scholarly journals Effect of Annealing Temperature on ECD Grown Hexagonal-Plane Zinc Oxide

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukrit Sucharitakul ◽  
Rangsan Panyathip ◽  
Supab Choopun
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Photo Luminescence ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Electron Collection ◽  
Zno Nanoflakes ◽  
Zno Crystal ◽  
Zno Powder

Zinc oxide (ZnO) offers a great potential in several applications from sensors to Photovoltaic cells thanks to the material’s dependency, to its optical and electrical properties and crystalline structure architypes. Typically, ZnO powder tends to be grown in the form of a wurtzite structure allowing versatility in the phase of material growths; albeit, whereas in this work we introduce an alternative in scalable yet relatively simple 2D hexagonal planed ZnO nanoflakes via the electrochemical deposition of commercially purchased Zn(NO3)2 and KCl salts in an electrochemical process. The resulting grown materials were analyzed and characterized via a series of techniques prior to thermal annealing to increase the grain size and improve the crystal quality. Through observation via scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, we have analyzed the statistics of the grown flakes’ hexagonal plane’s size showing a non-monotonal strong dependency of the average flake’s hexagonal flakes’ on the annealing temperature, whereas at 300 °C annealing temperature, average flake size was found to be in the order of 300 μm2. The flakes were further analyzed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to confirm its hexagonal planes and spectroscopy techniques, such as Raman Spectroscopy and photo luminescence were applied to analyze and confirm the ZnO crystal signatures. The grown materials also underwent further characterization to gain insights on the material, electrical, and optical properties and, hence, verify the quality of the material for Photovoltaic cells’ electron collection layer application. The role of KCl in aiding the growth of the less preferable (0001) ZnO is also investigated via various prospects discussed in our work. Our method offers a relatively simple and mass-producible method for synthesizing a high quality 2D form of ZnO that is, otherwise, technically difficult to grow or control.

scholarly journals Facile synthesis of a zinc oxide nanoparticle by electrochemical method

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aishah Abdul Jalil ◽  
Sugeng Triwahyono ◽  
Nur Hanis Hayati Hairom ◽  
Nurul Aini Mohamed Razali
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Electron Transition ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Zinc Anode ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Platinum Cathode ◽  
Zno Powder

An electrogenerated zinc oxide (EGZnO/Naph) nanoparticle was successfully synthesized by electrolysis of a N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution containing naphthalene and a supporting electrolyte in a one-compartment cell fitted with a platinum cathode and a zinc anode. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies showed that the EGZnO/Naph consists of pure single crystalline wurtzite of hexagonal structure with average diameters of 10-15 nm. The BET surface area of the EGZnO/Naph was 65 m2/g, which is 15 times larger than that of commercial ZnO powder. The zinc oxide was also confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results which showed vibrational bands at 500 and 434 cm−1. Furthermore, the absorption peak of the EGZnO/Naph obtained at 366 nm (3.35 eV), is very close to the band gap of the ZnO 1s–1s electron transition (3.37 eV). Based on these results, this study reports a new pathway to synthesize nanosize of ZnO particle using a simple electrochemical process.________________________________________GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Minority carrier diffusion length determination from capacitance measurements in Se–CdO photovoltaic cells

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 538-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Champness ◽  
Z. A. Shukri ◽  
C. H. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Diffusion Length ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Minority Carrier Diffusion Length ◽  
Electron Collection ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Current Change ◽  
Length Determination ◽  
Output Capacitance

In Se–CdO photovoltaic cells, the electron diffusion length Ln in the selenium absorber layer has been determined from measurements of capacitance C and photocurrent under monochromatic illumination by variation of applied reverse bias. If penetrating incident light of band-gap wavelength is used, a plot against 1/C of the illuminated-to-dark current change ΔI yields a straight line over a certain range of bias values. Extrapolation of this line to the 1/C axis yields Ln. It was found in the fabrication of the Se–CdO cells that increasing the substrate temperature from 100 to 140 °C during the selenium deposition resulted in an increase in the cell photovoltaic output. Capacitance and ΔI measurements on these cells showed an increase in diffusion length with substrate temperature, indicating that the increased cell performance was due to improved electron collection in the selenium layer.

Nickel Oxide Coated on Pretreated MWCNTs as an Electrode for Supercapacitor

2013 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 654-658
Author(s):  
Lida Mahmoudi ◽  
Farzad Mahboubi ◽  
Moreteza Saghafi Yazdi
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Nickel Hydroxide ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Electroactive Materials ◽  
Nanotubular Structure ◽  
Individual Cnts ◽  
The Individual

Nickel oxide/carbon nanotubes (NiO/CNTs) composite materials for supercapacitor are prepared by chemically depositing of nickel hydroxide onto CNTs pretreated by ultrasonication and followed by thermal annealing at 200-300°C. A series of NiO/CNTs composites with different weight ratios of CNTs and different annealing temperature are synthesized via the same route. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show that the nucleation of the nickel hydroxide formed on the outer walls of CNTs due to ultrasonic cavitations, and then nickel oxide coated uniformly on the outer surface of the individual CNTs after thermal annealing. The NiO/CNTs electrode presents a maximum specific capacitance of 254 F/g as well as a good cycle life in 2 M KOH electrolyte. The good electrochemical characteristics of NiO/CNTs composite can be attributed to the three-dimensionally interconnected nanotubular structure with a thin film of electroactive materials.

Influence of Post-Annealing Temperature on the Material Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanorods

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 6419-6423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharul Ashikin Kamaruddin ◽  
Mohd Zainizan Sahdan ◽  
Kah-Yoong Chan ◽  
Mohamad Rusop ◽  
Hashim Saim
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanorods ◽  
Post Annealing ◽  
Oxide Nanorods ◽  
Post Annealing Temperature

scholarly journals Characterization of Zinc oxide Nanostructures prepared by hydrothermal method with Antibacterial property

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (42) ◽  
pp. 108-124
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Abdulkareem Ali
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Zno Nanostructures ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanostructures ◽  
Oxide Nanostructures ◽  
Uv Visible

        In this study, Zinc oxide nanostructures were synthesized via a hydrothermal method by using zinc nitrate hexahydrate and sodium hydroxide as a precursor. Three different annealing temperatures were used to study their effect on ZnO NSs properties. The synthesized nanostructure was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Atomic force microscope (AFM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Their optical properties were studied by using UV -visible spectroscopy. The XRD analysis confirms that all ZnO nanostructures have the hexagonal wurtzite structure with average crystallite size within the range of (30.59 - 34.52) nm. The crystallite size increased due to the incensement of annealing temperature. FESEM analysis indicates that ZnO has hexagonal shape of cylindrical pores, plate-like nanocrystals and Nanorods. AFM analysis shows that the average surface roughness of ZnO Nanostructures increases from 3.96 to 19.1 nm with the increase of annealing temperature. The FTIR peaks indicate successful preparation of ZnO Nanostructures. The FTIR method was used to analyses the chemical bonds which conformed the present of the Zn-O group in the region between (400-500) cm-1. The UV-visible showed a red shift in the absorption spectra related to the shift in the energy gap related to increase in the particle size.  the band gap energy has been calculated from the optical absorption spectra. The annealing process has been fond more effective on the value of energy gap. As the annealing temperature increases, the value of energy gap, increases as well; from (3.12to 3.22) eV. The prepared Nanostructure is used for antibacterial property. It shows strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P.aeuruginosa bacteria by the agar disc diffusion method. The white precipitate of ZnO NSs has superior antibacterial activity on gram-positive (S. aureus) than the gram-negative (P.aeuruginosa) bacteria.

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