete at age 3, 7, 14, and 28 days with the number of test specimen each 3 pieces on each variation in 10cm x20cm cylinder with planning of concrete mixture refers to SK SNI method T-15-1900-03. The type of research used is quantitative with the experimental method of laboratory test and data analysis of comparative method and regression. The results show that compressive strength and tensile strength of concrete using Mediteran soil substitution comparable to  the strength of normal concrete with dry treatment. In the composition of 20% Mediteran soils decreased by 51.35% or 7.9 MPa (compressive strength) and 30.60% or 0.93 MPa (tensile strength). While the composition of 40% Mediteran soil decreased by 43.78% or 9.13 MPa (compressive strength) and 2.24% or 1.31 MPa (tensile strength).  

scholarly journals Comparison of Conventional Concrete and Replacement of River Sand by Waste Foundry Sand and Cement by Nano-Silica

2020 ◽  
pp. 201-205
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the properties of concrete in which like cement is partially replacing by used nano silica and is partially replacing by used waste foundry sand. Because now a day the world wide consumption of sand as cement and as fine aggregate in concrete production is very high. Nano silica and waste foundry sand are major by product of casting industry and create land pollution. The cement will be replaced with nano silica and the river sand will be replaced with waste foundry sand (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%). This experimental investigation was done and found out that with the increase in the nano silica and waste foundry sand ratio. Compression test has been done to find out the compressive strength of concrete at the age of 7, 14, 21, and 28. Test result indicates in increasing compressive strength of plain concrete by inclusion of nano silica as a partial replacement of cement and waste foundry sand as a partial replacement of fine aggregate.

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