scholarly journals Silicon Valley Imperialists Create New Model Villages as Smart Cities in Their Own Image

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
New Model ◽  
Parent Firm ◽  
Corporate Profits

In her study of ‘Surveillance Capitalism’, Shoshana Zuboff cites Google’s parent firm Alphabet’s legal customer-purchase agreement for the parent firm’s Nest thermostats. These impose ‘oppressive privacy and security consequences’ requiring sensitive information to be shared through ‘Internet-of-Things’ (IoT) networks with other domestic and external devices, unnamed functionaries and various third parties. This is for data harvesting, analytics, processing, manipulation and transformation through digital re-sale to the same and other consumers in the form of unwanted, targeted advertising. The point of this identity ‘rendition’ is to massively augment corporate profits. It is but a short step from trapping the unwitting consumer in a ‘smart home’ to planning a similarly mediated ‘smart city’ aimed at further massively augmenting corporate profits. This is happening, as founders of digital media from Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Amazon and Tesla either commission or become beneficiaries of ‘smart city’ planning. However, there is evidence that such imperiousness is increasingly countered by emerging democratic critique of these new ‘model villages’ or ‘company towns’.

Cloud-Based Remote RFID Authentication for Security of Smart Internet of Things Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (Supp01) ◽  
pp. 2140004
Author(s):  
Mohammed Imtyaz Ahmed ◽  
G. Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Authentication Scheme ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Rfid Tag ◽  
Smart Healthcare ◽  
Smart Education ◽  
Access Control System

Radio frequency is the technology which enables smart labels to things. Thus, even physical things can participate in computing process. It is becoming popular due to its technological innovation and ability to overcome line of sight problem. With Internet of Things (IoT) technology, RFID usage became ubiquitous in smart applications or IoT use the cases like smart education, smart homes, smart healthcare and smart cities to mention a few. Integration of digital and physical worlds is made possible with IoT, RFID and host of other technologies and standards. When connected devices and things are uniquely identified using RFID technology, it is essential to know its utility in authentication process and security challenges thrown as well. RFID tag and RFID reader are involved in wireless communication and identification. RFID tags may carry sensitive information and its vulnerabilities if any are exploited by adversaries. Moreover, heavy computation is involved in RFID-based authentication. To overcome issues like privacy, security and overhead improvements have been proposed as found in the literature. Researchers used cryptographic tools, hash functions and symmetric key encryption for secure RFID communications. However, the level of security is still inadequate. In this paper, we proposed a cloud-based remote RFID authentication scheme with smart home as the case study. The proposed scheme has features like forward secrecy, anonymity and untraceability besides being light weight. It can withstand various security attacks. Our simulation study revealed that the proposed system model and the cloud-based remote RFID authentication scheme are effective in providing privacy and security as part of access control system in smart home IoT use case.

Efficient Cyber Security Framework for Smart Cities

2019 ◽  
pp. 130-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amtul Waheed ◽  
Jana Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Security Framework ◽  
Smart Transportation ◽  
Security Issues

Smart cities are established on some smart components such as smart governances, smart economy, science and technology, smart politics, smart transportation, and smart life. Each and every smart object is interconnected through the internet, challenging the security and privacy of citizen's sensitive information. A secure framework for smart cities is the only solution for better and smart living. This can be achieved through IoT infrastructure and cloud computing. The combination of IoT and Cloud also increases the storage capacity and computational power and make services pervasive, cost-effective, and accessed from anywhere and any device. This chapter will discuss security issues and challenges of smart city along with cyber security framework and architecture of smart cities for smart infrastructures and smart applications. It also presents a general study about security mechanism for smart city applications and security protection methodology using IOT service to stand against cyber-attacks.

scholarly journals Data-Driven Approach for Incident Management in a Smart City

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8281
Author(s):  
Luís B. Elvas ◽  
Carolina F. Marreiros ◽  
João M. Dinis ◽  
Maria C. Pereira ◽  
Ana L. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Smart City ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Data Mining Approach ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Data Driven Approach

Buildings in Lisbon are often the victim of several types of events (such as accidents, fires, collapses, etc.). This study aims to apply a data-driven approach towards knowledge extraction from past incident data, nowadays available in the context of a Smart City. We apply a Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) approach to perform incident management of the city of Lisbon. From this data-driven process, a descriptive and predictive analysis of an events dataset provided by the Lisbon Municipality was possible, together with other data obtained from the public domain, such as the temperature and humidity on the day of the events. The dataset provided contains events from 2011 to 2018 for the municipality of Lisbon. This data mining approach over past data identified patterns that provide useful knowledge for city incident managers. Additionally, the forecasts can be used for better city planning, and data correlations of variables can provide information about the most important variables towards those incidents. This approach is fundamental in the context of smart cities, where sensors and data can be used to improve citizens’ quality of life. Smart Cities allow the collecting of data from different systems, and for the case of disruptive events, these data allow us to understand them and their cascading effects better.

ICT and sustainability in smart cities management

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Bifulco ◽  
Marco Tregua ◽  
Cristina Caterina Amitrano ◽  
Anna D'Auria
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
City Planning ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Research Report ◽  
City Managers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Research ◽  
Local Agencies

Purpose – Contemporary debate is increasingly focused on ICT and sustainability, especially in relation to the modern configuration of urban and metropolitan areas in the so-called smartization process. The purpose of this paper is to observe the connections between smart city features as conceptualized in the framework proposed by Giffinger et al. (2007) and new technologies as tools, and sustainability as the goal. Design/methodology/approach – The connections are identified through a content analysis performed using NVivo on official reports issued by organizations, known as industry players within smart city projects, listed in the Navigant Research Report 2013. Findings – The results frame ICT and sustainability as “across-the-board elements” because they connect with all of the services provided to communities in a smart city and play a key role in smart city planning. Specifically, sustainability and ICT can be seen as tools to enable the smartization process. Research limitations/implications – An all-in-one perspective emerges by embedding sustainability and ICT in smart interventions; further research could be conduct through direct interviews to city managers and industry players in order to understand their attitude towards the development of smart city projects. Practical implications – Potential approaches emerging from this research are useful to city managers or large corporations partnering with local agencies in order to increase the opportunities for the long-term success of smart projects. Originality/value – The results of this paper delineate a new research path looking at the development of new models that integrate drivers, ICT, and sustainability in an all-in-one perspective and new indicators for the evaluation of the interventions.

scholarly journals Exploring urban facilities management approaches to increase connectivity in smart cities

Facilities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmel Lindkvist ◽  
Alenka Temeljotov Salaj ◽  
Dave Collins ◽  
Svein Bjørberg ◽  
Tore Brandstveit Haugen
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Facilities Management ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Management Approaches

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore how the discipline facilities management (FM) can be developed in a smart city perspective through considering the current and new FM services under the role of Urban FM, as well as governance structures that limit and enable it. Design/methodology/approach The approach is primarily theoretical by examining current literature around the ideas of Urban FM and Smart Cities linking them to observations in one city aiming to be a Smart City. This specific paper focusses on maintenance management, workspace management and energy management services in a Smart City perspective. Findings The results outline how Urban FM can fill the gaps that are apparent in city planning through connectivity to communities and neighbourhoods using the Smart City not only approaches of optimising data but also considers prominent governance structures of FM, Urban FM, City Planning and Smart Cities. The study addresses the limitations of what can be done when cities are not organisations, which make identifying the “core business” obscure and intangible but attempts to overcome this limitation by considering social value in communities and wider linkages to the city environment. Research limitations/implications The paper sets out the potential of Urban FM in Smart Cities, but the findings are limited to primarily theoretical research and need further empirical examination. Practical implications The results indicate how facilities management can improve services in cities through the digitalisation of cities and the role of Urban FM. The study will be useful for municipalities in examining how to improve facilities, particularly in cities that aspire to be a Smart City and it is also important for policymakers in considering governance structures to meet sustainable development goals. Originality/value The study positions the discipline of facilities management in Smart Cities which has the potential to improve facilities in cities and the development of Urban FM.

scholarly journals Cultural Infrastructure and the Planning of Future Cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
S Sindhu ◽  
M K Reshmi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Smart City ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Community Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Infrastructure ◽  
Indian Cities ◽  
The Way

Culture is an important aspect of human civilization. Preserving and giving value to the cultural heritage of a region can pave the way for local as well as regional development. This includes tangible, intangible and the natural heritage of cities. It is necessary to develop a cultural infrastructure plan along with other aspects such as transportation, built, green and grey in frastructure. Cultural infrastructure refers to places where culture is experienced, participated in or showcased in. This includes the existing cultural heritage of a place as well as the planning of spaces for cultural stimulation and involvement. With the advent of fourth industrial revolution smart cities are gradually becoming the way of life across the world. The Smart City uses Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Internet of Things (IoT) to effectively manage transportation, water services, waste disposal, energy and other community services. In this scenario it becomes imperative to have strategic infrastructure planning. Indian Government has recently launched the Smart City Mission in India and several smart city projects are underway across the country. It becomes necessar y in this context that Indian cities with their rich tradition and cultural heritage do not lose their unique identity in this process of transformation into smart cities. Even as smart city projects stress the need for heritage preservation there is a lot of ambiguity in how they can be integrated and used to advance urban intelligence. The technologies of the smart city have considerable potential to be used for the management and enhancement its cultural heritage and can help in the creation of a cultural infrastructure plan. This paper will examine the significance of cultural infrastructure in future cities and how it can be integrated into the city planning process of Indian cities through the study of relevant case studies from around the world.

Cybersecurity will lag development of smart cities

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intelligence Agencies ◽  
Ultimate Responsibility

Subject Cybersecurity in smart cities. Significance Cybersecurity is one of the key challenges of smart city initiatives. Systems that analyse and interpret citizen behavior present unique challenges for privacy and security as they create attractive targets for malicious actors, repressive regimes and intelligence agencies. Impacts Innovation among technology vendors will be inhibited so long as they see a risk of liability when collaborating with cities. Citizens will continue to bear ultimate responsibility for what data they share and how they are used (or misused). Cybersecurity protections will become a point of differentiation among technology vendors.

scholarly journals Museums and Heritage Sites — The Missing Link in Smart City Planning: A Case Study of Pune City, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-47
Author(s):  
Poonam Gandhi ◽  
Chaitanya Ravi ◽  
Prasad Pathak ◽  
Smriti Jalihal
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Infrastructural Development ◽  
Cultural Spaces ◽  
The Government

The process of urbanisation has dramatically increased in India in recent years. The Government of India launched Smart City Mission in 2015 which was intended to transform 100 cities into smart cities. The focus of our research is one such city in India on its path to smartification. Pune’s smart city mission focuses on techno-infrastructural development to increase mobility and digital connectivity. Social-cultural and historical indicators are not considered an integral part of this development. Given this, does the smart city mission of Pune privilege the techno-infrastructural development of a city over its social and cultural development?  In this paper, we identify museums and heritage sites in Pune as signifiers of a city's culture and analyse metro development plans through GIS to understand whether the museums' current geography mentioned above and heritage sites require alignment with Pune’s planned smart city mission. The research shows that the quest to ‘upgrade’ and ‘modernise’ is not adequately aligned with the role of key historic-cultural institutions such as museums and heritage sites. The case of Pune city shows that, without careful and inclusive development plan, a full roll-out of the smart city project will exclude a large number of historical and cultural spaces such as museums and heritage sites from emerging as an integral part of smart cities across the country and render them peripheral to modern urban life.  

scholarly journals PROTECTION OF PRIVACY AND PERSONAL DATA IN THE BIG DATA ENVIRONMENT OF SMART CITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W5-2021 ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
A. Denker
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Data Environment ◽  
Bifocal Lenses

Abstract. The project of smart cities has emerged as a response to the challenges of twenty-first- century urbanization. Solutions to the fundamental conundrum of cities revolving around efficiency, convenience and security keep being sought by leveraging technology. Notwithstanding all the conveniences furnished by a smart city to all the citizens, privacy of a citizen is intertwined with the benefits of a smart city. The development processes which overlook privacy and security issues have left many of the smart city applications vulnerable to non-conventional security threats and susceptible to numerous privacy and personal data spillage risks. Among the challenges the smart city initiatives encounter, the emergence of the smartphone-big data-the cloud coalescence is perhaps the greatest, from the viewpoint of privacy and personal data protection. As our cities are getting digitalized, information comprising citizens' behavior, choices, and mobility, as well as their personal assets are shared over smartphone-big data-the cloud coalescences, thereby expanding cyber-threat surface and creating different security concerns. This coalescence refers to the practices of creating and analyzing vast sets of data, which comprise personal information. In this paper, the protection of privacy and personal data issues in the big data environment of smart cities are viewed through bifocal lenses, focusing on social and technical aspects. The protection of personal data and privacy in smart city enterprises is treated as a socio-technological operation where various actors and factors undertake different tasks. The article concludes by calling for novel developments, conceptual and practical changes both in technological and social realms.

scholarly journals Internet of Things for the Development of Smart Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 9543-9547
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
City Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Innovative Solution ◽  
Energy Efficient Building

Internet of things plays an important role to make smart in all the areas like smart city, smart home etc [1]. It is used in more efficient water supply, an innovative solution for traffic congestion, to make reliable public transportation, improved the public safety, energy efficient building, Vehicle smart security system etc [4]. While the average cost for basic items is going up, there is a developing concentration to include innovation to bring down those costs for smart city development. In the following chapter will discussed the few innovation for the smart city development.

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