scholarly journals Effects of Ball Milling Processing Conditions and Alloy Components on the Synthesis of Cu-Nb and Cu-Mo Alloys

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuekun Shang ◽  
Xitao Wang ◽  
Silian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Cold Welding ◽  
Immiscible Alloys ◽  
Ball Size ◽  
Milling Method

The effects of processing parameters in ball milling and the different behaviors of Cu-Nb and Cu-Mo alloys during milling were investigated. High powder yields can be obtained by changing the BPR value and ball size distribution and no clear dependence of BPR value on powder yield can be found from the experiment results. The addition of oxygen can largely reduce the effect of excessive cold welding during ball milling. A “two-step” ball milling method was introduced to evaluate the different evolution processes and morphologies in different alloys. With 8 h pre-milling, this method considerably benefits the oxidation process of Mo and shows its promising potential in the synthesis of immiscible alloys. Based on the experiment results and analysis, we suggest that the different behaviors of Cu-Nb and Cu-Mo alloys are related to the shear modules and different tendencies to be oxidized.

scholarly journals Exploring the End-Liner Forces Using DEM Software

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1047
Author(s):  
Ngonidzashe Chimwani ◽  
Murray M. Bwalya
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Element Method ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Discrete Element ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
Cost Component ◽  
Dem Simulation ◽  
Ball Size ◽  
Ball Motion ◽  
Simulation Scheme

The main roles of liners are to protect the mill shell and promote effective ball motion for grinding. For this reason the liner profile is carefully selected to ensure that the productivity is maximized and due liner replacement is made when this objective is no longer met. These issues have been extensively studied on shell liners as mill relining is a significant cost component of ball milling. To date, not much has been written about end-liners and the kind of forces they are subjected to. A discrete element method (DEM) simulation scheme is conducted to look at how ball size distribution, mill filling, end-liner configuration and shape affect the distribution of forces acting on the liners that were assessed to understand end-liner wear and damage. The results showed how forces varied both radially and tangentially for the different sections of end-liner, with important insights drawn for end-liner manufactures.

scholarly journals Mechanochemical Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization: Development, Scope, and Mechano-Only Copolymer Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gue Seon Lee ◽  
Hyo Won Lee ◽  
Hyun Sub Lee ◽  
Taeyang Do ◽  
Jean-Louis Do ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization ◽  
Metathesis Polymerization ◽  
Ball Size ◽  
Milling Method

Ruthenium-alkylidene initiated ring-opening metathesis polymerization (Ru-ROMP) was realized under solid-state conditions employing a mechanochemical ball milling method, promoting greenness and broadening scope. High-speed ball milling provided sufficient mixing and energy to the reaction mixture comprised of the catalyst and solid monomers, thus eliminating the need for solvents. Studies on the catalytic species and ball milling parameters (liquid-assisted grinding, vibration frequency, and ball size) revealed that mechanical energy regulated solid-state Ru-ROMP and it follows similar mechanistic features of solution-phase reactions. The solubility and miscibility of monomer and Ru-initiator are not a limitation in solid-state ball milling. Without the use of a solvent, a wide spectrum of solid monomers, including ionomer, fluorous monomer, and macromonomers, were successfully polymerized. Finally, effective direct copolymerization of immiscible monomers such ionic/hydrophobic and ionic/fluorous monomers resulted in a set of copolymers that are difficult to make using traditional solution procedures.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic improvement of Y3+ modified TiO2 prepared by a ball milling method and application in shrimp wastewater treatment

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (26) ◽  
pp. 14609-14620
Author(s):  
Di Wu ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Dashuai Zhang ◽  
Lili Wang ◽  
Xiaopeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Semiconductor Photocatalysis ◽  
Gas Phases ◽  
Milling Method

Semiconductor photocatalysis is an advanced oxidation process driven by solar energy which has widespread applications in the treatment of organic pollutants in liquid and gas phases.

scholarly journals Effects of Processing Parameters on the Synthesis of (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3Nanopowders by Reactive High-Energy Ball Milling Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Duc Van
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Ball Milling ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Stoichiometric Mixture ◽  
Powder Mass ◽  
Milling Method ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Carbonato Complex

The effects of ball milling parameters, namely, the ball-to-powder mass ratio and milling speed, on the synthesis of (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3nanopowders by high-energy ball milling method from a stoichiometric mixture containing Na2CO3, K2CO3, and Nb2O5were investigated in this paper. The results indicated that the single crystalline phase of (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3was received in as-milled samples synthesized using optimized ball-to-powder mass ratio of 35 : 1 and at a milling speed of 600 rpm for 5 h. In the optimized as-milled samples, no remaining alkali carbonates that can provide the volatilizable potassium-containing species were found and (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3nanopowders were readily obtained via the formation of an intermediate carbonato complex. This complex was mostly transformed into (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3at temperature as low as 350°C and its existence was no longer detected at spectroscopic level when calcination temperature crossed over 700°C.

scholarly journals Binary Self-Assembly of Nanocolloidal Arrays using Concurrent and Sequential Spin Coating Techniques

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Shih-Jyun Shen ◽  
Demei Lee ◽  
Yu-Chen Wu ◽  
Shih-Jung Liu
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Substrate ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
The Self ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Polystyrene Spheres ◽  
Optimal Processing ◽  
Spin Coater

This paper reports the binary colloid assembly of nanospheres using spin coating techniques. Polystyrene spheres with sizes of 900 and 100 nm were assembled on top of silicon substrates utilizing a spin coater. Two different spin coating processes, namely concurrent and sequential coatings, were employed. For the concurrent spin coating, 900 and 100 nm colloidal nanospheres of latex were first mixed and then simultaneously spin coated onto the silicon substrate. On the other hand, the sequential coating process first created a monolayer of a 900 nm nanosphere array on the silicon substrate, followed by the spin coating of another layer of a 100 nm colloidal array on top of the 900 nm array. The influence of the processing parameters, including the type of surfactant, spin speed, and spin time, on the self-assembly of the binary colloidal array were explored. The empirical outcomes show that by employing the optimal processing conditions, binary colloidal arrays can be achieved by both the concurrent and sequential spin coating processes.

Ball milling method encapsulated α-Fe2O3 into g-C3N4 as efficient and stable photo-catalysts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijuan Shao ◽  
Peng Yao ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Yue Yao ◽  
Guangbi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Photocatalytic Ability ◽  
Milling Method

α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4, is attributed to a Z-scheme structure, and with excellent photocatalytic ability. But this composites were prepared by conventional, the calcination/hydrothermal method. Above two methods are time-consuming and high cost...

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