scholarly journals Data-Driven Approach for Incident Management in a Smart City

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8281
Author(s):  
Luís B. Elvas ◽  
Carolina F. Marreiros ◽  
João M. Dinis ◽  
Maria C. Pereira ◽  
Ana L. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Smart City ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Data Mining Approach ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Data Driven Approach

Buildings in Lisbon are often the victim of several types of events (such as accidents, fires, collapses, etc.). This study aims to apply a data-driven approach towards knowledge extraction from past incident data, nowadays available in the context of a Smart City. We apply a Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) approach to perform incident management of the city of Lisbon. From this data-driven process, a descriptive and predictive analysis of an events dataset provided by the Lisbon Municipality was possible, together with other data obtained from the public domain, such as the temperature and humidity on the day of the events. The dataset provided contains events from 2011 to 2018 for the municipality of Lisbon. This data mining approach over past data identified patterns that provide useful knowledge for city incident managers. Additionally, the forecasts can be used for better city planning, and data correlations of variables can provide information about the most important variables towards those incidents. This approach is fundamental in the context of smart cities, where sensors and data can be used to improve citizens’ quality of life. Smart Cities allow the collecting of data from different systems, and for the case of disruptive events, these data allow us to understand them and their cascading effects better.

scholarly journals Disaster Management in Smart Cities

Smart Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 819-839
Author(s):  
Luís B. Elvas ◽  
Bruno Miguel Mataloto ◽  
Ana Lúcia Martins ◽  
João C. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
New Research ◽  
The City

The smart city concept, in which data from different systems are available, contains a multitude of critical infrastructures. This data availability opens new research opportunities in the study of the interdependency between those critical infrastructures and cascading effects solutions and focuses on the smart city as a network of critical infrastructures. This paper proposes an integrated resilience system linking interconnected critical infrastructures in a smart city to improve disaster resilience. A data-driven approach is considered, using artificial intelligence and methods to minimize cascading effects and the destruction of failing critical infrastructures and their components (at a city level). The proposed approach allows rapid recovery of infrastructures’ service performance levels after disasters while keeping the coverage of the assessment of risks, prevention, detection, response, and mitigation of consequences. The proposed approach has the originality and the practical implication of providing a decision support system that handles the infrastructures that will support the city disaster management system—make the city prepare, adapt, absorb, respond, and recover from disasters by taking advantage of the interconnections between its various critical infrastructures to increase the overall resilience capacity. The city of Lisbon (Portugal) is used as a case to show the practical application of the approach.

scholarly journals Data/infrastructure in the smart city: Understanding the infrastructural power of Citymapper app through technicity of data

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205395172096561
Author(s):  
Güneş Tavmen
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Smart City ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructural Power

Over the last few years, smart cities have been a focus of scholarly attention. Most of these critical studies concentrated on the multinational corporations’ discourses and their implications on urban policies. Besides these factors, however, the data-driven city develops within a complex web of entanglements whereby data-driven technologies modulate the urban infrastructure in a multitude of ways contingent upon the social, political, material and technical aspects. As such, this article attends to the infrastructural implications of a smart city product, Citymapper, which is a transport app built on open data available as part of London’s smart city planning. In order to establish the relationship between data and infrastructure, I use Gilbert Simondon’s notions of ‘transduction’, ‘individuation’ and ‘technicity’ to explore this relationship in a processual and relational way. In constructing this relationship as co-generative, whereby infrastructure and data transindividuate, I subsequently posit the term data/infrastructure. Against this theoretical background, I study the ways in which Citymapper individuates and thereby gains infrastructural power through technicity of data by studying the ways in which the users’ contribute to data generation that feed back into the app. Specifically, by following the transformation of the app from initially mediating the bus timetable to transducing users into environmental sensing nodes through which the app collects behavioural data, I foreground the epistemological, infrastructural and social consequences of Citymapper’s infrastructural power for the data-driven city.

scholarly journals Human-Centric Data Science for Urban Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Resch ◽  
Michael Szell
Keyword(s):  
Urban Studies ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Data Science ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Research Initiatives ◽  
Adequate Data

Due to the wide-spread use of disruptive digital technologies like mobile phones, cities have transitioned from data-scarce to data-rich environments. As a result, the field of geoinformatics is being reshaped and challenged to develop adequate data-driven methods. At the same time, the term "smart city" is increasingly being applied in urban planning, reflecting the aims of different stakeholders to create value out of the new data sets. However, many smart city research initiatives are promoting techno-positivistic approaches which do not account enough for the citizens’ needs. In this paper, we review the state of quantitative urban studies under this new perspective, and critically discuss the development of smart city programs. We conclude with a call for a new anti-disciplinary, human-centric urban data science, and a well-reflected use of technology and data collection in smart city planning. Finally, we introduce the papers of this special issue which focus on providing a more human-centric view on data-driven urban studies, spanning topics from cycling and wellbeing, to mobility and land use.

ICT and sustainability in smart cities management

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Bifulco ◽  
Marco Tregua ◽  
Cristina Caterina Amitrano ◽  
Anna D'Auria
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
City Planning ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Research Report ◽  
City Managers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Research ◽  
Local Agencies

Purpose – Contemporary debate is increasingly focused on ICT and sustainability, especially in relation to the modern configuration of urban and metropolitan areas in the so-called smartization process. The purpose of this paper is to observe the connections between smart city features as conceptualized in the framework proposed by Giffinger et al. (2007) and new technologies as tools, and sustainability as the goal. Design/methodology/approach – The connections are identified through a content analysis performed using NVivo on official reports issued by organizations, known as industry players within smart city projects, listed in the Navigant Research Report 2013. Findings – The results frame ICT and sustainability as “across-the-board elements” because they connect with all of the services provided to communities in a smart city and play a key role in smart city planning. Specifically, sustainability and ICT can be seen as tools to enable the smartization process. Research limitations/implications – An all-in-one perspective emerges by embedding sustainability and ICT in smart interventions; further research could be conduct through direct interviews to city managers and industry players in order to understand their attitude towards the development of smart city projects. Practical implications – Potential approaches emerging from this research are useful to city managers or large corporations partnering with local agencies in order to increase the opportunities for the long-term success of smart projects. Originality/value – The results of this paper delineate a new research path looking at the development of new models that integrate drivers, ICT, and sustainability in an all-in-one perspective and new indicators for the evaluation of the interventions.

scholarly journals Exploring urban facilities management approaches to increase connectivity in smart cities

Facilities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmel Lindkvist ◽  
Alenka Temeljotov Salaj ◽  
Dave Collins ◽  
Svein Bjørberg ◽  
Tore Brandstveit Haugen
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Facilities Management ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Management Approaches

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore how the discipline facilities management (FM) can be developed in a smart city perspective through considering the current and new FM services under the role of Urban FM, as well as governance structures that limit and enable it. Design/methodology/approach The approach is primarily theoretical by examining current literature around the ideas of Urban FM and Smart Cities linking them to observations in one city aiming to be a Smart City. This specific paper focusses on maintenance management, workspace management and energy management services in a Smart City perspective. Findings The results outline how Urban FM can fill the gaps that are apparent in city planning through connectivity to communities and neighbourhoods using the Smart City not only approaches of optimising data but also considers prominent governance structures of FM, Urban FM, City Planning and Smart Cities. The study addresses the limitations of what can be done when cities are not organisations, which make identifying the “core business” obscure and intangible but attempts to overcome this limitation by considering social value in communities and wider linkages to the city environment. Research limitations/implications The paper sets out the potential of Urban FM in Smart Cities, but the findings are limited to primarily theoretical research and need further empirical examination. Practical implications The results indicate how facilities management can improve services in cities through the digitalisation of cities and the role of Urban FM. The study will be useful for municipalities in examining how to improve facilities, particularly in cities that aspire to be a Smart City and it is also important for policymakers in considering governance structures to meet sustainable development goals. Originality/value The study positions the discipline of facilities management in Smart Cities which has the potential to improve facilities in cities and the development of Urban FM.

scholarly journals Cultural Infrastructure and the Planning of Future Cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
S Sindhu ◽  
M K Reshmi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Smart City ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Community Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Infrastructure ◽  
Indian Cities ◽  
The Way

Culture is an important aspect of human civilization. Preserving and giving value to the cultural heritage of a region can pave the way for local as well as regional development. This includes tangible, intangible and the natural heritage of cities. It is necessary to develop a cultural infrastructure plan along with other aspects such as transportation, built, green and grey in frastructure. Cultural infrastructure refers to places where culture is experienced, participated in or showcased in. This includes the existing cultural heritage of a place as well as the planning of spaces for cultural stimulation and involvement. With the advent of fourth industrial revolution smart cities are gradually becoming the way of life across the world. The Smart City uses Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Internet of Things (IoT) to effectively manage transportation, water services, waste disposal, energy and other community services. In this scenario it becomes imperative to have strategic infrastructure planning. Indian Government has recently launched the Smart City Mission in India and several smart city projects are underway across the country. It becomes necessar y in this context that Indian cities with their rich tradition and cultural heritage do not lose their unique identity in this process of transformation into smart cities. Even as smart city projects stress the need for heritage preservation there is a lot of ambiguity in how they can be integrated and used to advance urban intelligence. The technologies of the smart city have considerable potential to be used for the management and enhancement its cultural heritage and can help in the creation of a cultural infrastructure plan. This paper will examine the significance of cultural infrastructure in future cities and how it can be integrated into the city planning process of Indian cities through the study of relevant case studies from around the world.

scholarly journals Museums and Heritage Sites — The Missing Link in Smart City Planning: A Case Study of Pune City, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-47
Author(s):  
Poonam Gandhi ◽  
Chaitanya Ravi ◽  
Prasad Pathak ◽  
Smriti Jalihal
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Infrastructural Development ◽  
Cultural Spaces ◽  
The Government

The process of urbanisation has dramatically increased in India in recent years. The Government of India launched Smart City Mission in 2015 which was intended to transform 100 cities into smart cities. The focus of our research is one such city in India on its path to smartification. Pune’s smart city mission focuses on techno-infrastructural development to increase mobility and digital connectivity. Social-cultural and historical indicators are not considered an integral part of this development. Given this, does the smart city mission of Pune privilege the techno-infrastructural development of a city over its social and cultural development?  In this paper, we identify museums and heritage sites in Pune as signifiers of a city's culture and analyse metro development plans through GIS to understand whether the museums' current geography mentioned above and heritage sites require alignment with Pune’s planned smart city mission. The research shows that the quest to ‘upgrade’ and ‘modernise’ is not adequately aligned with the role of key historic-cultural institutions such as museums and heritage sites. The case of Pune city shows that, without careful and inclusive development plan, a full roll-out of the smart city project will exclude a large number of historical and cultural spaces such as museums and heritage sites from emerging as an integral part of smart cities across the country and render them peripheral to modern urban life.  

scholarly journals Silicon Valley Imperialists Create New Model Villages as Smart Cities in Their Own Image

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
New Model ◽  
Parent Firm ◽  
Corporate Profits

In her study of ‘Surveillance Capitalism’, Shoshana Zuboff cites Google’s parent firm Alphabet’s legal customer-purchase agreement for the parent firm’s Nest thermostats. These impose ‘oppressive privacy and security consequences’ requiring sensitive information to be shared through ‘Internet-of-Things’ (IoT) networks with other domestic and external devices, unnamed functionaries and various third parties. This is for data harvesting, analytics, processing, manipulation and transformation through digital re-sale to the same and other consumers in the form of unwanted, targeted advertising. The point of this identity ‘rendition’ is to massively augment corporate profits. It is but a short step from trapping the unwitting consumer in a ‘smart home’ to planning a similarly mediated ‘smart city’ aimed at further massively augmenting corporate profits. This is happening, as founders of digital media from Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Amazon and Tesla either commission or become beneficiaries of ‘smart city’ planning. However, there is evidence that such imperiousness is increasingly countered by emerging democratic critique of these new ‘model villages’ or ‘company towns’.

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