scholarly journals A Study of the Structural Characteristics of Titanium Alloy Products Manufactured Using Additive Technologies by Combining the Selective Laser Melting and Direct Metal Deposition Methods

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Samodurova ◽  
Ivan Logachev ◽  
Nataliya Shaburova ◽  
Olga Samoilova ◽  
Liudmila Radionova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Metal Deposition ◽  
Additive Technologies ◽  
Direct Metal Deposition ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

Titanium alloy product manufacturing is traditionally considered to be a rather difficult task. Additive manufacturing technologies, which have recently become quite widespread, can ensure the manufacture of titanium alloys products of an arbitrary geometrical shape. During this study, we have developed a methodology for manufacturing titanium alloys products using additive technologies on FL-Clad-R-4 complex of laser melting of metals by combined Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Direct Metal Deposition (DMD) methods. Ti–6Al–4V and Ti–6Al–4Mo–1V alloys were used for the manufacture of samples. We studied the microstructure of the obtained details and measured the microhardness of the samples. We discovered a gradient of the structure throughout the height of the details walls, which is connected with the peculiarities of thermal cycles of the technology used. This affected the microhardness values: in the upper part of the details, the microhardness is 10–25% higher (about 500 HV) than in the lower part (about 400 HV). Products made according to the developed technique do not have visible defects and pores. The obtained results indicate the competitiveness of the proposed methodology.

Martensite decomposition during post-heat treatments and the aging response of near-α Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–2Mo (Ti-6242) titanium alloy processed by selective laser melting (SLM)

2021 ◽  
pp. 2050018
Author(s):  
Haiyang Fan ◽  
Yahui Liu ◽  
Shoufeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Aging Response

Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–2Mo (Ti-6242), a near-[Formula: see text] titanium alloy explicitly designed for high-temperature applications, consists of a martensitic structure after selective laser melting (SLM). However, martensite is thermally unstable and thus adverse to the long-term service at high temperatures. Hence, understanding martensite decomposition is a high priority for seeking post-heat treatment for SLMed Ti-6242. Besides, compared to the room-temperature titanium alloys like Ti–6Al–4V, aging treatment is indispensable to high-temperature near-[Formula: see text] titanium alloys so that their microstructures and mechanical properties are pre-stabilized before working at elevated temperatures. Therefore, the aging response of the material is another concern of this study. To elaborate the two concerns, SLMed Ti-6242 was first isothermally annealed at 650[Formula: see text]C and then water-quenched to room temperature, followed by standard aging at 595[Formula: see text]C. The microstructure analysis revealed a temperature-dependent martensite decomposition, which proceeded sluggishly at [Formula: see text]C despite a long duration but rapidly transformed into lamellar [Formula: see text] above the martensite transition zone (770[Formula: see text]C). As heating to [Formula: see text]C), it produced a coarse microstructure containing new martensites formed in water quenching. The subsequent mechanical testing indicated that SLM-built Ti-6242 is excellent in terms of both room- and high-temperature tensile properties, with around 1400 MPa (UTS)[Formula: see text]5% elongation and 1150 MPa (UTS)[Formula: see text]10% elongation, respectively. However, the combination of water quenching and aging embrittled the as-built material severely.

Characteristics of Powders from Different Aluminum Alloys for Additive Technologies Obtained by Gas Atomization

2021 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 564-569
Author(s):  
P.A. Lykov ◽  
L.A. Glebov
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
Additive Technologies ◽  
Gas Atomization ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Hardened Alloy ◽  
Cast Alloys ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

Selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the additive manufacturing technologies that allows us to produce complex shape metallic objects from powder feedstock. Al-alloys are very promising materials in selective laser melting. In this paper, atomized metal powders of various aluminum alloys are investigated: 1) deformable alloys АК4, АК6; 2) cast alloys АК9ph, АК12; 3) deformable hardened alloy D16. As a part of the work, the particle shape, particle size distribution and technical characteristics of the powders were investigated, and also the compliance of materials with the requirements of additive technologies (SLM) was determined.

Direct Fabrication of a Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb Alloy by Selective Laser Melting and Direct Metal Deposition Processes

2010 ◽  
Vol 89-91 ◽  
pp. 586-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Vilaro ◽  
V. Kottman-Rexerodt ◽  
Marc Thomas ◽  
Christophe Colin ◽  
P. Bertrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Metal Deposition ◽  
Direct Metal Deposition ◽  
Jet Engines ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Metastable Structures ◽  
High Microhardness ◽  
Deposition Processes

A Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb (at.%) material was fabricated using two laser-based methods, “Selective Laser Melting” (SLM) and “Direct Metal Deposition” (DMD), for potential uses in aircraft jet engines. Experiments were conducted under controlled atmosphere by changing the processing parameters. Optimal parameters were searched for this relatively low ductility material to prevent cracking due to built-up residual stresses during fast cooling. It was observed that these non-equilibrium cooling conditions were fast enough to generate ultra fine and metastable structures exhibiting high microhardness values. Post heat-treatments were successfully used to restore homogeneous lamellar or duplex microstructures and to relieve the residual stresses. A comparison of these two methods is provided in terms of powder requirements and of process parameters to achieve noncracked structures and fully dense materials.

Comparative study of structural phase condition and mechanical properties of Ni–Cr(X) и Fe–Cr(Х) heat-resistant alloys obtained using additive technologies

2018 ◽  
pp. 76-86
Author(s):  
Yu. R. Kolobov ◽  
A. N. Prokhorov ◽  
S. S. Manokhin ◽  
A. Yu. Tokmacheva-Kolobova ◽  
D. I. Serebryakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Metal Deposition ◽  
Additive Technologies ◽  
Laser Metal Deposition ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Direct Metal Laser Sintering ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Iron Based

The comparative study covers the features of formation, thermal stability of structure and mechanical properties of heatresistant Ni and Fe based alloys obtained using additive technologies (AT) by direct metal laser sintering, selective laser melting. It is found that alloys obtained by direct metal laser sintering have a cellular structure formed with small pores up to 200 nm in size, in contrast to alloys obtained by selective laser melting having elements with a globular and lamellar morphology and not completely melted areas as well as large pores about 5 μm in size. The study reveals a possible effect of nanophase hardening due to the presence of nanosized particles of chromium silicides in the material. A comparative analysis of the mechanical properties of studied materials is carried out. It is shown that the iron-based alloys have higher strength and lower ductility compared to nickel alloys. All studied samples obtained by selective laser melting demonstrate higher strength characteristics in comparison with alloys obtained by laser metal deposition. As a result of short-term annealing at a temperature of 900–1000 °C for 1 h leads to a significant reduction in the plasticity and strength of iron-based AT alloys during tensile and compression tests at room and elevated temperatures. During compression tests at t = 900 °C, iron-and nickel-based alloys obtained by laser metal deposition have similar strength characteristics. Unlike iron-based alloys, additional annealing of nickel-based AT alloys has virtually no impact on its strength properties.

scholarly journals Application of additive technologies for synthesis of titanium alloys of Ti-Al, Ti-Al-Nb systems of elemental powders

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00037
Author(s):  
Alexey Grigoryev ◽  
Igor Polozov ◽  
Anatoliy Popovich ◽  
Vadim Sufiyarov
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Additive Technologies ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Given ◽  
Layer Melting

Additive technologies are one of the drivers for development of new industrial revolution. For developing additive production it is necessary to expand the nomenclature of materials used in the form of powders. One of the ways for synthesizing new alloys in additive technologies is applying a mixture of powders as primary components; the powders correspond in their composition to the given alloy. The technology of selective laser melting enables synthesizing the necessary alloy by means of layer by layer melting of a powder mixture. A study of the process of Ti-5Al and Ti-6Al-7Nb titanium alloys synthesis of elemental powders by means of selective laser melting was undertaken in this work. Microstructure, chemical composition, mechanical properties of the synthesized alloys were studied and also the influence of thermal processing on the microstructure of the Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy obtained of elemental powders was explored.

Properties of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloys obtained by selective laser melting

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
M.A. Kaplan ◽  
◽  
М.A. Smirnov ◽  
A.A. Kirsankin ◽  
M.A. Sevostyanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Laser Melting

Effect of laser rescanning on Ti6Al4V microstructure during selective laser melting

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440542097609
Author(s):  
Weipeng Duan ◽  
Meiping Wu ◽  
Jitai Han
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Human Body ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Volume Porosity ◽  
Biomedical Field

TC4, which is one of the most widely used titanium alloy, is frequently used in biomedical field due to its biocompatible. In this work, selective laser melting (SLM) was used to manufacture TC4 parts and the printed parts were heat-treated using laser rescanning technology. The experimental results showed that laser rescanning had a high impact on the quality of SLMed part, and a different performance on wear resistance can be found on the basis. It can be seen that the volume porosity of the sample was 7.6 ± 0.5% without using any further processing technology. The volume porosity of the sample processed using laser rescanning strategy was decreased and the square-framed rescanning strategy had a relative optimal volume porosity (1.5 ± 0.3%) in all these five samples. With the further decreasing of volume porosity, the wear resistance decreased at the same time. As its excellent bio-tribological properties, the square-framed rescanning may be a potential suitable strategy to forming TC4 which used in human body.

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