scholarly journals Between Promising Advances and Deepening Concerns: A Bottom-Up Review of Trends in Land Governance 2015–2018

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Cotula ◽  
Ward Anseeuw ◽  
Giulia Maria Baldinelli
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Trends Analysis ◽  
Governance Processes ◽  
Made In

An evolving land governance context compounds the case for practitioners to closely track developments as they unfold. While much research sheds light on key trends, questions remain about approaches for collective bottom-up analysis led by land governance practitioners themselves. This study presents findings from an initiative to test such an approach. Drawing on written submissions made in response to an open call for contributions, the study discusses global trends in land governance over the period 2015–2018. While not a comprehensive review nor a replacement for empirically grounded research, the study highlights some of the developments practitioners grapple with in their work. The findings point to the contrasting local-to-global trends that affect land governance in diverse agro-ecological and socio-economic settings: Growing commercial pressures on land, and shrinking spaces for dissent in many contexts, coexist with new avenues for public participation in land governance processes; while diverse approaches to securing land rights, whether individual or collective, possibly underpinned by new deployments of digital technology, can coexist or compete for policy traction within the same polity. This bottom-up trends analysis broadly correlates with available accounts based on empirical research, while also providing distinctive emphases that reflect the ways practitioners perceive the changing realities they are engaged with.

scholarly journals Empirical Insights from a Study on Outlier Preserving Value Generalization in Animated Choropleth Maps

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Christoph Traun ◽  
Manuela Larissa Schreyer ◽  
Gudrun Wallentin
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
First Order ◽  
Choropleth Maps ◽  
Temporal Generalization ◽  
Perceptual Limits ◽  
Local Outlier

Time series animation of choropleth maps easily exceeds our perceptual limits. In this empirical research, we investigate the effect of local outlier preserving value generalization of animated choropleth maps on the ability to detect general trends and local deviations thereof. Comparing generalization in space, in time, and in a combination of both dimensions, value smoothing based on a first order spatial neighborhood facilitated the detection of local outliers best, followed by the spatiotemporal and temporal generalization variants. We did not find any evidence that value generalization helps in detecting global trends.

Translation policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-369
Author(s):  
Alireza Jazini
Keyword(s):  
End Users ◽  
Reception Theory ◽  
Audience Reception ◽  
Policy Network ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
Subsequent Research ◽  
Made In

Abstract The translation policy model by González Núñez (2013, 475) comprises three elements, namely “translation management”, “translation practices”, and “translation beliefs”. While the first two elements of this model are straightforward and easy to study in top-down approaches, translation beliefs can relate both to policymakers and policy receivers. However, the distinction has not been clearly made in this model and the element of translation beliefs has been chiefly treated in the literature as though it comes from the top levels of policymaking, hence overlooking the bottom-up aspects of it (see González Núñez 2014, 2016; Li et al. 2017). In order to improve this model, the present paper draws on the audience reception theory (Hall 1973), and shows that the current translation policy model requires a fourth element that I would call ‘translation reception’. The paper draws on the findings of a reception-oriented case study on translation policies in provincial broadcasting in Iran. This study argues that a more inclusive model of translation policy should not only include the authority-level elements of translation management, translation practices, and translation beliefs, but also the element of translation reception on the part of policy receivers. This way, I hope, the end users’ involvement in and contribution to the translation policy network will not be overlooked in subsequent research.

scholarly journals CHALLENGES OF THE INDONESIAN REPUBLIC GENERAL ELECTION COMMISSION (KPU RI) TO INCREASE VOTER PARTICIPATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andina Elok Puri Maharani ◽  
Rizma Dwi Nidia
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
General Election ◽  
Voter Participation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
General Elections ◽  
Election Commission

<p>This research examines problems that arise and become obstacles in the process of organizing general elections and the challenges of the General Election Commission (KPU) in increasing voter participation in general elections.</p><p>The purpose of this study is to find out what obstacles arise in the implementation of the General Election related to the role of the KPU to increase public participation in general elections. This type of research is empirical research and the data used are primary data by conducting interviews with KPU commissioners accompanied by an analysis of secondary data in the form of legislation. The results of this study indicate that barriers that can interfere with the process of holding elections, arise from news hoaxes and some obstacles that are classified based on the group of voters. Every segment of society has different needs, so the method used to increase community participation is tailored to the needs of the community in each segment.</p>

scholarly journals Mesocrystals for photocatalysis: a comprehensive review on synthesis engineering and functional modifications

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaodong Sun ◽  
Xiaojing Yu ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Zhimao Yang ◽  
Shuhua Liang
Keyword(s):  
Typical Structure ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Made In

In this review, we mainly summarize the important progresses made in the development of photocatalysis-oriented mesocrystals, including synthesis engineering, functional modifications (hybridization and doping), and typical structure-related photocatalytic mechanisms. Some urgent issues and perspectives have also been discussed.

REVIEW OF THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY FROM PHOTOVOLTAICS IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Tomovski ◽  
Aleksandra Kanevče ◽  
Ljubčo Kocarev
Keyword(s):  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Technological Limitations ◽  
Legislative Measures ◽  
Made In

Global trends in the energy sector are focused towards extensive inclusion of renewable sources in the energy production. Solar energy has proven to be a valuable candidate, especially for direct conversion into electricity. Its wider use has, so far, among other, been constrained by the technological limitations, resulting in higher production costs compared to those from conventional non-renewable sources, primarily coal. In that sense, the efforts of the scientific community have for long been directed towards development of both efficient and inexpensive solutions. However, the major boost in the electricity production from photovoltaics (PV) came from the legislative measures, primarily the introduction of feed-in tariffs. Following the global trends, a significant increase in PV inclusion in the electricity production was made in the Republic of Macedonia. In the article we give a brief review of the achieved progress.

Empirical Research on Constitutional Drafting Processes Following War or Internal Disturbances in Iraq, Tunisia, Kosovo and Sudan

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-339
Author(s):  
Habiba Abubaker
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Building Process ◽  
The World ◽  
Complex Procedure ◽  
State Of Affairs

Constitutional drafting is a complex procedure. Every year, nonetheless, the world witnesses the birth of several constitutions. The drafting of constitutions, however, differs greatly from one to the other; this depends mainly on the state of affairs in each State and the causes behind the need for a new constitution. In post-conflict States, the success of the constitutional drafting process depends on various factors including, inter alia, the inclusiveness of the process; transparency; equal representation in the bodies involved in the drafting; public participation; as well as the role the international community plays. All of these factors have great implications on the success, or failure, of not only the constitutional drafting process, but also on the whole peace-building process in post-conflict societies. In other words, a successful constitutional drafting process must be nationally-led and owned while targeting the root causes of the conflict. While it may be aided by international components, the process must reflect the geo-ideological differences within a State, whether cultural, tribal, ethnic or religious. This article gives an empirical account of the constitutional drafting processes adopted as a consequence of internal conflict in Iraq, Tunisia, Kosovo, and Sudan. The paper discusses the general drafting process; the bodies involved; procedural shortcomings; and any international influence.

scholarly journals Coming to Grips With Variation in Sociocultural Interpretations: Methodological Considerations

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1198-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Terkourafi
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Variables ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Context Variables ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Empirically capturing sociocultural interpretations—situated interpretations of linguistic expressions shared among members of a group—can be difficult for two reasons: First, the interpretations themselves cannot be directly observed and, second, the contexts that enable these interpretations cannot be defined independently of them. Yet, the reality of such interpretations attested in piece after piece of empirical research calls for an explanation. This article outlines a bottom-up methodology that seeks to extract context-sensitive definitions of, on one hand, sociocultural interpretations and, on the other hand, the context variables that covary with them, from the data itself. Uptake-based definitions of sociocultural interpretations are empirically verifiable and include speaker, context, and addressee contributions to the bringing about of a certain sociocultural interpretation. Dynamic definitions of macro-social variables (gender, age, class, ethnicity, region, etc.) can emerge by gradually abstracting over the minimal contexts that are found to enable particular sociocultural interpretations. The article outlines with examples how this methodology can be applied to spoken conversational data, as well as some of its limitations.

scholarly journals Kewenangan Notaris dalam Pembuatan Akta Pernyataan Keputusan Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham Perseroan Terbatas di Kabupaten Badung

Acta Comitas ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Ida Ayu Karina Diantari
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
General Meeting ◽  
Empirical Research Methods ◽  
Notary Public ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Made In

General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS), in principle, is made in the form of an original deed carried out in front of a notary or included in the meeting minutes in the form of a deed under the hand wherein the deed is converted into an authentic deed. This study uses empirical research methods by conducting interviews with Notaries based on their experience in making the statement deed, so the formulation of the problem made to limit and make more focus in conducting research is about the notary's responsibility in making deeds related to the general meeting of shareholders, as well as reviewing aspects of protection obtained by a notary public regarding the deed. The conclusion obtained from the research is that according to Article 15 of Act Number 2 of 2014 concerning Notary Position, a Notary has the authority to make Deed of Decision of Limited General Meeting of Shareholders and will be an authentic deed if made in the form of a notarial deed called Decree of Decision General Meeting of Shareholders. Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham (RUPS), pada pokoknua dibuat dalam bentuk akta asli yang dibuat didepan seorang notaris atau disertakan pada notulensi rapat berupa akta dibawah tangan dimana selanjutnya akta tersebut diubah menjadi akta otentik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian empiris dengan cara melakukan wawancara kepada Notaris berdasarkan pengalamannya dalam membuat akta pernyataan tersebut dengan demikian rumusan masalah yang dibuat untuk membatasi dan membuat lebih fokus dalam pelaksanaan penelitian adalah mengenai tanggung jawab notaris dalam hal pembuatan akta terkait dengan rapat umum pemegang saham, serta mengkaji aspek perlindungan yang diperoleh seorang notaris terkait pembuatan akta tersebut. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian adalah bahwa menurut Pasal 15 Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 tentang Jabatan Notaris,  Notaris mempunyai kewenangan dalam membuat Akta Pernyataan Keputusan Rapat Umum Pemegang SahamPerseroan Terbatas dan akan menjadi akta otentik jika dibuat kedalam bentuk akta notariil yang disebut Akta Pernyataan Keputusan Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham.

Participation and Anti-Discrimination Based Local Strategic Documents – Case of Macedonian Municipalities

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-590
Author(s):  
Jovan Ananiev ◽  
Zaneta Poposka
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Local Policies

This paper analyzes the process of preparation and implementation of strategic documents in Macedonian municipalities in terms of public participation and respect of the principle of anti-discrimination. These two principles underpin greater transparency and democracy in municipalities and greater efficiency of developed local policies. The paper builds up on the empirical research where more than 30 municipal strategic documents in ten municipalities. Results indicate that vast majority of analyzed documents were prepared, monitored and evaluated without public participation. In addition, the principle of anti-discrimination was not incorporated in the documents and individual target groups susceptible to discrimination were not mainstreamed. Possible recommendations are discussed, and implications for future engagement of municipalities are outlined.

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