scholarly journals Hybrid Systems Based on Talc and Chitosan for Controlled Drug Release

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano C. B. Lima ◽  
Caio C. Coelho ◽  
Fabrícia C. Silva ◽  
Andréia B. Meneguin ◽  
Hernane S. Barud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Release Capacity ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Drug Incorporation

Inorganic matrices and biopolymers have been widely used in pharmaceutical fields. They show properties such as biocompatibility, incorporation capacity, and controlled drug release, which can become more attractive if they are combined to form hybrid materials. This work proposes the synthesis of new drug delivery systems (DDS) based on magnesium phyllosilicate (Talc) obtained by the sol–gel route method, the biopolymer chitosan (Ch), and the inorganic-organic hybrid formed between this matrix (Talc + Ch), obtained using glutaraldehyde as a crosslink agent, and to study their incorporation/release capacity of amiloride as a model drug. The systems were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Therma analysis TG/DTG, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) that supported the DDS’s formation. The hybrid showed a better drug incorporation capacity compared to the precursors, with a loading of 55.74, 49.53, and 4.71 mg g−1 for Talc + Ch, Talc, and Ch, respectively. The release assays were performed on a Hanson Research SR-8 Plus dissolver using apparatus I (basket), set to guarantee the sink conditions. The in vitro release tests showed a prolongation of the release rates of this drug for at least 4 h. This result proposes that the systems implies the slow and gradual release of the active substance, favoring the maintenance of the plasma concentration within a therapeutic window.

scholarly journals Cytocompatibility and Dielectric Properties of Sr2+ Substituted Nano-Hydroxyapatite for Triggered Drug Release

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Lakshmanaperumal Sundarabharathi ◽  
Mahendran Chinnaswamy ◽  
Hemalatha Parangusan ◽  
Deepalekshmi Ponnamma ◽  
Mariam Al Ali Al-Maadeed
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Dielectrical Properties ◽  
Living Tissues

Hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH) is a well-known bioceramics material used in medical applications because of its ability to form direct chemical bonds with living tissues. In this context, we investigate the biocompatibility and dielectric properties of Sr2+-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method. The influence of strontium on the crystal structure, functional group, morphological, electrical properties, and biocompatibility of as-synthesized nano-hydroxyapatite samples was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Dielectrical properties of the bioactive Sr-HA sample were investigated by a dielectric impedance spectroscopy method. The observed results illustrate the incorporation of Sr2+ ions in the apatite lattice could influence the pure HA properties, by reducing the crystallite size and crystallinity quite consistent with the morphology variation. The ac conductivity (σac) increased with an increasing applied frequency confirmed that prepared HA sample exhibited the universal power law nature. Further, the in vitro drug loading and release studies using doxycycline as a model drug demonstrate that the Sr2+ -HA nanoparticles show high drug adsorption capacity and sustained drug release. Thus, the improved bioceramics system could be a promising candidate for future biomedical applications.

A thermoresponsive amphiphilic dendron — Synthesis, characterization, and self-assembled micelles for controlled drug release

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 600-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xu ◽  
Lidong Shao ◽  
Minqi Hu ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Yunmei Bi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Dendron Micelles ◽  
Model Drug

A new third-generation thermoresponsive amphiphilic dendron consisting of a hydrophobic poly(benzyl ether) dendritic core and hydrophilic oligo(ethylene glycol) peripheries was synthesized by an efficient convergent approach. Its structure was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, GPC, MALDI-TOF MS, and elemental analysis. Turbidity and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements demonstrated that the dendron showed a reversible temperature-dependent phase-transition behavior in aqueous solution and its lower critical solution temperature (LCST) was lower than that of the corresponding second-generation dendron, indicating the dependence of LCSTs on the generation of dendrons. Fluorescent spectroscopy and TEM studies revealed that the dendron would self-assemble into nanospherical micelles with a very low critical micelle concentration (CMC) in water. The core-shell structure of the micelles was proved by 1H NMR analyses of the micelles in D2O. The drug-loading capacity of the dendron micelles is about 29 wt % for podophyllotoxin (POD) used as a model drug, and in vitro release tests showed a desired thermoresponsive drug-release behavior. These results indicate that the dendron is promising as stimuli-responsive material for biomedical applications.

scholarly journals FABRICATION OF NANO CLAY INTERCALATED POLYMERIC MICROBEADS FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CURCUMIN

2021 ◽  
pp. 206-215
Author(s):  
DHARMENDER PALLERLA ◽  
SUMAN BANOTH ◽  
SUNKARI JYOTHI
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Release Studies ◽  
Swelling Studies ◽  
Vitro Release

Objective: The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate the Curcumin (CUR) encapsulated sodium alginate (SA)/badam gum (BG)/kaolin (KA) microbeads for controlled drug release studies. Methods: The fabricated microbeads were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (X-RD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Dynamic swelling studies and in vitro release kinetics were performed in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4) and simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2) at 37 °C. Results: FTIR confirms the formation of microbeads. DSC studies confirm the polymorphism of CUR in drug loaded microbeads which indicate the molecular level dispersion of the drug in the microbeads. SEM studies confirmed the microbeads are spherical in shape with wrinkled and rough surfaces. XRD studies reveal the molecular dispersion of CUR and the presence of KA in the developed microbeads. In vitro release studies and swelling studies depend on the pH of test media, which might be suitable for intestinal drug delivery. The % of drug release values fit into the Korsmeyer-Peppas equation and n values are obtained in the range of 0.577-0.664, which indicates that the developed microbeads follow the non-Fickian diffusion drug release mechanism. Conclusion: The results concluded that the CUR encapsulated microbeads are potentially good carriers for controlled drug release studies.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Drug Delivery of Chitosan-Silica Hybrid Microspheres for Bone Tissue Engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niu Niu ◽  
Shu-Hua Teng ◽  
Hua-Jian Zhou ◽  
Hai-Sheng Qian
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
High Dispersity ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Regular Spherical Shape

Chitosan-silica (CS-SiO2) hybrid microspheres were prepared through the combined process of sol-gel and emulsification-crosslinking. Their composition, morphology, in vitro bioactivity, and drug release behavior were investigated. The results showed that, when 20 wt% SiO2 was incorporated, the as-prepared CS-SiO2 hybrid microspheres exhibited a regular spherical shape, a high dispersity, and a uniform microstructure. Their average particle diameter was determined to be about 24.0 μm. The in situ deposited inorganic phase of the hybrid microspheres was identified as amorphous SiO2, and its actual content was determined by the TG analysis. As compared with the pure chitosan microspheres, the CS-SiO2 hybrid microspheres displayed a greatly improved in vitro bioactivity. Vancomycin hydrochloride (VH) was selected as a model drug. It was demonstrated that the CS-SiO2 hybrid microspheres presented a good capacity for both loading and sustained release of VH. Moreover, the increase of the SiO2 content efficiently slowed down the drug release rate of the CS-SiO2 hybrid microspheres.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Lyophilized Chitosan-Based Hydrogels Cross-Linked with Benzaldehyde for Controlled Drug Release

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad Damiri ◽  
Yahya Bachra ◽  
Chaimaa Bounacir ◽  
Asmae Laaraibi ◽  
Mohammed Berrada
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Synthetic Process ◽  
Chitosan Salt

In this study, chitosan-based hydrogels were produced by incorporating three drugs with a different solubility into a polymer matrix. The lyophilized chitosan salt was prepared using an innovative and less-expensive synthetic process by the freeze-drying technique. Firstly, the three drugs (caffeine, ascorbic acid, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)) were selected as model drugs to test the in vitro release behavior of the hydrogel. The drugs were solubilized in chitosan salt, lyophilized, and cross-linked with benzaldehyde involving the formation of a Schiff base with (–C=N-) linkage to produce a physical hydrogel. Subsequently, the physicochemical properties of N-benzyl chitosan and lyophilized chitosan salt were evaluated by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The intrinsic viscosity of the conventional chitosan was determined by the Mark–Houwink–Sakurada equation. Moreover, the kinetics of hydrogel swelling and drug release were studied by the UV-visible method at physiological conditions (pH = 7.4 at 37°C). The results show that lyophilized N-benzyl chitosan had a maximum swelling ratio of 720 ± 2% by immersion in phosphate-buffered saline solutions (PBS) (pH = 7.4 at 37°C). In vitro drug releases were evaluated in PBS, and the obtained results show that the maximum drug release after 24 h was 42% for caffeine, 99% for 5-FU, and 94% for ascorbic acid. Then, to optimize the cumulative release of caffeine, Tween 20 was added and 98% as a release percentage was obtained. The drug-loading results were investigated with the Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetic model and applied to determine the drug release mechanism.

Ultrasound Effect on Swelling Properties and Drug Release Behaviors of Spray-Dried Tapioca Starch Tablets

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Somkamon Manchun ◽  
Sontaya Limmatvapirat ◽  
Pornsak Sriamornsak
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Tapioca Starch ◽  
Control Drug ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
New Processing ◽  
Modified Tapioca Starch

Modified starches have been widely used as an excipient in matrix tablets to control drug release. A new processing method for the production of modified starch, high power ultrasonic treatment (400 W), was applied to native tapioca starch. The spray drying technique was used after modification (i.e., by ultrasonic or heat treatment). Matrix tablets were then prepared by direct compression using theophylline as a model drug. The effect of starch modification on swelling, erosion and in vitro drug release behaviors of compressed matrices was investigated in 0.1 N HCl or phosphate buffer (pH 6.8). The matrix tablets of modified tapioca starch formed a continuous gel layer while in contact with the aqueous medium undergoing a combination of swelling and erosion. The ultrasound-treated starch swelled and eroded less than the native starch and heat-treated starch, thus the drug release from matrix tablets using ultrasound-treated starch was slower. For these results, it can be concluded that the ultrasound-treated starch was a promising excipient for controlled drug release.

scholarly journals Fabrication of bionanocomposite based on LDH using biopolymer of gum arabic and chitosan-coating for sustained drug-release

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
pp. 1223-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Abniki ◽  
Ali Moghimi ◽  
Fariborz Azizinejad
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
New Formulation

The study proposed a new formulation to the sustained delivery of mefenamate anions intercalated into Mg?Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) for oral administration. Different experimental conditions were evaluated to incorporate the mefenamic acid (MEF) and gum arabic (GUM) into LDH structure. The LDH?MEF and LDH?MEF/GUM were covered with chitosan (CHIT). In another experiment, LDH?Cl was used to adsorb mefenamate anions and evaluate the mechanism. The products of LDH were characterized by using different techniques such as FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy and TGA (thermogravimetric analysis). The X-ray diffraction patterns and FTIR analyses confirmed that the MEF and GUM were successfully intercalated into the interlayer space of LDH. TG analysis verified that the thermal stability of intercalated MEF in the form of bionanocomposite (LDH?MEF/ /GUM/CHIT) was enhanced. Finally, In vitro drug release experiments of bionanocomposite at a pH of 1.2 (acidic medium) and a pH of 7.4 (phosphate buffer medium) showed sustained release profiles with mefenamate anions as an anti-inflammatory model drug.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Saponite Based Nanocomposites to Improve the Controlled Oral Drug Release of Model Drug Quinine Hydrochloride Dihydrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumaresan S. ◽  
Radheshyam Rama Pawar ◽  
Bhavesh D. Kevadiya ◽  
Hari C. Bajaj
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Quinine Hydrochloride ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Synthetic Saponite

In the present research study, a 2:1 type of smectite clay minerals, namely natural saponite (NSAP) and synthetic saponite (SSAP), was demonstrated for the first time to be controlled drug release host materials for the model drug quinine hydrochloride dihydrate (QU). The popular sol–gel hydrothermal technique was followed for the synthesis of saponite. The QU was ion exchanged and intercalated into an interlayered gallery of synthetic as well as natural saponite matrices. The developed QU-loaded hybrid composite materials along with the pristine materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method (BET) for surface area (SA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The characterization of material results using DSC, FTIR and PXRD confirmed the presence of saponite clay mineral phases in the original and the synthesized saponite samples. Similarly, the drug-loaded composites confirmed the successful intercalation of QU drug on the natural and synthesized saponite matrices. The oral drug release performance of both nanocomposites along with pure quinine drug was monitored in sequential buffer environments at 37 ± 0.5 °C. These composite hybrid materials showed the superior controlled release of QU in gastric fluid (pH = 1.2) and intestinal fluid (pH = 7.4). QU release was best fitted in the Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetic model and demonstrated a diffusion-controlled release from nanocomposite layered materials. The observed controlled drug release results suggest that the applied natural/synthetic saponite matrices have the potential to provide critical design parameters for the development of bioengineered materials for controlled drug release.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effect of Ultrasound and Polyethylene Glycol on the Mechanism of the Controlled Drug Release from Polylactide Matrices

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 880
Author(s):  
Wenting Bao ◽  
Xianlong Zhang ◽  
Hong Wu ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
Shaoyun Guo
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Melt Extrusion ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Vitro Release

In this paper, the synergistic effect of ultrasound and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the controlled release of a water soluble drug from polylactide (PLA) matrices was studied. When ultrasound was used following the hot melt extrusion (HME) of the PLA/model drug release system, the release of the model drug (Methylene Blue (MB)) from the PLA when immersed in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was affected by the variation of the parameters of ultrasound. It was found that no more than 2% PLA dissolved during the in-vitro release study, and the release of the MB from the PLA was diffusion controlled and fit well with the Higuchi diffusion model. Polyethylene glycol (PEG), which has high hydrophilicity and rapid dissolution speed, was blended with the PLA during the melt extrusion to enhance the release of the MB. The analysis of the structure and properties of the in-vitro release tablets of PLA/PEG/MB indicated that the ultrasound could improve the dispersion of MB in the PLA/PEG blends and it could also change the structure and properties of the PLA/PEG blends. Due to the dissolution of the PEG in PBS, the release of the MB from the PLA/PEG drug carrier was a combination of diffusion and erosion controlled release. Thus a new mechanism combining of diffusion and erosion models and modified kinetics model was proposed to explain the release behavior.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GRAPHENE GRAFTED CHITOSAN/POLYANILINE NANOCOMPOSITES FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF ANTICANCER DRUG DOXORUBICIN

2019 ◽  
pp. 138-143
Author(s):  
SUCHISMITA MOHANTY ◽  
SUBRATA SARANGI ◽  
GOURI SANKAR ROY
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Drug Release Rate ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Model Drug

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to functionalized graphene (f-GE) grafted chitosan (CS)/Polyaniline (PANI) with Montmorillonite (MMT) was different feed ratio known as f-GE-g-(CS/MMT-PANI). Methods: The prepared f-GE-g-(CS/MMT-PANI) was formulated using the solvent casting method. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), thermogravimetric (DTG) and swelling in stimulated in the different biological fluid. The model drug Doxorubicin (DOX) was used for controlled drug delivery purpose. Results: From FTIR result was clearly demonstrated that the model drug DOX did not change in any molecular level at f-GE-(CS/MMT-PANI) (i.e. at<10 nm scale). Additionally, in DSC result, DOX was interacted with nanocomposites at scale>100 nm level. With CS as the carrier, 60% of the drug was released in SIF for the initial 120 min and this increased to 80–82% with f-GE-g-CS/MMT/PANI matrix. But in SGF, CS as the carrier, 46% of the drug was released in 140 min and this increased to 78% with f-GE-g-CS/MMT/PANI. In vitro drug release system was carried out by Korsmeyer Peppas’s power law. DOX and other drugs like Doxorubicin (DOX) was presented an exceptional higher drug result in different pH medium. Conclusion: It was observed that CS/MMT was decreasing less drug release rate compared to f-GE-g-(CS/MMT-PANI). So that it can be clearly understood that f-GE-g-(CS/MMT-PANI) grafted nanocomposites have enhanced drug release activity in different pH medium.

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