scholarly journals Sensing Ability of Ferroelectric Oxide Nanowires Grown in Templates of Nanopores

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1777
Author(s):  
Mariya Aleksandrova ◽  
Tsvetozar Tsanev ◽  
Ashish Gupta ◽  
Ajaya Kumar Singh ◽  
Georgi Dobrikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Piezoelectric Response ◽  
Potassium Niobate ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Oxide Nanowires ◽  
Membrane Type ◽  
Nanoporous Templates ◽  
Ferroelectric Oxides ◽  
Pyroelectric Response

Nanowires of ferroelectric potassium niobate were grown by filling nanoporous templates of both side opened anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) through radiofrequency vacuum sputtering for multisensor fabrication. The precise geometrical ordering of the AAO matrix led to well defined single axis oriented wire-shaped material inside the pores. The sensing abilities of the samples were studied and analyzed in terms of piezoelectric and pyroelectric response and the results were compared for different length of the nanopores (nanotubes)—1.3 µm, 6.3 µm and 10 µm. Based on scanning electronic microscopy, elemental and microstructural analyses, as well as electrical measurements at bending and heating, the overall sensing performance of the devices was estimated. It was found that the produced membrane type elements, consisting potassium niobate grown in AAO template exhibited excellent piezoelectric response due to the increased specific area as compared to non-structured films, and could be further enhanced with the nanowires length. The piezoelectric voltage increased linearly with 16 mV per micrometer of nanowire’s length. At the same time the pyroelectric voltage was found to be less sensitive to the nanowires length, changing its value at 400 nV/µm. This paper provides a simple and low-cost approach for nanostructuring ferroelectric oxides with multisensing application, and serves as a base for further optimization of template based nanostructured devices.

scholarly journals Sodium potassium niobate (K0.5Na0.5NbO3, KNN) thick films by electrophoretic deposition

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 4698-4706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgane Dolhen ◽  
Amit Mahajan ◽  
Rui Pinho ◽  
M. Elisabete Costa ◽  
Gilles Trolliard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thick Film ◽  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thick Films ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Piezoelectric Response ◽  
Potassium Niobate ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Sodium Potassium Niobate

Lead free thick film obtained by low cost electrophoretic deposition having piezoelectric response of ~40 pC N−1.

Performance measurement and management for manufacturing SMEs: a financial statement-based system

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moujib Bahri ◽  
Josée St-Pierre ◽  
Ouafa Sakka
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Probabilistic Sample

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a performance measurement and management system (PMMS) for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) based on an analysis of the connections between the firm’s business practices and financial results as reported in the financial statements. Design/methodology/approach Secondary data on the business practices and financial statements of 108 Canadian manufacturing SMEs were taken from a private database. Items from financial statements were used to measure the firm’s performance in specific areas such as sales and current assets management, while net profit was used to measure the overall performance. Information about the level of adoption of more than 120 business practices by the sampled firms was also used. Step-wise regression was then performed for two consecutive years to identify the business practices that had significantly influenced the items in the financial statements. Findings The findings show that an understanding of the business practice/financial statement connection can be useful in managing SME performance. The regression analyses provide rich and interesting results. They indicate that some practices influence performance quickly, while others have a deferred effect. In addition, some practices have impacts that are significant in specific areas of the organization but insignificant in terms of overall performance, while others affect the firm’s overall performance but not the specific area they are intended to improve. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of the study is the non-probabilistic sample. However, the sampled SMEs vary widely in their characteristics, which should partially mitigate the negative impacts of a non-probabilistic sample. Practical implications The paper offers a useful and low-cost PMMS for SMEs, using information that is easily available to owner-managers. It shows that SME performance can be managed using a simple system built around the firm’s financial statements. Originality/value The study is one of the first to empirically test the connection between an extensive list of SME business practices and the financial results presented in the firms’ financial statements.

Continuous Manufacture of Submicron Thick Ceramic Green Tapes and Coatings Demonstrated for TCO Nano Particles

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (CICMT) ◽  
pp. 000078-000083
Author(s):  
Nadja Straue ◽  
Andreas Roosen
Keyword(s):  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tape Casting ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Particulate Suspensions ◽  
Continuous Manufacture ◽  
A New Technique

This presentation introduces a new technique to manufacture continuously submicron thick ceramic green tapes and coatings from nano particulate suspensions. A profiled steel rod is used to coat large areas with a very low film thickness of down to 250 nm. This technique can easily be scaled up and is therefore suitable for mass production at high throughput and low cost. The profile rod technique could be a method to overcome the limit of the tape casting process and therefore this technique exhibits an enormous economical potential. The technique is demonstrated at the example of nano particulate indium tin oxide (ITO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) particles, which are both transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) and therefore interesting materials for printed displays etc. Nano particles from Evonik Degussa GmbH were first dispersed and stabilized in organic solvents. Subsequently, dispersions as well as slurries were prepared. Their rheological and wetting behavior were studied and the effect on the microstructure of the resulting layer was evaluated. Furthermore, the influence of the processing parameters during coating on the layer quality was analyzed. Finally, the functionality of the printed layers was proven by electrical measurements as well as the assembly of electron devices.

scholarly journals Nanoelectrode Arrays Fabricated by Thermal Nanoimprint Lithography for Biosensing Application

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Alessandra Zanut ◽  
Alessandro Cian ◽  
Nicola Cefarin ◽  
Alessandro Pozzato ◽  
Massimo Tormen
Keyword(s):  
Nanoimprint Lithography ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Boron Doped Diamond ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Gliadin Protein

Electrochemical sensors are devices capable of detecting molecules and biomolecules in solutions and determining the concentration through direct electrical measurements. These systems can be miniaturized to a size less than 1 µm through the creation of small-size arrays of nanoelectrodes (NEA), offering advantages in terms of increased sensitivity and compactness. In this work, we present the fabrication of an electrochemical platform based on an array of nanoelectrodes (NEA) and its possible use for the detection of antigens of interest. NEAs were fabricated by forming arrays of nanoholes on a thin film of polycarbonate (PC) deposited on boron-doped diamond (BDD) macroelectrodes by thermal nanoimprint lithography (TNIL), which demonstrated to be a highly reliable and reproducible process. As proof of principle, gliadin protein fragments were physisorbed on the polycarbonate surface of NEAs and detected by immuno-indirect assay using a secondary antibody labelled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). This method allows a successful detection of gliadin, in the range of concentration of 0.5–10 μg/mL, by cyclic voltammetry taking advantage from the properties of NEAs to strongly suppress the capacitive background signal. We demonstrate that the characteristics of the TNIL technology in the fabrication of high-resolution nanostructures together with their low-cost production, may allow to scale up the production of NEAs-based electrochemical sensing platform to monitor biochemical molecules for both food and biomedical applications.

Low Cost Environmental Sensors Using Zinc Oxide Nanowires and Nanostructures

2012 ◽  
Vol 1439 ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Mohseni Kiasari ◽  
Saeid Soltanian ◽  
Bobak Gholamkhass ◽  
Peyman Servati
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Environmental Sensors ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanowires ◽  
Oxide Nanowires ◽  
Current Voltage

ABSTRACTZinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NW) are grown on both silicon and sapphire substrates using conventional chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system. As-grown nanostructures are characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) as well as energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and the results confirm high-quality c-axis growth of single-crystalline zinc oxide nanowires. Nanowire are dispersed in solvent and then placed between micro-patterned gold electrodes fabricated on silicon wafers using low cost and scalable dielectrophoresis (DEP) process for fabrication of oxygen and humidity sensors. These sensors are characterized in a vacuum chamber connected to a semiconductor analyzer. Current-voltage characteristics of each device are systematically investigated under different hydrostatic pressure of various gaseous environments such as nitrogen, argon, dry and humid air. It is observed that the electrical conductivity of the nanowires is significantly dependent on the number of oxygen and water molecules adsorbed to the surface of the metal oxide nanowire. These results are critical for development of low cost metal oxide sensors for high performance ubiquitous environmental sensors of oxygen and humidity.

scholarly journals A novel opto-mechanical system constituted by LEDs to employment in photobiostimulation: Clinical application in optical therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso J. Barbosa ◽  
Crisaldo Teles ◽  
Leonardo M. Moreira ◽  
Álvaro J. Damião ◽  
Carlos J. de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Mechanical System ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Novel Device ◽  
Laser Systems

Optical techniques of photobiostimulation, which use transducer as lasers and LEDs, have been employed in the treatment of several diseases. The laser systems usually irradiate in a reduced area of the target biological tissue, presenting high cost of acquisition. Devices with a LED of “Surface Mount Device” (SMD) type have high angle of light emission, implying in intense decrease of the density of optical potency. Furthermore, the use of this device requires the utilization of a cooling system, which provokes an increase in the cost of this product. In the present work, it is suggested the application of a novel opto-mechanical device constituted by usual LEDs with package dimension of 5 mm of diameter, which presents significant efficient and very low cost. The arrangement of the geometric configuration of these LEDs is elaborated in such way that all units emit photons in a unique section of an specific area. An opto-mechanical system was developed, which includes seven LEDs, being that six of these LEDs are disposed in a specific angle around a unique central LED. It is important to notice that all the opto-mechanical system with seven LEDs emit light in a unique area. Besides, a methodology was employed to allow the verification of the distribution of light intensity upon this respective area. This arrangement allows that this novel device propitiate measurements of the degree of homogeneity of the light intensity in specific areas, which are accessed by the seven light emitting units. The potency employing LEDs in the red (visible) and near infrared regions were also measured, being that the result demonstrated the capability of clinical application in optical therapy of photobiostimulation, which was also used in a pilot test of clinical application.

scholarly journals Hybrid Atmosphere Processing of Lead-Free Piezoelectric Sodium Potassium Niobate-Based Ceramics

Ceramics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astri Bjørnetun Haugen
Keyword(s):  
Lead Free ◽  
Piezoelectric Response ◽  
Potassium Niobate ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Sodium Potassium Niobate ◽  
Phase Pure ◽  
High Alkali ◽  
Surface Decomposition ◽  
Air Processing

K0.5Na0.5NbO3-based ceramics, a promising group of lead-free piezoelectrics, are challenging to sinter dense while avoiding alkali evaporation. This work explores hybrid atmosphere processing, a new approach where reducing atmospheres is used during heating to avoid coarsening from alkali carbonates and hydroxides, and oxidizing atmospheres is used during sintering to avoid alkali evaporation. Discs of Li0.06(K0.52Na0.48)0.94Nb0.71Ta0.29O3 with 0.25 mol% Mn (KNNLTM) were sintered in air, N2, 9% H2 in N2, or 9% H2 in N2 during heating and air during sintering (hybrid atmosphere processing). The highest density was obtained by sintering in 9% H2 in N2, but resulted in high alkali loss and decomposition of the surface, followed by low piezoelectric response. However, with the hybrid H2/air processing it was possible to both avoid surface decomposition and leakage currently associated with alkali evaporation during sintering in H2, and to obtain a denser, more phase-pure and small-grained KNNLTM ceramic with a higher piezoelectric response than obtained by sintering in air or N2.

Meter Data Management System with Multi-Channel Power Supply and Matrix Electrical Measurements

2013 ◽  
Vol 303-306 ◽  
pp. 995-1001
Author(s):  
Chin Shun Hsu ◽  
Chao Yang Lee ◽  
Feng Sheng Hsu ◽  
Chu Sing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Management System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Management System ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Channel Power ◽  
Measurement Control ◽  
Switch Circuit

Today, due to the increase in smart grid and DC appliances implement the use of renewable energy, the power consumption of equipment and appliances can be monitored by smart outlet or smart meter. However, if every devices are installed a meter will be very expensive and lack of flexibility. This work proposes a combination of multi-channel power supply and matrix measurement of electrical meter data management system to increase system built facilitate and promote greater consumption analysis flexibility and benefits. The proposed method includes a programmable logic controller (PLC)based Multi-channel power supply switch circuit (MPSC), measurement control circuit and Zigbee intelligent socket (Smart Outlet) for collecting and controlling the power flow with wireless communication. Three types of wireless metering methods are used to compare cost and metering error rate. The experimental results reveal this work can be an efficient and low-cost metering solution.

scholarly journals Additive Manufactured Waveguide for E-Band Using Ceramic Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Florian Hubert ◽  
Tobias Bader ◽  
Larissa Wahl ◽  
Andreas Hofmann ◽  
Konstantin Lomakin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
Metallization Process ◽  
Waveguide Geometry

Ceramic materials are chemical- and temperature-resistant and, therefore, enable novel application fields ranging from automotive to aerospace. With this in mind, this contribution focuses on developing an additive manufacturing approach for 3D-printed waveguides made of ceramic materials. In particular, a special design approach for ceramic waveguides, which introduces non-radiating slots into the waveguides sidewalls, and a customized metallization process, are presented. The developed process allows for using conventional stereolithographic desktop-grade 3D-printers. The proposed approach has, therefore, benefits such as low-cost fabrication, moderate handling effort and independence of the concrete waveguide geometry. The performance of a manufactured ceramic WR12 waveguide is compared to a commercial waveguide and a conventionally printed counterpart. For that reason, relevant properties, such as surface roughness and waveguide geometry, are characterized. Parsing the electrical measurements, the ceramic waveguide specimen features an attenuation coefficient of 30–60 dB/m within the E-Band. The measured attenuation coefficient is 200% and 300% higher compared to the epoxy resin and the commercial waveguide and is attributed to the increased surface roughness of the ceramic substrate.

scholarly journals Effect of Growth Time on the Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of the 1%Fe doped TiO2 p-type Synthesized by Hydrothermal Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1133-1143
Author(s):  
Sattar J. Hashim ◽  
Odai N. Salman ◽  
Khaleel I. Hassoon
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Tio2 Films ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Hydrothermal Technique ◽  
Doped Tio2 ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Films ◽  
P Type

In this work, a hydrothermal technique is employed to prepare titanium dioxide films on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates. A low-cost homemade autoclave was used to fabricate iron-doped -TiO2 films (1at. %Fe) at different reaction times from 1 to 4 hours.  X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that the predominant phase is rutile (R-TiO2) with peaks at (101), (002), and (112). The XRD results showed that with increasing reaction time the peaks become sharper and narrowed. The images of the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) showed that with increasing reaction time the films appeared to have vertically aligned TiO2 nanorods. The atomic force microscope (AFM) results illustrated that surface roughness and the root means square was decreased with increasing the reaction time. UV-visible spectroscopy analysis revealed that the energy bandgap value (Eg) decreased with reaction time up to 3 hours. Urbach energy for the grown films was found to be decreased with increasing growth time. The electrical measurements indicated that all TiO2 films had p-type conductivity.

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