scholarly journals Polypropylene/Graphene Nanocomposites: Effects of GNP Loading and Compatibilizers on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Al-Saleh ◽  
Abdirahman A. Yussuf ◽  
Salah Al-Enezi ◽  
Roaya Kazemi ◽  
Mat Uzir Wahit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

In this research work, graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were selected as alternative reinforcing nanofillers to enhance the properties of polypropylene (PP) using different compatibilizers called polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) and ethylene-octene elastomer grafted maleic anhydride (POE-g-MA). A twin screw extruder was used to compound PP, GNP, and either the PP-g-MA or POE-g-MA compatibilizer. The effect of GNP loading on mechanical and thermal properties of neat PP was investigated. Furthermore, the influence and performance of different compatibilizers on the final properties, such as mechanical and thermal, were discussed and reported. Tensile, flexural, impact, melting temperature, crystallization temperature, and thermal stability were evaluated by using a universal testing system, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). For mechanical properties, it was found that increasing GNP content from 1 wt.% to 5 wt.% increased tensile strength of the neat PP up to 4 MPa. The influence of compatibilizers on the mechanical properties had been discussed and reported. For instance, the addition of PP-g-MA compatibilizer improved tensile strength of neat PP with GNP loading. However, the addition of compatibilizer POE-g-MA slightly decreased the tensile strength of neat PP. A similar trend of behavior was observed for flexural strength. For thermal properties, it was found that both GNP loading and compatibilizers have no significant influence on both crystallization and melting temperature of neat PP. For thermal stability, however, it was found that increasing the GNP loading had a significant influence on improving the thermal behavior of neat PP. Furthermore, the addition of compatibilizers into the PP/GNP nanocomposite had slightly improved the thermal stability of neat PP.

Dispersion, mechanical and thermal properties of nano graphite platelets reinforced flouroelastomer composites

e-Polymers ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deng Xu ◽  
V. Sridhar ◽  
Thanh Tu Pham ◽  
Jin Kuk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Exfoliated Graphite ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Reinforcing Fillers ◽  
Processing Of Composites

AbstractThe potential of exfoliated graphite nano platelets (xGnP™) as reinforcing fillers in flouroelastomer has been investigated. The dispersion of the nano graphite platelets in the polymer matrix has been investigated by WAXD, SEM, TEM, EPMA and AFM. WAXD studies indicated that the processing of composites did not change the inter-gallery distance (d-spacing) of the graphite platelets. The effect of increasing nano graphite loadings on mechanical properties like tensile strength, modulus and tear resistance has been studied. Formation of weld lines on the fracture surface of the composite has been observed by SEM. The thermal stability was determined using thermogravimetric analysis. The composites showed higher thermal stability in comparison with nonreinforced polymer.

The influence of adding long basalt fiber on the mechanical and thermal properties of composites based on poly(oxymethylene)

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrycja Bazan ◽  
Stanisław Kuciel ◽  
Mariola Sądej
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Atr Spectroscopy

The work has evaluated the possibility of the potential reinforcing of poly(oxymethylene) (POM) by basalt fibers (BFs) and influence of BFs addition on thermal properties. Two types of composites were produced by injection molding. There were 20 and 40 wt% long BFs content with an average length of 1 mm. The samples were made without using a compatibilizer. In the experimental part, the basic mechanical properties (tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, strain at break, flexural modulus, flexural strength, and deflection at 3.5% strain) of composites based on POM were determined. Tensile properties were also evaluated at three temperatures −20°C, 20°C, and 80°C. The density and Charpy impact of the produced composites were also examined. The influence of water absorption on mechanical properties was investigated. Thermal properties were conducted by the differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, and fourier transform infrared (FTIR)-attenuation total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy analysis. In order to make reference to the effects of reinforcement and determine the structure characteristics, scanning electron microscopy images were taken. The addition of 20 and 40 wt% by weight of fibers increases the strength and the stiffness of such composites by more than 30–70% in the range scale of temperature. Manufactured composites show higher thermal and dimensional stability in relation to neat POM.

MECHANICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF SAWDUST CONCRETE

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruhal Pervez Memon ◽  
Abdul Rahman Mohd. Sam ◽  
A. S. M. Abdul Awal ◽  
Lemar Achekzai
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Long Duration

 Industrialization in developing countries has resulted in an increase in agricultural output and consequent accumulation of unmanageable agro wastes. Pollution arising from such wastes is a matter of concern for many developing nations. The aim of this study is to investigate the behavior of lightweight concrete and the utilization of sawdust as waste material in concrete. This paper focuses on the manufacturing of concrete which possess long duration heat transfer by using sawdust waste. In this research, cement to sawdust ratio of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 by volume was prepared for sawdust concrete, and the ratio of sand was kept constant that is 1. At these ratios, the mechanical and thermal properties like density, workability, strength and heat transfer were measured after, 7, 28 and 56 days of air curing. The tests results show that with the increase in the amount of sawdust, the workability, compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength decreased. It also resulted in reduction of heat transfer of sawdust concrete. Taking into account the overall physical and mechanical properties, sawdust concrete can be used in construction technology. 

Effect of chain extender on the mechanical and thermal resistance properties of polyurethane liners for composite propellants

Polyurethanes ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ross ◽  
G. Sevilla ◽  
J. Quagliano
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal Changes ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Chain Lengths

AbstractPolyurethane formulations utilized as liners for composite propellants were prepared by the reaction of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) with hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), while polymer chains were further extended with neopentyl glycol diol, NPG triol and two different triols (monoglyceryl ricinoleate, MRG and trimethylolpropane, TMP). Liners were formulated with micronized titanium dioxide mechanically dispersed in hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB). The molecular structures of liners were confirmed by FT-IR. Thermal properties indicated that the nature of chain extender (crosslinker) only slightly affected the temperatures for decomposition of liners. Two main thermal changes were found at 370∘C and another at around 440–500∘C, depending on the chain extender utilized. On the other side, mechanical properties varied within the range of 0,7-1,8 MPa, consistent with this kind of elastomers. Tensile strength at break was only significantly affected with TMP and MRG-chain extended liners at the lowest concentrations tested of 1,3 and 2% (w/w), respectively. However, the behaviour depended on whether TDI or IPDI isocyanate was utilized for curing. TMP 1,3% crosslinked liner cured with TDI had a tensile strength of 1,82MPa whileMRG-crosslinked liner cured with IPDI had a tensile strength of 1,56 MPa. It was observed that at the higher NCO/OH ratios essayed, tensile strength and hardness increased, improving mechanical properties. Our results confirmed that TMP and MRG triols together with NPG diols can be used to tailor mechanical and thermal properties of liners, considering their different hydroxyl functionalities and chain lengths.

Mechanical and thermal properties and crystallization behavior of PA66 composites reinforced with MWCNTs-coated milled glass fiber

2020 ◽  
pp. 095400832094392
Author(s):  
Xiangmin Xu ◽  
Beibei Tong ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Yudong Zhang ◽  
Binjie Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Fracture Morphology ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Polyamide 66 ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

Constructing a hierarchical structure of nanomaterials on the surface of reinforcing fibers is the best strategy to obtain other desired functions while improving the mechanical properties of polymers. In this article, acid-treated multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were introduced to the surface of milled glass fiber (MGF) under the combined action of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 3-aminopropyltriethyloxysilane to prepare a hierarchical fiber (MWCNTs-GF). The surface morphology and microstructure of this hierarchical fiber were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope, and a composite coating with MWCNTs as the main component was observed on each fiber surface. Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy revealed the presence of the specific interactions between MWCNTs and MGF. Polyamide 66 (PA66) composites with different content of MWCNTs-GF were fabricated by melt blending. The resulting composites exhibited improved mechanical properties relative to pure PA66, in which the tensile strength and notched impact strength of the composite filled with 3 wt% MWCNTs-GF increased by 23.3% and 69.0%, respectively. Subsequently, by analyzing fracture morphology and interfacial adhesion of the composites, the strengthening and toughening mechanisms of MWCNTs-GF were elaborated in detail. In addition, the results of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry showed that MWCNTs-GF possessed strong heterogeneous nucleation ability, and its addition could refine the grain size of PA66 and significantly increase the crystallization temperature and thermal stability of the corresponding composites. Compared to PA66 composites reinforced with neat MGF, it was found that the unique surface structure of MWCNTs-GF was likely responsible for improved thermal properties of this hierarchical fiber-reinforced PA66 composites.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Montmorillonite-Reinforced Polypropylene/Rice Husk Hybrid Nanocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaliq Majeed ◽  
Ashfaq Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Saifullah Abu Bakar ◽  
Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia ◽  
Naheed Saba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Compatibilizing Agent ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In recent years, there has been considerable interest in the use of natural fibers as potential reinforcing fillers in polymer composites despite their hydrophilicity, which limits their widespread commercial application. The present study explored the fabrication of nanocomposites by melt mixing, using an internal mixer followed by a compression molding technique, and incorporating rice husk (RH) as a renewable natural filler, montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay as water-resistant reinforcing nanoparticles, and polypropylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) as a compatibilizing agent. To correlate the effect of MMT delamination and MMT/RH dispersion in the composites, the mechanical and thermal properties of the composites were studied. XRD analysis revealed delamination of MMT platelets due to an increase in their interlayer spacing, and SEM micrographs indicated improved dispersion of the filler(s) from the use of compatibilizers. The mechanical properties were improved by the incorporation of MMT into the PP/RH system and the reinforcing effect was remarkable as a result of the use of compatibilizing agent. Prolonged water exposure of the prepared samples decreased their tensile and flexural properties. Interestingly, the maximum decrease was observed for PP/RH composites and the minimum was for MMT-reinforced and PP-g-MAH-compatibilized PP/RH composites. DSC results revealed an increase in crystallinity with the addition of filler(s), while the melting and crystallization temperatures remained unaltered. TGA revealed that MMT addition and its delamination in the composite systems improved the thermal stability of the developed nanocomposites. Overall, we conclude that MMT nanoclay is an effective water-resistant reinforcing nanoparticle that enhances the durability, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of composites.

Study of Wood Plastic Composites on Mechanical and Thermal Properties after Immersed into Water

2014 ◽  
Vol 1004-1005 ◽  
pp. 497-500
Author(s):  
Wang Wang Yu ◽  
Dong Xue
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Negative Effect

In this study, silvergrass (SV) reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites were prepared. The effects of slivergrass fibers (SV) content on the mechanical properties, crystalline properties of wood plastic composites (WPCs) before and after water absorption were investigated. It was found that compared with the untreated WPCs after immersed into water, the tensile strength of PMDI treated composites were higher. Silvergrass can be the nucleating agent with treated by PMDI. The Xc of PMDI treated WPCs after immersed into water was also increased. However, this improved Xc has negative effect on mechanical properties.

Potential use of cotton dust as filler in the production of thermoplastic composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (30) ◽  
pp. 4147-4155
Author(s):  
Nadir Ayrilmis ◽  
Türker Güleç ◽  
Emrah Peşman ◽  
Alperen Kaymakci
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Cotton Dust ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Significant Difference

The effect of cotton dust as filler on the mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene composites was investigated and the results were compared with the properties of wood plastic composites. Cotton dust was obtained from the dust filtration system located in a textile manufacturing unit. Different mixtures of cotton dust (30 to 60 wt%) or wood flour (30 to 60 wt%) were compounded with polypropylene with a coupling agent (maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene 3 wt%) in a twin-screw co-rotating extruder. The test specimens were produced by injection molding machine. The tensile strength and flexural modulus of the specimens improved with the increase in the filler content. There was no significant difference in the strength and modulus values between the cotton dust and wood flour filled composites. The highest thermal stability was found to be in the composites produced with 40 wt% of cotton dust according to the results of differential scanning calorimetry analysis. Based on the findings obtained from the present study, the optimum mechanical and thermal properties for the filled polypropylene composites were found to be a 50/50/3 formulation of cotton dust, polypropylene, and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, respectively.

Effect of Blend Ratio on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polyurethane/Silicone Rubber Conductive Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 264-269
Author(s):  
Heng Chun Wei ◽  
Teh Pei Leng ◽  
Yeoh Chow Keat
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Conductive Filler ◽  
Material Testing ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This work reports on mechanical and thermal properties of a novel polymer blend. Blends were prepared by mixing silicone rubber with diphenyl – 4,4 – dissocyanate in different ratios. Graphene nanoplatelets was added as conductive filler to improve the electrical conductivity of the blends. The mechanical properties, including tensile and tear performances were measured by a material testing system. The thermal stability of the blends was measured by thermogravimetric analysis. Incorporation 20 vol.% of silicone rubber can help to improve the thermal stability of the blend, meanwhile optimum mechanical properties of the blends is achieved.

Improvement Properties of Recycled Polypropylene by Reinforcement of Coir Fiber

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 2027-2030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poonsub Threepopnatkul ◽  
Chanin Kulsetthanchalee ◽  
K. Bunmee ◽  
N. Kliaklom ◽  
W. Roddouyboon
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Coir Fiber ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene

This research was to study the related mechanical and thermal properties of recycled polypropylene from post consumer containers reinforced with coir fiber. Surface of coir fiber was treated with sodium hydroxide to remove lignin and hemicelluloses and likely to improve the interfacial adhesion in the composites. The composites of treated coir fiber and recycled polypropylene were prepared by varying the coir fiber contents at 5%, 10% and 20% by weight using a twin screw extruder. The thermal properties were investigated by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The results from TGA showed that thermal stability of the composites was lower than that of recycled polypropylene resin and thermal stability decreased with increasing coir fiber content. From DSC results, it indicated that the crystallinity of treated coir fiber composites increased as a function of fiber content. The mechanical properties of injection-molded samples were studied by universal testing machine. The treated coir fiber composites produced enhanced mechanical properties. The tensile strength, tensile modulus and impact strength of modified coir fiber/recycled polypropylene composites increased as a function of coir fiber content.

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