scholarly journals An Innovative Personalised Management Program for Older Adults with Parkinson’s Disease: New Concepts and Future Directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Piyush Varma ◽  
Lakshanaa Narayan ◽  
Jane Alty ◽  
Virginia Painter ◽  
Chandrasekhara Padmakumar
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Older Person ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
New Concepts

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome. Parkinson’s disease in older persons presents with a diverse array of clinical manifestations leading to unique care needs. This raises the need for the healthcare community to proactively address the care needs of older persons with Parkinson’s disease. Though it is tempting to categorise different phenotypes of Parkinson’s disease, a strong evidence based for the same is lacking. There is considerable literature describing the varying clinical manifestations in old age. This article aims to review the literature looking for strategies in personalising the management of an older person with Parkinson’s disease.

scholarly journals Allelic variant in SLC6A3 rs393795 affects cerebral regional homogeneity and gait dysfunction in patients with Parkinson’s disease

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7957
Author(s):  
Lina Wang ◽  
Yongsheng Yuan ◽  
Jianwei Wang ◽  
Yuting Shen ◽  
Yan Zhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Freezing Of Gait ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Regional Homogeneity ◽  
Allelic Variant ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Link Type

Aims We sought to explore the role of the SLC6A3 rs393795 allelic variant in cerebral spontaneous activity and clinical features in Parkinson’s disease (PD) via imaging genetic approach. Methods Our study recruited 50 PD and 45 healthy control (HC) participants to provide clinical, genetic, and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data. All subjects were separated into 16 PD-AA, 34 PD-CA/CC, 14 HC-AA, and 31 HC-CA/CC four subgroups according to SLC6A3 rs393795 genotyping. Afterwards, main effects and interactions of groups (PD versus HC) and genotypes (AA versus CA/CC) on cerebral function reflected by regional homogeneity (ReHo) were explored using two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) after controlling age and gender. Finally, Spearman’ s correlations were employed to investigate the relationships between significantly interactive brain regions and clinical manifestations in PD subgroups. Results Compared with HC subjects, PD patients exhibited increased ReHo signals in left middle temporal gyrus and decreased ReHo signals in left pallidum. Compared with CA/CC carriers, AA genotype individuals showed abnormal increased ReHo signals in right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and supplementary motor area (SMA). Moreover, significant interactions (affected by both disease factor and allelic variation) were detected in right inferior temporal gyrus (ITG). Furthermore, aberrant increased ReHo signals in right ITG were observed in PD-AA in comparison with PD-CA/CC. Notably, ReHo values in right ITG were negatively associated with Tinetti Mobility Test (TMT) gait subscale scores and positively related to Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOG-Q) scores in PD-AA subgroup. Conclusions Our findings suggested that SLC6A3 rs393795 allelic variation might have a trend to aggravate the severity of gait disorders in PD patients by altering right SMA and IFG function, and ultimately result in compensatory activation of right ITG. It could provide us with a new perspective for exploring deeply genetic mechanisms of gait disturbances in PD.

scholarly journals Insights into the multifaceted role of circular RNAs: implications for Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis and diagnosis

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Epaminondas Doxakis
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex, age-related, neurodegenerative disease whose etiology, pathology, and clinical manifestations remain incompletely understood. As a result, care focuses primarily on symptoms relief. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a large class of mostly noncoding RNAs that accumulate with aging in the brain and are increasingly shown to regulate all aspects of neuronal and glial development and function. They are generated by the spliceosome through the backsplicing of linear RNA. Although their biological role remains largely unknown, they have been shown to regulate transcription and splicing, act as decoys for microRNAs and RNA binding proteins, used as templates for translation, and serve as scaffolding platforms for signaling components. Considering that they are stable, diverse, and detectable in easily accessible biofluids, they are deemed promising biomarkers for diagnosing diseases. CircRNAs are differentially expressed in the brain of patients with PD, and growing evidence suggests that they regulate PD pathogenetic processes. Here, the biogenesis, expression, degradation, and detection of circRNAs, as well as their proposed functions, are reviewed. Thereafter, research linking circRNAs to PD-related processes, including aging, alpha-synuclein dysregulation, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress is highlighted, followed by recent evidence for their use as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for PD.

Future directions in the treatment of Parkinson's disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (S17) ◽  
pp. S385-S391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony H.V. Schapira
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Future Directions

Brain Neuroimaging of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Rafail Matzaras ◽  
Kuangyu Shi ◽  
Artemios Artemiadis ◽  
Panagiotis Zis ◽  
Georgios Hadjigeorgiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Imaging ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Imaging Results

Background: REM-sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia and a common comorbidity in Parkinson’s disease (PD). There is evidence that the presence of RBD is associated with more severe PD. The differences in the clinical manifestations and the natural history are likely to imply underlying differences in the pathophysiology among PD patients with and without RBD. The increasing number of neuroimaging studies support this notion. Objective: Our primary objective was to review the current evidence regarding the brain neuroimaging findings in PD patients with RBD (PDRBD). Methods: A systematic review of articles, published in PubMed between January 1, 2000 and September 23, 2020 was performed. We evaluate previous studies that assessed PD patients with RBD using various brain structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques and brain nuclear medicine imaging. Results: Twenty-nine studies, involving a total of 3,347 PD subjects among which 912 subjects with PDRBD, met the selection criteria and were included. The presence of RBD in PD patients is associated with structural and functional alterations in several brain regions, mainly in brainstem, limbic structures, frontotemporal cortex, and basal ganglia, raising the hypothesis of a PDRBD neuroimaging phenotype. Conclusion: The current review provides up-to-date knowledge in this field and summarizes the neurobiological/neuroimaging substrate of RBD in PD.

scholarly journals Altered Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 Phosphorylation in Blood Neuron-Derived Extracellular Vesicles From Patients With Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szu-Yi Chou ◽  
Lung Chan ◽  
Chen-Chih Chung ◽  
Jing-Yuan Chiu ◽  
Yi-Chen Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Insulin Signaling Pathway ◽  
Insulin Receptor Substrate ◽  
Neuronal Markers

IntroductionDiabetes increases the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The phosphorylation of type 1 insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) determines the function of insulin signaling pathway. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as biomarkers of human diseases. The present study investigated whether PD patients exert altered phosphorylation IRS-1 (p-IRS-1) inside the blood neuron-derived extracellular vesicles (NDEVs).Research Design and MethodsIn total, there were 94 patients with PD and 63 healthy controls recruited and their clinical manifestations were evaluated. Blood NDEVs were isolated using the immunoprecipitation method, and Western blot analysis was conducted to assess total IRS-1, p-IRS-1, and downstream substrates level in blood NDEVs. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0, and p < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThe isolated blood EVs were validated according to the presence of CD63 and HSP70, nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy. NDEVs were positive with neuronal markers. PD patients exerted significantly higher level of p-IRS-1S312 in blood NDEVs than controls. In addition, the p-IRS-1S312 levels in blood NDEVs was positively associated with the severity of tremor in PD patients after adjusting of age, sex, hemoglobin A1c, and body mass index (BMI).ConclusionPD patients exerted altered p-IRS-1S312 in the blood NDEVs, and also correlated with the severity of tremor. These findings suggested the association between dysfunctional insulin signaling pathway with PD. The role of altered p-IRS-1S312 in blood NDEVs as a segregating biomarker of PD required further cohort study to assess the association with the progression of PD.

Air pollution and Parkinson’s disease – evidence and future directions

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Air Pollution Exposure ◽  
Pollution Exposure ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease of unknown etiology that is thought to be caused by a complex combination of environmental and/or genetic factors. Air pollution exposure is linked to numerous adverse effects on human health, including brain inflammation and oxidative stress, processes that are believed to contribute to the development and progression of PD. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the epidemiology of air pollution and PD, including evidence of the effects of various pollutants (ozone, PM

scholarly journals QSAR Modelling to Identify LRRK2 Inhibitors for Parkinson’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Sebastián-Pérez ◽  
María Jimena Martínez ◽  
Carmen Gil ◽  
Nuria Eugenia Campillo ◽  
Ana Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Feature Selection Method ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Chemical Library ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Qsar Modelling ◽  
Qsar Models

AbstractParkinson’s disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative illnesses in older persons and the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is an auspicious target for its pharmacological treatment. In this work, quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models for identification of putative inhibitors of LRRK2 protein are developed by using an in-house chemical library and several machine learning techniques. The methodology applied in this paper has two steps: first, alternative subsets of molecular descriptors useful for characterizing LRRK2 inhibitors are chosen by a multi-objective feature selection method; secondly, QSAR models are learned by using these subsets and three different strategies for supervised learning. The qualities of all these QSAR models are compared by classical metrics and the best models are discussed in statistical and physicochemical terms.

scholarly journals The Association between DRD3 Ser9Gly Polymorphism and Depression Severity in Parkinson’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhi ◽  
Yongsheng Yuan ◽  
Qianqian Si ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Yuting Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

More and more evidence suggests that dopamine receptor D3 gene (DRD3) plays an important role in the clinical manifestations and the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). DRD3 Ser9Gly polymorphism is the most frequently studied variant point. Our aim was to investigate the potential effect of DRD3 Ser9Gly polymorphism on modulating resting-state brain function and associative clinical manifestations in PD patients. We consecutively recruited 61 idiopathic PD patients and 47 healthy controls (HC) who were evaluated by clinical scales, genotyped for variant Ser9Gly in DRD3, and underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Based on DRD3 Ser9Gly polymorphism, PD patients and HCs were divided into four subgroups. Then, two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was applied to investigate main effects and interactions of PD and DRD3 Ser9Gly polymorphism on the brain function via amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) approach. The association between DRD3 Ser9Gly-modulated significantly different brain regions, and clinical manifestations were detected by Spearman’s correlations. PD patients exhibited decreased ALFF values in the right inferior occipital gyrus, lingual gyrus, and fusiform gyrus. A significant difference in the interaction of “groups × genotypes” was observed in the right medial frontal gyrus. The ALFF value of the cluster showing significant interactions was positively correlated with HAMD-17 scores (r=0.489, p=0.011) and anhedonia scores (r=0.512, p=0.008) in PD patients with the Ser/Gly or Gly/Gly genotypes. Therefore, D3 gene Ser9Gly polymorphism might be associated with the severity of depression characterized by anhedonia in PD patients.

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