scholarly journals Optical and Surface Properties of Monolithic Zirconia after Simulated Toothbrushing

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Hyun Lee ◽  
Sung-Hun Kim ◽  
Jung-Suk Han ◽  
In-Sung Luke Yeo ◽  
Hyung-In Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Monolithic Zirconia ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Surface Gloss

This in vitro study investigated the impact of various dentifrices on the shade, translucency, gloss, and surface characteristics of polishing- or glazing-finished monolithic zirconia surfaces after simulated toothbrushing. Eighty square-shaped monolithic zirconia specimens were divided into two major groups based on the finishing methods—polished (P) and glazed (G). Next, specimens from the two major groups were categorized into four subgroups: stored in distilled water (DW, control); brushed with a fluoride-free conventional dentifrice (C); brushed with a fluoride dentifrice (F); and brushed with a whitening dentifrice (W). Overall, eight groups were created—PDW, PC, PF, PW, GDW, GC, GF, and GW (n = 10 each). Shade, translucency, surface gloss, surface roughness, crystalline phase, and superficial topography data were obtained. Repeated-measures ANOVA and two-way ANOVA were used for intergroup comparison (all α = 0.05). The color differences (ΔE00) between pre- and posttreatment were 0.3158 (PDW), 0.7164 (PC), 0.7498 (PF), 0.8106 (PW), 0.1953 (GDW), 0.301 (GC), 0.3051 (GF), and 0.4846 (GW). A statistically significant difference was observed among the ΔE00, surface gloss, and surface roughness of monolithic zirconia. Thus, brushing with several dentifrices markedly affects the optical properties and surface characteristics of monolithic zirconia finished with polishing or glazing methods.

scholarly journals Comparison of Shear Bond Strength and Microleakage of Various Bulk-fill Bioactive Dentin substitutes: An in vitro Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 997-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad I Alkhudhairy ◽  
Zeeshan H Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tukey Honestly Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Introduction Various bulk-fill materials depending on their composition, viscosity, and flow ability have different physical and mechanical properties. The aim of this in vitro study was to determine and compare the shear bond strength and microleakage properties of activa restorative with other bulk-fill restorative materials surefil (SDR), Biodentine, ever X posterior. Materials and methods Forty permanent premolars were selected for shear bond strength, and 20 permanent premolars were selected with class II cavities on mesial and distal side for microleakage. Universal testing device was used to assess the shear bond strength. Microleakage was checked using dye penetration method under a stereomicroscope. Mean and standard deviation values were calculated from the recorded values. Intergroup comparison was done by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by pairwise comparison using Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) post hoc test. Results The mean shear bond strength was highest for SDR surefil followed by Ever X posterior, Bioactive restorative, and Biodentine respectively. In this study, SDR (surefil) showed better shear bond strength and better microleakage properties compared with the other test materials (F = 186.7157, p < 0.05). Conclusion The result of this study showed that flowable and fiber-reinforced composites have better shear bond strength and microleakage properties. Clinical significance Flowable bulk-fill composite resins can be used as dentin substitutes because of its superior properties. How to cite this article Alkhudhairy FI, Ahmad ZH. Comparison of Shear Bond Strength and Microleakage of Various Bulk-fill Bioactive Dentin substitutes: An in vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(12):997-1002.

scholarly journals Surface Characteristics of Milled and 3D Printed Denture Base Materials Following Polishing and Coating: An In-Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3305
Author(s):  
Pablo Kraemer Fernandez ◽  
Alexey Unkovskiy ◽  
Viola Benkendorff ◽  
Andrea Klink ◽  
Sebastian Spintzyk
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Liquid Resin ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Superior Surface ◽  
3D Printed

(1) Background: To date, no information on the polishability of milled and 3D-printed complete denture bases has been provided, which is relevant in terms of plaque accumulation. (2) Methods: three groups (n = 30) were manufactured using the cold-polymerization polymethilmethacrilate, milling (SM) and 3D printing (AM). 10 specimens of each group were left untreated (reference). 10 more specimens were pre-polished (intermediate polishing) and 10 final specimens were highgloss polished. An additional 20 specimens were 3D printed and coated with the liquid resin (coated), 10 of which were additionally polished (coated + polished). For each group Ra and Rz values, gloss value and REM images were obtained. (3). The “highgloss-polished” specimens showed statistically lower Ra and Rz values in the SM, followed by AM and conventional groups. In the AM group statistically lower surfaces roughness was revealed for highgloss-polished, “coated + polished”, and “coated” specimens, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The milled specimens demonstrated superiors surface characteristics than 3D printed and conventionally produced after polishing. The polished specimens demonstrated superior surface characteristics over coated specimens. However, the surface roughness by both polished and coated specimens was within the clinically relevant threshold of 0.2 µm.

scholarly journals Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of MIM Technology Brackets with Conventional and Rail-Shaped Mesh Bases: An In Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
Francisco Molina ◽  
Karina Maria Salvatore Freitas ◽  
Maria Cristina Rockenbach Binz Ordóñez ◽  
Emerson Flamarion Cruz ◽  
Rafael Pinelli Henriques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Metal Injection Molding ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mim Technology

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the shear bond strength of two types of MIM (Metal Injection Molding) technology brackets, one with conventional mesh base and the other with rail-shaped mesh base. Materials and Methods: Forty human premolars received the bonding of 2 types of brackets: Group 1- 20 Synergy metal brackets (Rocky Mountain) with conventional mesh base and Group 2-20 H4 brackets (OrthoClassic) with rail-shaped mesh base. Both brackets were bonded with Resilience photopolymerizable resin (OrthoTechnology). The specimens were coupled to a Tinius Olsen universal test machine where the shear test was performed using a chisel. In addition, the amount of remaining resin in tooth crown with the ImageJ program was evaluated and the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). Intergroup comparison was performed by the independent t test and Chi-square test. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups for any of the measures evaluated indicating that the mesh type of the brackets’ base with MIM technology did not influence the shear bond strength of the brackets (shear bond strength, p=0.191; maximum load registered, p=0.244). There was also no difference between the percentage (p=0.602) and area of remaining resin in the teeth (p=0.805) and IRA (p=0.625) between the Synergy and H4 groups. Conclusion: Shear bond strength was similar in the two types of brackets with MIM technology evaluated. In addition, the remaining resin in the dental enamel of two types of brackets were also similar.

scholarly journals Influence of Remineralizing Dentifrice in the Treatment of Erosive Enamel Lesions

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Júlia Bazaga Ferreira ◽  
Gabriella Rodovalho Paiva ◽  
Vinícius Rangel Geraldo-Martins ◽  
Juliana Jendiroba Faraoni ◽  
Regina Guenka Palma Dibb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov

O objetivo deste trabalho in vitro foi avaliar a influência de diferentes agentes remineralizantes no tratamento de lesões erosivas em esmalte. Foram confeccionados espécimes de 4mmx4mm e 3 mm de espessura a partir da superfície vestibular de incisivos bovinos (n=10) e divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos. G1=aplicação do dentifrício remineralizante, G2= aplicação do agente potencializador remineralizante, G3= dentifrício remineralizante + agente potencializador remineralizante, G4=aplicação de verniz fluoretado (controle positivo), G5=nenhum tratamento (controle negativo). Os espécimes foram imersos em refrigerante durante um período de 10 dias. A rugosidade superficial foi analisada por meio de microscopia confocal de varredura a laser. Os dados foram analisados quanto à homogeneidade (Levene’s) e normalidade (Kolmogorov- Smirnov). Foram realizados testes paramétricos com análise de variância a dois critérios: fator tempo e fator tratamento, e pós-teste de Tukey para diferenciação das médias. Todos os testes estatísticos tiveram nível de significância de 5% (α=0,05). Os resultados obtidos mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significantes, demonstrando a redução da rugosidade da superfície do esmalte logo após o primeiro tratamento (G3) e para os demais grupos (G1, G2 e G4) somente após o segundo tratamento. Concluiu-se que a utilização de dentifrício composto por silicato de cálcio e fosfato de sódio influenciou na rugosidade do esmalte erodido do dente bovino.Palavras-chave: Dentifrícios. Erosão Dentária. Esmalte Dentário.Abstract The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of different remineralizing agents in the treatment of enamel erosive lesions. Specimens of 4mmx4mm and 3mm thickness were made from the buccal surface of bovine incisors (n=10) and randomly divided into 4 groups. G1 = application of the remineralizing dentifrice, G2 = application of the remineralizing agent, G3 = remineralizing dentifrice + remineralizing agente, G4 = application of fluoride varnish (positive control), G5 = no treatment Specimens were immersed in refrigerant solution during a period of 10 days. The surface roughness was analyzed by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy. The data were analyzed for homogeneity (Levene's) and normality (Kolmogorov-Smirnov). Parametric tests with analysis of variance were performed on two criteria: time factor and treatment factor, and Tukey post-test for differentiation of means. All tests were statistically significant at 5% (α = 0.05). The results showed statistically significant difference, demonstrating the reduction of surface roughness after the first treatment (G3) and the other groups (G1, G2 and G4) only after the second treatment. It was concluded that the use of dentifrice composed of calcium silicate and sodium phosphate influenced the roughness of the eroded tooth enamel of the bovine tooth.Keywords: Dentifrices. Tooth Erosion. Tooth Enamel.

Influence of Polishing Systems on Surface Roughness of Composite Resins: Polishability of Composite Resins

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. E122-E132 ◽  
Author(s):  
L St-Pierre ◽  
C Martel ◽  
H Crépeau ◽  
MA Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Final Surface ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Step

SUMMARY Objectives: The objective of this in vitro study was to compare, with a threshold value of 200 nm, the surface roughness obtained when using 12 different polishing systems on four different composite resins (microfill, nanofill, and two nanohybrids). Methods and Materials: A total of 384 convex specimens were made using Durafill VS, Filtek Supreme Ultra, Grandio SO, and Venus Pearl. After sandblasting and finishing with a medium-grit finishing disc, initial surface roughness was measured using a surface roughness tester. Specimens were polished using 12 different polishing systems: Astropol, HiLuster Plus, D♦Fine, Diacomp, ET Illustra, Sof-Lex Wheels, Sof-Lex XT discs, Super-Snap, Enhance/Pogo, Optrapol, OneGloss and ComposiPro Brush (n=8). The final surface roughness was measured, and data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance. Pairwise comparisons were made using protected Fisher least significant difference. Results: There were statistical differences in the final surface roughness between polishing systems and between composite resins (p&lt;0.05). The highest surface roughness was observed for all composite resins polished with OneGloss and ComposiPro Brush. Enhance/Pogo and Sof-Lex Wheels produced a mean surface roughness greater than the 200-nm threshold on Filtek Supreme Ultra, Grandio SO, and Venus Pearl. Data showed that there was an interaction between the composite resins and the polishing systems. Conclusions: A single polishing system does not perform equally with all composite resins. Except for Optrapol, multi-step polishing systems performed generally better than one-step systems. Excluding Enhance/Pogo, diamond-impregnated polishers led to lower surface roughness. Durafill VS, a microfill composite resin, may be polished more predictably with different polishers.

scholarly journals The impact of impression coping geometrical design on accuracy of implant impressions: an experimental study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Motaz Osman ◽  
Neamat Hassan Abubakr ◽  
Ahmed Suliman ◽  
Hassan Ziada
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Geometrical Design ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aim This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of implant impression coping geometrical designs on the accuracy of open and closed impression techniques and in the parallel and nonparallel implant positions. Material and methods Three custom-made acrylic resin models of three tested implant systems (Straumann®, SIC Invent®, and Osstem®) with diverse coping geometrical designs were evaluated in simulated cases of two parallel and two nonparallel implants. The horizontal and vertical discrepancies were measured and analyzed. Results No statistically significant differences between the two impression techniques in either parallel or nonparallel implants were observed. The high retentive design of the Osstem system showed a statistically significant difference. Conclusion The geometrical design of the impression copings did not affect the accuracy for either the open and closed tray techniques. However, the high retentive coping design of the Osstem implant affected the accuracy in the open tray technique.

scholarly journals Influence of Toothbrush Abrasion and Surface Treatments on Roughness and Gloss of Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramics

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3694
Author(s):  
Nawaf Labban ◽  
Mohammad D. Al Al Amri ◽  
Sarah M Alnafaiy ◽  
Saleh M. Alhijji ◽  
Mohammad A. Alenizy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Storage Medium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Toothbrush Abrasion ◽  
Surface Gloss

The aim of this study was to compare the surface roughness and gloss of polymer-infiltrated ceramics after simulated in vitro toothbrushing in different storage mediums. Four polymer- infiltrated ceramics were evaluated, Lava ultimate (LU), Vita enamic (EN), Shofu (SH), and Crystal ultra (CU). The control group was a feldspathic ceramic, Vita Mark II (VM). One hundred and twenty specimens (12 × 14 × 2.5 mm) were prepared using a precision saw. For each material (n = 24), the specimens were allocated into two groups, polished and stained. The specimens of each group were stored (for 7 days) in either citric acid (0.2N) or distilled water. Data for surface gloss (ΔE*SCE-SCI) and roughness (Ra) were evaluated before (baseline) and after simulated toothbrushing. For toothbrushing simulation, a toothpaste slurry containing a toothpaste of 100 relative dentin abrasion (RDA) and 0.3 mL distilled water was used for 3650 cycles (7300 strokes) for each specimen. Data were analyzed using t-test and ANOVA. A p-value of ≤ to 0.05 was considered significant. The highest mean value of surface gloss was identified in CU (stained—water) (4.3 (0.47)) (ΔE*) and EN (stained—acid) (4.3 (1.00)) (ΔE*) specimens, whereas the lowest mean value was shown by SH (stained—acid) (2.04 (0.42)) (ΔE*) samples. The highest mean value of surface roughness was observed in SH (0.40 (0.99)) Ra (stained—acid) whereas the lowest in VM (0.13 (0.039)) Ra (polished—water). A significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in surface roughness and gloss between the materials with simulated toothbrushing, except in VM and LU, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that simulated toothbrushing impacts on surface roughness and gloss, irrespective of the storage medium.

scholarly journals Effects of different polishing systems on the surface roughness of two ceromers

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Iris Durães ◽  
Giulian Lennon Macêdo ◽  
Cristal Fernandez Carvalho ◽  
Viviane Maia Barreto Oliveira ◽  
Emilena Maria Castor Xisto Lima
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Average Surface Roughness ◽  
Metal Mold ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Average Surface ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dental Polishing

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> This in vitro study evaluated the effects of three polishing systems on the surface roughness of two ceromers. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> 96 specimens (8 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick) were prepared in a metal mold using two restorative materials: CERAMAGE (Shofu, Japan) and VMLC VITA (VITA Zahnfabrik, Germany). The specimens were divided into 4 groups (n=12): G1: positive control, Mylar strip; G2: abrasive tips, Edenta system; G3: silicon tips, Enhance system; and G4: abrasive tips, Shofu system. The parameter evaluated was the average surface roughness (Ra) determined by using a profilometer SJ 301 (Mitutoyo, Japan), followed by photographic evaluation images through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), with a 1000x magnification range. The data was subjected to statistical analysis for comparison between the groups (ANOVA, Tukey and Student T-tests), with a significance level of 5%. <strong>Results:</strong> there was a statistically significant difference between the silicone tip Enhance and the other groups for both ceromers with higher values of surface roughness. There was no statistically significant difference between the ceromers, except for the Shofu system, which showed lower values of surface roughness for Vita VMLC. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the Edenta and Shofu abrasive tips are more effective in reducing the surface roughness of ceromers compared with the Enhance silicone tip.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Resins; Surface roughness; Dental polishing.</p>

Surface Roughness and Gloss of Actual Composites as Polished With Different Polishing Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
SA Rodrigues-Junior ◽  
P Chemin ◽  
PP Piaia ◽  
JL Ferracane
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Small Area ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Average Surface Roughness ◽  
Single Operator ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

SUMMARY Objective: This in vitro study evaluated the effect of polishing with different polishing systems on the surface roughness and gloss of commercial composites. Methods: One hundred disk-shaped specimens (10 mm in diameter × 2 mm thick) were made with Filtek P-90, Filtek Z350 XT, Opallis, and Grandio. The specimens were manually finished with #400 sandpaper and polished by a single operator using three multistep systems (Superfix, Diamond Pro, and Sof-lex), one two-step system (Polidores DFL), and one one-step system (Enhance), following the manufacturer's instructions. The average surface roughness (μm) was measured with a surface profilometer (TR 200 Surface Roughness Tester), and gloss was measured using a small-area glossmeter (Novo-Curve, Rhopoint Instrumentation, East Sussex, UK). Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (α=0.05). Results: Statistically significant differences in surface roughness were identified by varying the polishing systems (p&lt;0.0001) and by the interaction between polishing system and composite (p&lt;0.0001). Pairwise comparisons revealed higher surface roughness for Grandio when polished with Sof-Lex and Filtek Z250 and Opallis when polished with Enhance. Gloss was influenced by the composites (p&lt;0.0001), the polishing systems (p&lt;0.0001), and the interaction between them (p&lt;0.0001). The one-step system, Enhance, produced the lowest gloss for all composites. Conclusions: Surface roughness and gloss were affected by composites and polishing systems. The interaction between both also influenced these surface characteristics, meaning that a single polishing system will not behave similarly for all composites. The multistep systems produced higher gloss, while the one-step system produced the highest surface roughness and the lowest gloss of all.

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