scholarly journals Design of a Tunable Snapshot Multispectral Imaging System through Ray Tracing Simulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Mengjia Ding ◽  
Peter WT Yuen ◽  
Jonathan Piper ◽  
Peter Godfree ◽  
Ayan Chatterjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Coded Aperture ◽  
Practical Usefulness ◽  
Present Design ◽  
Pros And Cons

Research on snapshot multispectral imaging has been popular in the remote sensing community due to the high demands of video-rate remote sensing system for various applications. Existing snapshot multispectral imaging techniques are mainly of a fixed wavelength type, which limits their practical usefulness. This paper describes a tunable multispectral snapshot system by using a dual prism assembly as the dispersion element of the coded aperture snapshot spectral imagers (CASSI). Spectral tuning is achieved by adjusting the air gap displacement of the dual prism assembly. Typical spectral shifts of about 1 nm at 400 nm and 12 nm at 700 nm wavelength have been achieved in the present design when the air-gap of the dual prism is changed from 4.24 mm to 5.04 mm. The paper outlines the optical designs, the performance, and the pros and cons of the dual-prism CASSI (DP-CASSI) system. The performance of the system is illustrated by TraceProTM ray tracing, to allow researchers in the field to repeat or to validate the results presented in this paper.

scholarly journals Development and Experimental Study of Phantoms for Mapping Skin Chromophores

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Silapetere ◽  
J. Spigulis ◽  
I. Saknite
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cambridge Research ◽  
Dermal Cell ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging Techniques

Abstract Skin chromophore phantoms are widely used for better understanding of the light interaction with tissue and for calibration of skin diagnostic imaging techniques. In this work, different phantoms were examined and compared in order to find biologically equivalent substances that are the most promising for this purpose. For mimicking the skin medium and layered structure, a fibrin matrix with epidermal and dermal cell inclusion was used. Synthesized bilirubin, red blood cells and nigrosin were taken as absorbers. For spectral analysis of the developed phantoms a computer-aided multispectral imaging system Nuance 2.4 (Cambridge Research & Instrumentation, Inc., USA) was used. In this study, skin phantoms were created using such substances as bilirubin, melanin, haemoglobin and nigrosin

Multispectral imaging system on tethered balloons for optical remote sensing education and outreach

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Shaw ◽  
Paul W. Nugent ◽  
Nathan Kaufman ◽  
Nathan J. Pust ◽  
Devin Mikes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Optical Remote Sensing ◽  
Education And Outreach

scholarly journals An Airborne Multispectral Imaging System Based on Two Consumer-Grade Cameras for Agricultural Remote Sensing

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 5257-5278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenghai Yang ◽  
John Westbrook ◽  
Charles Suh ◽  
Daniel Martin ◽  
W. Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Imaging System

scholarly journals Development of a VNIR/SWIR Multispectral Imaging System for Vegetation Monitoring with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (24) ◽  
pp. 5507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Jenal ◽  
Georg Bareth ◽  
Andreas Bolten ◽  
Caspar Kneer ◽  
Immanuel Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Vegetation Monitoring ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Remote Sensing Applications ◽  
Short Wave Infrared

Short-wave infrared (SWIR) imaging systems with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are rarely used for remote sensing applications, like for vegetation monitoring. The reasons are that in the past, sensor systems covering the SWIR range were too expensive, too heavy, or not performing well enough, as, in contrast, it is the case in the visible and near-infrared range (VNIR). Therefore, our main objective is the development of a novel modular two-channel multispectral imaging system with a broad spectral sensitivity from the visible to the short-wave infrared spectrum (approx. 400 nm to 1700 nm) that is compact, lightweight and energy-efficient enough for UAV-based remote sensing applications. Various established vegetation indices (VIs) for mapping vegetation traits can then be set up by selecting any suitable filter combination. The study describes the selection of the individual components, starting with suitable camera modules, the optical as well as the control and storage parts. Special bandpass filters are used to select the desired wavelengths to be captured. A unique flange system has been developed, which also allows the filters to be interchanged quickly in order to adapt the system to a new application in a short time. The characterization of the system was performed in the laboratory with an integrating sphere and a climatic chamber. Finally, the integration of the novel modular VNIR/SWIR imaging system into a UAV and a subsequent first outdoor test flight, in which the functionality was tested, are described.

scholarly journals Functional Imaging of the Ocular Fundus Using an 8-Band Retinal Multispectral Imaging System

Instruments ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Emanuel R. de Carvalho ◽  
Richelle J. M. Hoveling ◽  
Cornelis J. F. van Noorden ◽  
Reinier O. Schlingemann ◽  
Maurice C. G. Aalders
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Full Scan

Application of functional imaging in ophthalmology requires efficient imaging techniques that can detect and quantify chromophores to visualise processes in vivo. The aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate a fast and affordable imaging system. We describe an eight-band retinal multispectral imaging (MSI) system and compare it with a hyperspectral imaging (HSI) device. Determination of blood oxygen saturation was studied as proof of principle. Reflectance of incident light is measured as 1/absorbance at different wavelengths between 440 nm and 580 nm. Both devices have incorporated optical bandpass filters in a mydriatic fundus camera. The MSI system scans the retina at eight pre-defined wavelengths specific for the spectrum of haemoglobin. The HSI system acquires a full scan from 480 to 720 nm in 5 nm steps. A simple assessment of the ratio between the absorbance peaks of oxygenated haemoglobin (HbO2) and reduced haemoglobin (HbR) was not suitable for generating validated oxygenation maps of the retina. However, a correction algorithm that compares the measured reflectance with reflectance spectra of fully oxygenated and fully deoxygenated blood allowed our MSI setup to estimate relative oxygen saturation at higher levels, but underestimated relative oxygen saturation at lower levels. The MSI device generated better quality images than the HSI device. It allows customisation with filter sets optimised for other chromophores of interest, and augmented with extrinsic contrast imaging agents, it has the potential for a wider range of ophthalmic molecular imaging applications.

747 Evaluation of immune microenvironment of primary lung cancer and synchronous liver metastasis with multispectral imaging system

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A795-A795
Author(s):  
Hyeonbin Cho ◽  
Jae-Hwan Kim ◽  
Ji-Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cells ◽  
Primary Lung Cancer ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Synchronous Liver Metastasis ◽  
Immune Microenvironment

BackgroundCancer immunotherapy (CIT) has substantially improved the survival of cancer patients. However, according to recent studies, liver metastasis was reported to predict worse outcomes for CIT. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the differences in the immune microenvironment (IME) between the primary lung cancer (PL) and synchronous liver metastasis (LM) using a multispectral imaging system.MethodsSix immune markers (CD4, CD8, CTLA-4, granzyme B (GZB), Foxp3 and PD-L1) were analyzed using a multiplex IHC system and inForm program (Akoya) on paired lung-liver samples of 10 patients. Cells were categorized into tumor nest and stroma, and cell counts per unit area were measured for comparison.ResultsThe number of tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T cells (TIL) in PL (262.5 cells/mm2) was higher than that of LM (113.3 cells/mm2). Additionally, the ratio between the number of TIL and non-TIL was greater in PL (0.31) compared to that of LM (0.26). A similar trend appeared for Helper T cells and regulatory T cells (Treg), as PL consisted of higher numbers of T cells (791.8 Helper T cells/mm2, 195.7 Treg/mm2) than LM (626.3 Helper T cells/mm2, 121.3 Treg/mm2). However, cytotoxic T cells exhibiting GZB+ and CTLA-4- were fewer in PL (140.2 cells/mm2) than in LM (203.3 cells/mm2), and the ratio is 0.69. The mean number of GZB+ TIL in PL (32.5 cells/mm2) was lower than in LM (35.3 cells/mm2), and their proportions among total TIL counts were 0.12 and 0.31, respectively. In PL, GZB+: GZB- ratio is 0.16 while the ratio is 1.91 for LM. A fewer number of TILs exhibiting GZB suggests that PL has lower efficiency in immune response than LM. Another crucial checkpoint receptor that inhibits immune response, CTLA-4, was more prevalent in PL, with CTLA-4+: CTLA-4- ratio in Treg being 0.36 in PL, compared to 0.11 in LM. The tumor proportion score (TPS) of PD-L1 was higher in PL than LM (40.0 vs. 6.6).ConclusionsIn our study, we showed the differences in the numbers of TIL or regulatory T cells and expressions of immune checkpoint receptors (PD-L1, CTLA-4), which significantly influence outcomes for CIT. The study is ongoing to confirm different IME between the PL and LM groups in a larger tumor cohort.ReferencesPeng, Jianhong, et al., Immune Cell Infiltration in the Microenvironment of Liver Oligometastasis from Colorectal Cancer: Intratumoural CD8/CD3 Ratio Is a Valuable Prognostic Index for Patients Undergoing Liver Metastasectomy. Cancers 2019 Dec; 11(12): 1922. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11121922Tumeh, Paul C., et al., Liver Metastasis and treatment outcome with Anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody in patients with melanoma and NSCLC. Cancer Immunol Res 2017 May; 5(5): 417–424. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-16-0325Parra, E.R., Immune Cell Profiling in Cancer Using Multiplex Immunofluorescence and Digital Analysis Approaches; Streckfus, C.F., Ed.; IntechOpen: London, UK, 2018; pp. 1–13. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.80380Ribas, A., Hu-Lieskovan, S., What does PD-L1 positive or negative mean?. The Journal of Experimental Medicine 2016;213(13):2835–2840. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20161462

scholarly journals Archaeological Surveying of Subarctic and Arctic Landscapes: Comparing the Performance of Airborne Laser Scanning and Remote Sensing Image Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1917
Author(s):  
Alma Elizabeth Thuestad ◽  
Ole Risbøl ◽  
Jan Ingolf Kleppe ◽  
Stine Barlindhaug ◽  
Elin Rose Myrvoll
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Remote Sensing Image ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanning ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
Pros And Cons

What can remote sensing contribute to archaeological surveying in subarctic and arctic landscapes? The pros and cons of remote sensing data vary as do areas of utilization and methodological approaches. We assessed the applicability of remote sensing for archaeological surveying of northern landscapes using airborne laser scanning (LiDAR) and satellite and aerial images to map archaeological features as a basis for (a) assessing the pros and cons of the different approaches and (b) assessing the potential detection rate of remote sensing. Interpretation of images and a LiDAR-based bare-earth digital terrain model (DTM) was based on visual analyses aided by processing and visualizing techniques. 368 features were identified in the aerial images, 437 in the satellite images and 1186 in the DTM. LiDAR yielded the better result, especially for hunting pits. Image data proved suitable for dwellings and settlement sites. Feature characteristics proved a key factor for detectability, both in LiDAR and image data. This study has shown that LiDAR and remote sensing image data are highly applicable for archaeological surveying in northern landscapes. It showed that a multi-sensor approach contributes to high detection rates. Our results have improved the inventory of archaeological sites in a non-destructive and minimally invasive manner.

scholarly journals Optimized Method for Mapping Inorganic Pigments by Means of Multispectral Imaging Combined with Hyperspectral Spectroscopy for the Study of Vincenzo Pasqualoni’s Wall Painting at the Basilica of S. Nicola in Carcere in Rome

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 839
Author(s):  
Lucilla Pronti ◽  
Giuseppe Capobianco ◽  
Margherita Vendittelli ◽  
Anna Candida Felici ◽  
Silvia Serranti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Wall Painting ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Spectral Difference ◽  
Color Palette ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Nir Reflectance Spectroscopy

Multispectral imaging is a preliminary screening technique for the study of paintings. Although it permits the identification of several mineral pigments by their spectral behavior, it is considered less performing concerning hyperspectral imaging, since a limited number of wavelengths are selected. In this work, we propose an optimized method to map the distribution of the mineral pigments used by Vincenzo Pasqualoni for his wall painting placed at the Basilica of S. Nicola in Carcere in Rome, combining UV/VIS/NIR reflectance spectroscopy and multispectral imaging. The first method (UV/VIS/NIR reflectance spectroscopy) allowed us to characterize pigment layers with a high spectral resolution; the second method (UV/VIS/NIR multispectral imaging) permitted the evaluation of the pigment distribution by utilizing a restricted number of wavelengths. Combining the results obtained from both devices was possible to obtain a distribution map of a pictorial layer with a high accuracy level of pigment recognition. The method involved the joint use of point-by-point hyperspectral spectroscopy and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to identify the pigments in the color palette and evaluate the possibility to discriminate all the pigments recognized, using a minor number of wavelengths acquired through the multispectral imaging system. Finally, the distribution and the spectral difference of the different pigments recognized in the multispectral images, (in this case: red ochre, yellow ochre, orpiment, cobalt blue-based pigments, ultramarine and chrome green) were shown through PCA false-color images.

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