scholarly journals Universal Adhesives: Setting Characteristics and Reactivity with Dentin

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris Papadogiannis ◽  
Maria Dimitriadi ◽  
Maria Zafiropoulou ◽  
Maria-Dimitra Gaintantzopoulou ◽  
George Eliades
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Film Properties ◽  
Adhesive Film ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Oxygen Inhibition ◽  
Universal Adhesives ◽  
Self Etch ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Insoluble Salt

The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of six commercially available universal dental adhesives: Adhese Universal (ADU), All-Bond Universal (ABU), Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CBQ), G-Premio Bond (GPB), Prelude One (PRO) and Scotchbond Universal (SBU). The properties tested were: (a) degree of C=C conversion (DC%); (b) Vickers micro-hardness (VHN); (c) extent of oxygen inhibition (OI/μm), all related with the adhesive film properties; (d) extent of dentin demineralisation (DM%), insoluble salt formation (AS%); and (e) shear bond strength (SBS, self-etch mode) related to the adhesive-dentin interactions. Statistical analysis (α = 0.05) was performed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (DC%, VHN, OI, DM% AS%) and Weibull analysis (SBS, σ0-β). The DC ranged from 67.2–82.5% (all >GPB), OI from 5.6–18.6 μm (SBU > ADU, GPB, ABU > CBQ > PRO), microhardness from 1.1–6.6 VHN (SBU > ADU > ABU > CBQ > PRO > GPB: not measurable), DM from 69.3% (GPB) to 16–12.5% (CBQ, SBU, ADU) and 13.2–10.6% (ABU, ADU, PRO), in homogeneous groups and AS from 26–15.9% (ABU, CBQ > GPB, PRO, ADU, SBU). For SBS the σ0 (characteristic life) ranged from 29.3–16.6 MPa (CBQ, ADU, ABU, SBU > PRO > GPB), the β (reliability) from 5.1–9.7 (p > 0.05). All failure modes were of mixed type (adhesive and composite cohesive). Although all these adhesives were based on the 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) adhesive monomer, the different co-monomers, solvents and catalysts led to variations in their film properties, reactivity and bonding capacity with dentin.

scholarly journals Bond Durability of Different Resin Cements to Caries-Affected Dentin Under Simulated Intrapulpal Pressure

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
MF Mohamed ◽  
HA El Deeb ◽  
IE Gomaa ◽  
EH Mobarak
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Adhesive Resin ◽  
Machine Failure ◽  
Etch And Rinse ◽  
Adhesive Resin Cement ◽  
Self Etch

SUMMARY Objective: To evaluate the durability of the bond of different resin cement systems to normal dentin (ND) and caries-affected dentin (CAD) with and without simulated intrapulpal pressure (IPP). Methods and Materials Molars with midcoronal caries were used. Occlusal enamel was cut to expose both dentin substrates (ND and CAD). Dentin substrates were differentiated using visual, tactile, caries-detecting dye, and dye-permeability methods. Prepared crown segments were equally divided according to the tested resin cement systems: etch-and-rinse resin cement, self-etch resin cement containing methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP), and self-adhesive resin cement. In addition to the dentin substrates and the resin cement types, the effect of application/storage conditions (with or without simulated IPP and with or without thermocycling) were tested. A microtensile bond strength test was done using a universal testing machine. Failure modes were determined using a scanning electron microscope. Results Etch-and-rinse resin cement strength values were significantly affected by the difference in the dentin substrates as well as the different application/storage conditions. Self-etch adhesive containing MDP bonded equally to ND and CAD and remained stable under all tested conditions. Self-adhesive resin cement revealed a similar bond to ND and CAD; however, its values were the lowest, especially when IPP and thermocycling were combined. Mixed failure was the predominant failure mode. Conclusions Etch-and-rinse resin cement was sensitive to dentin substrate and application/storage conditions. Resin cement with self-etch adhesive containing MDP revealed more reliable bonding to ND/CAD even when IPP and thermocycling were combined. The bonding of the self-adhesive resin cement could not compete with other resin cements.

scholarly journals Bond Stability of Universal Adhesives Applied To Dentin Using Etch-And-Rinse or Self-Etch Strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Cardoso de Cardoso ◽  
Leina Nakanishi ◽  
Cristina Pereira Isolan ◽  
Patrícia dos Santos Jardim ◽  
Rafael Ratto de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
The Self ◽  
Bond Stability ◽  
Bonding Performance ◽  
Etch And Rinse ◽  
Universal Adhesives ◽  
Self Etch

Abstract This study evaluated the immediate and 6-month dentin bond strength of universal adhesives used in etch-and-rinse or self-etch bonding strategies. The adhesives tested were Ambar Universal, G-Bond, Single Bond Universal, Tetric N-Bond Universal, and Ybond Universal. Gold standard adhesives (Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus and Clearfil SE Bond) were controls. Microtensile dentin bond strength (n=5 teeth), pH, and C=C conversion (n=3) were evaluated. Data were analyzed at α=0.05. All adhesives showed differences in pH. Ybond had intermediately strong aggressiveness, whereas the others were ultra-mild. The C=C conversion was different in most adhesives. In the etch-and-rinse strategy, all adhesives showed similar results generally except for G-Bond, which had lower bond strength than most adhesives. G-Bond and Tetric-N-Bond showed lower bond strengths after 6 months compared with 24 h, whereas the other adhesives had stable dentin bonds. In the self-etch strategy, G-Bond had lower bond strength than most adhesives. After 6 months, Ambar was the only adhesive showing lower dentin bond strength compared with 24 h. Most adhesives had discreet drops in bond strength during aging when used in the self-etch strategy. The failure modes were also material dependent, with a general pattern of increased adhesive and/or pre-testing failures after storage. In conclusion, the bonding performance of universal adhesives to dentin is material dependent. Most adhesives had stable dentin bonds with results comparable to the gold standard materials, particularly when applied in the self-etch mode. In general, it seems the use of universal adhesives in dentin should not be preceded by phosphoric acid etching.

In Vitro Longevity of Bonding Properties of Universal Adhesives to Dentin

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Muñoz ◽  
I Luque-Martinez ◽  
P Malaquias ◽  
V Hass ◽  
A Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy Data ◽  
Universal Adhesive ◽  
Etch And Rinse ◽  
Universal Adhesives ◽  
Self Etch

SUMMARY Purpose To evaluate the immediate and 6-month resin-dentin bond strength (μTBS) and nanoleakage (NL) of universal adhesives that contain or do not contain methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) and are used in the etch-and-rinse and self-etch strategies. Methods and Materials Forty caries-free extracted third molars were divided into eight groups for μTBS (n=5). The groups were bonded with the Clearfil SE Bond (CSE) and Adper Single Bond 2 (SB) as controls; Peak Universal, self-etch (PkSe) and etch-and rinse (PkEr); Scotchbond Universal Adhesive, self-etch (ScSe) and etch-and-rinse (ScEr); and All Bond Universal, self-etch (AlSe) and etch-and-rinse (AlEr). After composite restorations, specimens were longitudinally sectioned to obtain resin-dentin bonded sticks (0.8 mm2). The μTBS of the specimens was tested immediately (IM) or after 6 months of water storage (6M) at 0.5 mm/min. Some sticks at each storage period were immersed in silver nitrate and photo developed, and the NL was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed with two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and Tukey test (α=0.05). Results At the IM period, PkSe and PkEr showed μTBS similar to the control adhesives (p>0.05) but increased NL pattern and lower μTBS after 6M (p<0.05). ScSe and ScEr showed intermediary μTBS values at the IM period but remained stable after 6 months (p>0.05). AlSe showed the lowest μTBS (p<0.05), but μTBS and NL remained stable after 6M (p>0.05). AlEr showed higher IM μTBS but showed higher degradation after 6M (p<0.05). Conclusions Universal adhesives that contain MDP showed higher and more stable μTBS with reduced NL at the interfaces after 6 months of water storage.

scholarly journals Effect of Alternative Self-Etch Applications on Dentin Bond Strength of “No Wait Concept” Universal Adhesives

2021 ◽  
pp. 282-290
Author(s):  
Tugba Serin-Kalay ◽  
Beyza Zaim
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Tensile Force ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Universal Adhesives ◽  
Diamond Saw ◽  
No Wait ◽  
Self Etch

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of alternative self-etch application modes on resin-dentin microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of three commercially available “no wait” concept universal adhesives. Materials and methods: In this study extracted impacted non-carious human third molars were used. The flat surfaces were prepared in mid-coronal dentin and prepared with a 600-grit SiC paper. The three universal adhesives that were used are as follows: Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CUQ, Kuraray Noritake, Japan), G-Premio Bond (GPB, GC Corp, Japan), and a self-curing universal adhesive “Tokuyama Universal Bond” (TUB; Tokuyama Dental, Japan). The following three different application procedures were used for the dentin surfaces: the adhesives were applied and immediately subjected to air-dry; the adhesives were applied followed by a 10-second wait; or the adhesives were rubbed for 10 seconds. Then composite resin was applied to the dentin surface and light cured. After storage in 37°C distilled water for 24 h, all the bonded teeth were cut into 1mm² sections using a low-speed diamond saw (Micracut 125 Low Speed Precision Cutter, Metkon, Bursa, Turkey) under running water (n=15). The sections were subjected to a tensile force at a crosshead speed of 1mm/min in a testing apparatus (Microtensile Tester, Bisco, IL, USA) and µTBS values were measured. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test. Failure modes were analyzed under a stereomicroscope. Results: Prolonged application time significantly affected the µTBS (p<0.005). A significant increase of µTBS on active application was observed for CUQ and GPB. The TUB with an active application had a significantly lower µTBS value compared with the other adhesives. Conclusions: Prolonged application time caused significant improvement of bond strength in all adhesives. The active application is effective at increasing the dentin bond strength except for TUB.

Effect of Different Protocols in Preconditioning With EDTA in Sclerotic Dentin and Enamel Before Universal Adhesives Applied in Self-etch Mode

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
EC Martini ◽  
SO Parreiras ◽  
MF Gutierrez ◽  
AD Loguercio ◽  
A Reis
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Microtensile Bond Strength ◽  
Universal Adhesive ◽  
Etching Pattern ◽  
Bonding Performance ◽  
Universal Adhesives ◽  
Microshear Bond Strength ◽  
Self Etch ◽  
Main Factor

SUMMARY Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different protocols of 17% ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) conditioning on the etching pattern and immediate bond strength of universal adhesives to enamel and sclerotic dentin. Methods and Materials: Forty bovine teeth with sclerotic dentin and 20 human third molars were randomly divided into eight groups resulting from the combination of the main factors surface treatment (none, two-minute EDTA conditioning manual application, 30-second EDTA manual application, 30-second EDTA sonic application) and adhesives systems (Scotchbond Universal Adhesive [SBU] and Prime & Bond Elect [PBE]). Resin-dentin and enamel-dentin bond specimens were prepared and tested under the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and microshear bond strength (μSBS) tests, respectively. The etching pattern produced on the unground enamel and the sclerotic dentin surfaces under the different protocols and adhesive systems was evaluated under scanning electron microscopy. Results: For enamel, only the main factor adhesive was significant (p&lt;0.0001), with SBU showing the highest μSBS. In sclerotic dentin, the lowest mean was observed for the group without EDTA application and the highest mean in the group with EDTA application with the sonic device for 30 seconds. Regardless of the EDTA protocol, the highest means of μTBS were observed for SBU (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: EDTA conditioning improves the bonding performance of universal adhesives in the self-etch mode on sclerotic dentin, mainly when applied for 30 seconds with the aid of a sonic device. EDTA pretreatment also improves the retentive etching pattern of enamel, but it does not result in higher enamel bond strength.

scholarly journals Dentin Bonding and SEM Analysis of a New Experimental Universal Adhesive System Containing a Dendrimer

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Vasconcelos e Cruz ◽  
Mário Polido ◽  
José Brito ◽  
Luisa L. Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Universal Adhesive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Universal Adhesives ◽  
Self Etch

Due to their polymerization characteristics, hyper-branched dendrimers have lately shown to be promising candidates for use in dental materials. In this study, a new dental adhesive system was prepared, using a dendrimer derived from 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (G-IEMA), and its adhesive properties were investigated. The exposed dentin was treated with four universal adhesives (UAs): SBU (Scotchbond Universal™), FUT (Futurabond M+™), AE1 (experimental adhesive with Bis-GMA) and AE2 (experimental adhesive with G-IEMA), using Etch & Rinse (ER) or Self Etch (SE) protocols. Composite build-ups were prepared and stored for 24 h at 37 °C in distilled water. Composite/dentin beams were prepared with cross-sectional areas of 1 ± 0.3 mm2 and µTBS (Micro-tensile bond strength) test was performed at 0.5 mm/min. Failures modes were evaluated by stereomicroscopy, and bonding interfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical analysis of µTBS data was performed using General Linear (GLM) and Linear Mixed Models (LMM). The effect of adhesive type on µTBS was significant (p = 0.010), with AE1 presenting significantly higher µTBS than SBU (p = 0.019). No other differences between adhesives were observed. ER showed significantly better results than SE (p = 0.019), and no significant interactions between the adhesives and protocols were determined. Results obtained so far pinpoint the emergence of a new paradigm in the dental materials field, as G-IEMA can be used successfully as an alternative to Bis-GMA.

scholarly journals Effect of Replacing a Component of a Self-Etch Adhesive by Chlorhexidine on Bonding to Dentin

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Pomacondor-Hernandez ◽  
Alberto Nogueira de Gama Antunes ◽  
Vinicius di Hipolito ◽  
Mario Fernando de Goes
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Aspect ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Self Etch ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing a component of the self-etch adhesive Adper Scotchbond SE (liquid A + liquid B) by 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) on bond strength to dentin after 1 day, 3 months or 6 months of water storage. Eight human teeth were sectioned to expose a flat dentin surface and were then randomly assigned to 2 groups. In the control group, the dentin surfaces were treated with the adhesive according to the manufacturer's instructions. In the experimental group, liquid A was replaced by 2% CHX. Next, a 6-mm-high resin composite block was incrementally built on the bonded surfaces. The restored teeth were then sectioned to produce stick-shaped specimens (cross-sectional area - 0.8 mm2). The microtensile bond strength (µTBS) was recorded, and the failure modes were assessed. Data were analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA (α=0.05). Four additional teeth were processed in order to conduct a micromorphological analysis of the resin-dentin interface. The µTBS values did not significantly decrease after water storage in either the control or the experimental group, whose values did not differ significantly irrespective of storage time. The morphological aspect of the bonding interface appears not to have been affected by CHX. A higher incidence of cohesive failures within the adhesive and mixed failures (cohesive within adhesive and resin composite) was observed for both groups. It may be concluded that dentin pre-treatment with 2% CHX did not influence significantly the bonding performance of the evaluated adhesive.

Influence of 38% silver diamine fluoride application on bond stability to enamel and dentin using universal adhesives in self‐etch mode

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-360
Author(s):  
Mark D. Markham ◽  
Akimasa Tsujimoto ◽  
Wayne W. Barkmeier ◽  
Carlos A. Jurado ◽  
Nicholas G. Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽  
Bond Stability ◽  
Universal Adhesives ◽  
Self Etch

scholarly journals Effect of Different Application Techniques of Universal Bonding System on Microtensile Bond Strength of Bulk-Fill Composites to Primary and Permanent Dentin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Fallahinejad Ghajari ◽  
Mahsa Sheikholeslamian ◽  
Amir Ghasemi ◽  
Leila Simaei
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Microtensile Bond Strength ◽  
Universal Adhesive ◽  
Bonding System ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Self Etch

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of a bulk-fill composite to permanent and primary coronal dentin using a universal adhesive in self-etch and total-etch modes. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro study was performed on 52 occlusal dentinal surfaces of human primary and permanent teeth. The crowns were cut to the gingival level. The 48 prepared dentin sections were randomly assigned to the following groups (n=13): A: Primary/Total-etch, B: Primary/Self-etch, C: Permanent/Total-etch, and D: Permanent/Self-etch. In groups A and C, after etching for 15 seconds, two layers of a universal bonding (Futurabond U) were applied and cured for 10 seconds. All samples were filled with a bulk-fill composite (x-trafil; VOCO) and cured for 40 seconds. The samples were cut to a bar-shaped dentin block with the dimensions of 1×1×1 mm3, and after 10,000 thermocycles, the μTBS test was accomplished at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of μTBS were calculated, and the data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher's exact test. Results: The mean μTBS was as follows: A: 15.03±2.0279, B: 11.11±2.4423, C: 23.50±4.8165, and D: 16.26±6.3200 MPa. Futurabond U showed a higher μTBS in the total-etch mode (P<0.001). The permanent teeth had greater μTBS than the primary teeth (P<0.001). Similar percentages of failure modes were observed in the total-etch groups but in the self-etch groups, most failures were in the form of adhesive and mixed. Conclusion: Greater μTBS was observed in the permanent teeth with the total-etch technique.

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