scholarly journals Reusing Discarded Ballast Waste in Ecological Cements

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Yagüe García ◽  
Cristina González Gaya
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
Cement Manufacturing

Numerous waste streams can be employed in different cement production processes, and the inclusion of pozzolans will, moreover, permit the manufacture of concrete with improved hydraulic properties. Pozzolanic materials can be added to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) in the range of 10%–20% by mass of cement. One such example is the phyllosilicate kaolinite (K), and its calcined derivative metakaolin (MK), incorporated in international cement manufacturing standards, due to its high reactivity and utility as a pozzolan. In the present paper, discarded ballast classed as Construction and Demolition Waste (C&DW) is reused as a pozzolanic material. Various techniques are used to characterize its chemical, mineralogical, and morphological properties, alongside its mechanical properties, such as compressive and flexural strength. Discarded ballast in substitution of cement at levels of 10% and 20% produced type II or IV pozzolanic cements that yielded satisfactory test results.

scholarly journals Composition of Plastic Fractions in Waste Streams: Toward More Efficient Recycling and Utilization

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ville Lahtela ◽  
Marko Hyvärinen ◽  
Timo Kärki
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Infrared Spectrum ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Waste Stream ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Global Goal

Reuse of materials is a significant global goal that contributes to sustainable development. Polymer-specific plastic identification from the waste stream is examined in this study to achieve environmentally optimistic reuse of plastic material in secondary applications. Two diverse waste streams, 86.11 kg of construction and demolition waste (CDW) plastic and 57.74 kg of mechanically sorted plastic, were analyzed by using a handheld tool whose identification technology was based on the near-infrared spectrum. The study indicates a significant effect of human and single fraction on manual separation. The polymer composition in the plastic waste stream varied depending on the source, but the most common plastic grades, polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE), were represented in every waste stream. The waste stream also included unidentified and unfavorable wastes, which indicates that identification of the plastic fractions is needed and more studies should be done in this field in the future.

scholarly journals Suitability Assessment of Construction and Demolition Waste as a Highway Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Afroja Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Los Angeles Abrasion ◽  
Aggregate Impact Value

For Being a developing country urbanization is growing rapidly in Bangladesh and there has been a significant increase in the construction of roads. But due to lack of financial aid many of the roads are still unsealed. However, not only the utilization of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) in flexible pavement will be helpful for the reduction of road construction costs but also it will help to reduce environmental pollution which may be caused by disposing CDW in open area. The objective of this research is to utilize the CDW in base and sub base layers in the flexible pavement design to reduce the cost of road construction and environmental pollution. Proceeding by collecting CDW like brick from demolished building and conventional brick from kiln, a no of standard test conducted in laboratory namely Aggregate Impact Value, Crushing Value, Specific Gravity, Water Absorption and Loss Angeles Abrasion Test for three times. After analyzing the test results, we found that the average Aggregate Impact Value for CDW and Conventional Aggregate (CA) are respectively 29.52% and 23.87%, Aggregate Crushing value for CDW and CA are respectively 28.10% and 22.88%, Los Angeles Abrasion value for CDW and CA are respectively 31.47% and 28.52%, specific gravity value for CDW and CA both is 1.75, water absorption for CDW and CA are respectively 7.62% and 12.23%. After analyzing the test results and comparing with the standard value, we figure out that the CDW are useful for using base and sub base layers in the flexible pavement.

scholarly journals Utilization of brick waste as pozzolanic material in concrete mix

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Raghda Resin ◽  
Abeer Alwared ◽  
Suhair Al-Hubboubi
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Corrosion Of Steel ◽  
By Products ◽  
High Range

Recycling of construction and demolition waste and recycling of industrial by-products into building materials has an enormous potential. Brick waste can be treated by reusing for construction. Recently, the utilization of pozzolanic materials in cement and concrete have increased considerably due to their diverse benefits such as lesser use of cement , saving in production costs, improvement in the durability of concrete and so on. Ground bricks was added to concrete mix as partial replacement of cement at (5, 10, 15) % by weight. It was evaluated as a pozzolanic material in conjunction with high range water reducing admixture superplasticizer (HRWR)-The study confirmed that the use of 10 % of ground brick improved compressive, flexure strength of concrete by about (23.3%) and (5.92%) respectively at 240 days as compared to reference concrete and decreased the depth of water penetration under pressure by about 43.75% at 150 days, also the water absorption decreased by about 2.52%. The uses of 10% of grinding brick in conjunction with high range water reducing admixture reduced corrosion of steel reinforcement by about 18%.

scholarly journals Recycled Aggregates from Construction and Demolition Waste in the Manufacture of Urban Pavements

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6605
Author(s):  
Manuel Contreras-Llanes ◽  
Maximina Romero ◽  
Manuel Jesús Gázquez ◽  
Juan Pedro Bolívar
Keyword(s):  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Breaking Load ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Precast Elements ◽  
Concrete Elements

Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) is among the largest waste streams in the world. Therefore, within the Circular Economy concept, there is a growing interest in its reuse. The purpose of this work was to study the use of recycled aggregates (RAs) obtained by a specific separation method from CDW, replacing natural aggregates (NAs) in the manufacture of precast concrete elements, such as kerbstones and paver blocks. The physical and technological properties of precast products formulated with RAs were analysed in accordance with current regulations, comparing them with those of commercial products manufactured with NAs. The results indicated that partial or total substitution of NAs by RAs increased the water absorption and apparent porosity values of the precast elements while reducing the bulk density and compressive strength. However, all units manufactured with RAs showed breaking load values higher than the minimum required by EN 1338 and, in some cases, slightly higher average tensile strength values than the reference material. In addition, some of the compositions including RAs gave rise to pieces that, according to their flexural strength, were classified as class 1 and marked S in accordance with EN 1340. According to abrasion resistance, in most cases, the precast elements are classified as Class 4 and I (≤20 mm). Finally, precast concrete produced from RAs satisfies the tolerance requirements for classification as class 3 (≤1.5 kg m−2). Therefore, it could be suitable for use in high pedestrian or traffic areas.

scholarly journals BIOGEOCHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LANDFILL FRACTION GENERATED BY MECHANICAL WASTE SORTING

Detritus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 120-135
Author(s):  
Emelie Andersson ◽  
Marit Jobs ◽  
Anders Lagerkvist ◽  
Lennart Elfgren
Keyword(s):  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Construction And Demolition Wastes ◽  
Mixed Waste

As the resource recovery from mixed waste streams are performed, new mixed waste streams are generated. Some of these waste streams does not fit well to existing waste management options, for example, they may hold a to low heating value to sustain combustion and they may have a too high carbon content to be accepted at non-hazardous landfills. Also various health and pollution risks may arise as well as practical handling issues due to the physical properties of such wastes. One such waste is the under sieve fraction generated when recovering metals and fuel from mixed waste streams using mechanical and magnetic separation tools. Such mechanical sorting is typically used for mixed wastes of different properties and particle sizes, such as houshold bulky wastes, construction and demolition waste, and at landfill mining materials. In this work, we examine the properties of one case of mechanical sorting of bulky wastes, including construction and demolition wastes. We analyse a broad spectrum of chemical, physical, and mechanical properties as well as some biological. Based on the data we develop recommendations for landfilling, what potential problems might arise and how to counteract them.

scholarly journals Study on Preparation of Brick Blocks by Using Construction Waste and Sludge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raguraman Vaithiyasubramanian ◽  
Deepasree Sriniva ◽  
Arul Kumar Kanagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Sludge Waste

Abstract Sewage waste is a crucial factor in the disposal and also harmful to the environment. The growing demand for waste utilization is construction and demolition waste. This study aims in preparing a brick using construction and demolition waste and sludge waste. The materials such as fly-ash, cement, construction, and demolition waste, and sludge waste are used. The sludge content was added at constant percentage of 30%, 40% and 50% with different proportions such of fly-ash, cement and demolition waste of 3:2:2, 1:3:2, 2:1:2, 2:3:2, 2:3:1, 2:2:1, 2:2:3, 3:2:1, and 1.5:1.5:2 respectively. The physical characteristics such as compressive strength, bulk density, and chemical characterization such as water absorption, pH, and detection of heavy metals were carried out. The test results infer that increase in the content of sludge, the strength decreased. Maximum compressive strength of 14.5 Mpa was achieved for the ratio of 2:3:2 at 30% of sludge. The maximum bulk density was achieved at 30% of sludge. This was attributed due to the presence of organic properties in the brick. Moreover, the water absorption increases with an increase in the percentage of sludge.

A culture-based solution for construction and demolition waste management in Sri Lanka: a literature review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P.K.D. Mendis ◽  
◽  
A. Samaraweera ◽  
D.M.G.B.T. Kumarasiri ◽  
D. Rajini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste

CONCRETO PERMEÁVEL COM AGREGADO DA RECICLAGEM DE RESÍDUOS DA CONSTRUÇÃO E DEMOLIÇÃO: REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA / PERMEABLE CONCRETE WITH AGGREGATE FROM CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE RECYCLING: LITERATURE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 73169-73180
Author(s):  
Kelly Patrícia Torres Vieira Brasileiro ◽  
Bacus de Oliveira Nahime ◽  
Michell Macedo Alves ◽  
Pâmela Millena Kunan ◽  
Vitor Alvares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste
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