scholarly journals Ultrasound-Mediated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP)

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Zaborniak ◽  
Paweł Chmielarz
Keyword(s):  
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Atom Transfer ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complex Architectures

Ultrasonic agitation is an external stimulus, rapidly developed in recent years in the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) approach. This review presents the current state-of-the-art in the application of ultrasound in ATRP, including an initially-developed, mechanically-initiated solution with the use of piezoelectric nanoparticles, that next goes to the ultrasonication-mediated method utilizing ultrasound as a factor for producing radicals through the homolytic cleavage of polymer chains, or the sonolysis of solvent or other small molecules. Future perspectives in the field of ultrasound in ATRP are presented, focusing on the preparation of more complex architectures with highly predictable molecular weights and versatile properties. The challenges also include biohybrid materials. Recent advances in the ultrasound-mediated ATRP point out this approach as an excellent tool for the synthesis of advanced materials with a wide range of potential industrial applications.

Characterization of electrospun polylactide nanofibers modified via atom transfer radical polymerization

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372093038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mushtaq ◽  
Rahim Jindani ◽  
Amjad Farooq ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Hina Saba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Surface Grafting ◽  
Atom Transfer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polymerization Method ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polylactic acid-based membranes received considerable attention due to its novel biocompatibility, renewability, and biodegradability. In this study, PLA electrospun nanofibrous membrane was prepared and 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) was used as a monomer for surface grafting of polymer chains via the atom transfer radical polymerization method. Then the PLA nanofibers were quaternized by using bromoethane. The characterization of poly(DMAEMA) graft PLA nanofiber (poly(DMAEMA)-g-PLA) membranes was done by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results showed that the diameter of PLA nanofibers increased 15% as the concentration increased from 10% to 12% and then increased 23% as the concentration of PLA solution increased from 10% to 15%. But the regularity of average diameters is best achieved at 12% concentration.

Influence of less active initiator on the living performance of atom transfer radical polymerization and the structure of the synthesized grafted copolymer

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (25) ◽  
pp. 19117-19127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honghong Gong ◽  
Junjie Li ◽  
Daming Di ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Zhicheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Atom Transfer ◽  
Grafted Copolymer ◽  
Active Initiator

By monitoring the grafting structure of P(VDF-CTFE)-g-PMMA synthesized from FeCl2/PPh3 and CuCl/BPy catalyzed ATRP process, the influence of less active initiator on the living performance and the evolution of growing polymer chains was disclosed.

Synthesis of Imidazole End-Capped Poly(n-butyl methacrylate)s via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization with a new functional initiator containing imidazolium group

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aihua Zhu ◽  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Meiran Xie ◽  
Yiqun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Butyl Methacrylate ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Atom Transfer ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
System A ◽  
Rate Of Polymerization ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Optimal Reaction Temperature

AbstractThe synthesis of imidazole end-capped poly(n-butyl methacrylate)s via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is reported. n-Butyl methacrylate (n- BMA) was polymerized in isopropyl alcohol (IPA) at different temperatures via ATRP using a new N-heterocyclic functional initiator (1-α-bromoisobutylimidazole, BrBI) in the presence of CuBr/2,2’-bipyridine (bpy) as the catalyst. With this new initiating system, a successful ATRP of n-BMA was carried out, and imidazole endcapped polymers with predetermined molecular weights and low polydispersities (1.1<PDI<1.3) were obtained at low polymerization temperature (below 80 °C). Furthermore, the dependence of both the rate of polymerization and PDI on temperature gave the optimal reaction temperature (50 °C). However, at elevated temperature (especially above 80 °C), some different phenomena appeared in the polymerization: the conversion of monomer remains constant after reaching a maximum value (20%-30%), and the higher the temperature, the lower the conversion obtained.

scholarly journals Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for the Preparation of Well-Defined Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Nanomaterials

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Flejszar ◽  
Paweł Chmielarz
Keyword(s):  
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Atom Transfer ◽  
Hybrid Nanomaterials ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Catalyst Complex ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Grafted Nanoparticles ◽  
Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization

Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) is a powerful tool that allows for the synthesis of organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials with high potential applications in many disciplines. This review presents synthetic achievements and modifications of nanoparticles via SI-ATRP described in literature last decade. The work mainly focuses on the research development of silica, gold and iron polymer-grafted nanoparticles as well as nature-based materials like nanocellulose. Moreover, typical single examples of nanoparticles modification, i.e., ZnO, are presented. The organic–inorganic hybrid systems received according to the reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) approach with drastically reduced catalyst complex concentration indicate a wide range of applications of materials including biomedicine and microelectronic devices.

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