scholarly journals Direct-Contact Cytotoxicity Evaluation of CoCrFeNi-Based Multi-Principal Element Alloys

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Newell ◽  
Zi Wang ◽  
Isabel Arias ◽  
Abhishek Mehta ◽  
Yongho Sohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Principal Element ◽  
Surface Corrosion ◽  
Alamarblue Assay ◽  
Control Samples

Transition metal multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) are novel alloys that may offer enhanced surface and mechanical properties compared with commercial metallic alloys. However, their biocompatibility has not been investigated. In this study, three CoCrFeNi-based MPEAs were fabricated, and the in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated in direct contact with fibroblasts for 168 h. The cell viability and cell number were assessed at 24, 96, and 168 h using LIVE/DEAD assay and alamarBlue assay, respectively. All MPEA sample wells had a high percentage of viable cells at each time point. The two quaternary MPEAs demonstrated a similar cell response to stainless steel control with the alamarBlue assay, while the quinary MPEA with Mn had a lower cell number after 168 h. Fibroblasts cultured with the MPEA samples demonstrated a consistent elongated morphology, while those cultured with the Ni control samples demonstrated changes in cell morphology after 24 h. No significant surface corrosion was observed on the MPEAs or stainless steel samples following the cell culture, while the Ni control samples had extensive corrosion. The cell growth and viability results demonstrate the cytocompatibility of the MPEAs. The biocompatibility of MPEAs should be investigated further to determine if MPEAs may be utilized in orthopedic implants and other biomedical applications.

scholarly journals In Vitro Electrochemical Corrosion and Cell Viability Studies on Nickel-Free Stainless Steel Orthopedic Implants

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e61633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Salahinejad ◽  
Mohammad Jafar Hadianfard ◽  
Digby Donald Macdonald ◽  
Samin Sharifi-Asl ◽  
Masoud Mozafari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Orthopedic Implants

In vitro Cytotoxicity of Bisphenol A in Monocytes Cell Line

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Neri ◽  
Grazia Maria Virzì ◽  
Alessandra Brocca ◽  
Francesco Garzotto ◽  
Jeong Chul Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Apoptotic Effect ◽  
Monocyte Cell

Background/Aim: Bisphenol A (BPA) is used in the production of many plastics, which are used to build biomaterials that sometimes are in direct contact with blood. It is believed that the release of BPA into bloodstream may give rise to cytotoxic events for blood components. The aim of the present study was to perform an in vitro investigation of the observable cytotoxic effect of BPA, at increasing concentrations, on the monocyte cell line. Methods: We incubated in vitro monocyte cells (U937) for 24 h in cell line medium samples (RPMI 1640) at different concentrations of BPA. We then generated curves to evaluate viability, necrosis and apoptosis of monocytes against increasing concentrations of BPA. Results: The percentage values of concentrations of BPA corresponding to 50% of the viability and necrosis of the monocytes were 1.39 and 1.48 ng/ml, respectively. Based on our observations, we reported an increasing cytotoxic effect for higher concentrations. The apoptotic effect reached the maximum value at BPA concentration of 1.5 ng/ml; at still higher concentrations, we observed a predominantly necrotic cell death. Conclusion: Viability, necrosis and apoptosis of monocytes are strongly and positively correlated with BPA concentration. A direct contact of such compound with biological components of blood may lead to high levels of cytotoxicity, and require us to evaluate additional factors while judging the bio-incompatibility of BPA.

scholarly journals Corrosion Behavior and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Ni–Ti and Stainless Steel Arch Wires Exposed to Lysozyme, Ovalbumin, and Bovine Serum Albumin

ACS Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (30) ◽  
pp. 18995-19003
Author(s):  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Longwen He ◽  
Yuming Chen ◽  
Danni Dai ◽  
Yuan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity

scholarly journals Assessment of Biosafety and Implantation Feasibility of Novel Phakic Refractive Lens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohua Zhang ◽  
Chang Huang ◽  
Huamao Miao ◽  
Junyao Wu ◽  
Chao Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Film Surface ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Posterior Chamber ◽  
Cell Area ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Retention Ratio ◽  
Refractive Lens

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the biosafety and implantation feasibility of newly developed phakic refractive lens (PRL) in rabbit eyes. Methods: The PRLs, including short PRL (S-PRL), large PRL (L-PRL), and large grooved PRL (LG-PRL), were prepared by molding liquid medical silicon. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the above PRLs was evaluated by incubating them with human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) and then measuring cell viability by CCK-8 assay. In vitro cell adhesion of PRLs was assessed by culturing HLECs on PRL film surface and calculating the cell number and average cell area after stained with Calcein-AM and fluorescent. The implantation feasibility was appraised by observing the relative positions of S-PRL, L-PRL or LG-PRL implanted in the posterior chamber of rabbit eyes by optical coherence tomography, and calculating their retention ratio postoperatively. The intraocular pressure (IOP) of S-PRL, L-PRL, LG-PRL and control groups of rabbit eyes was compared to evaluate the biosafety of implantation.Results: The results of in vitro cytotoxicity showed no significant difference of cell viability was observed in the S-PRL, L-PRL or LG-PRL groups compared to the control group throughout the whole experiment. The HLECs cultured on the PRL film surface presented similar cell number, but smaller average cell area (53.8% vs 100%) when compared to the control group, which implied obvious adhesion inhibition on HLECs caused by PRL film. After implantation of S-PRL, L-PRL or LG-PRL into the posterior chamber of rabbit eyes, no obvious inflammation and IOP elevation were observed at each time point in all sample groups compared to the control group, which indicated that PRL samples had good implantation biosafety. Most of the implanted L-PRL and LG-PRL kept in the correct location, while only less of the S-PRL was at the right site. That was, L-PRL and LG-PRL had proper relative position and high retention ratio in the posterior chamber of rabbit eyes. L-PRL and S-PRL samples tended to attach to iris surface, while LG-PRL sample constructed enough space on the iris surface by its grooves surrounding the central optical zone, which was conducive to circulation of aqueous humor.Conclusions: The newly developed LG-PRL sample presented good biosafety in terms of the negligible in vitro cytotoxicity, ocular inflammation and IOP fluctuations. The LG-PRL provided the best implantation feasibility due to the more proper relative position, available space for aqueous humor circulation, and high retention ratio in the posterior chamber of rabbit eyes among the three kinds of PRL samples. Thus, LG-PRL is a promising alternative with appropriate size and surface structure to more effectively correct refractive errors.

scholarly journals Resistance of Bacterial Biofilms Formed on Stainless Steel Surface to disinfecting Agent

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOANNA KRÓLASIK ◽  
ZOFIA ŻAKOWSKA ◽  
MILENA KRĘPSKA ◽  
LESZEK KLIMEK
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Stainless Steel Surface ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Staphylococcus Hominis

The natural ability of microorganisms for adhesion and biofilm formation on various surfaces is one of the factors causing the inefficiency of a disinfection agent, despite its proven activity in vitro. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of disinfecting substances on bacterial biofilms formed on stainless steel surface. A universally applied disinfecting agent was used in the tests. Bacterial strains: Listeria innocua, Pseudomonas putida, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus hominis strains, were isolated from food contact surfaces, after a cleaning and disinfection process. The disinfecting agent was a commercially available acid specimen based on hydrogen peroxide and peroxyacetic acid, the substance that was designed for food industry usage. Model tests were carried out on biofilm formed on stainless steel (type 304, no 4 finish). Biofilms were recorded by electron scanning microscope. The disinfecting agent in usable concentration, 0.5% and during 10 minutes was ineffective for biofilms. The reduction of cells in biofilms was only 1-2 logarithmic cycles. The use of the agent in higher concentration--1% for 30 minutes caused reduction of cell number by around 5 logarithmic cycles only in the case of one microorganism, M. luteus. For other types: L. innocua, P. putida, S. hominis, the requirements placed on disinfecting agents were not fulfilled. The results of experiments proved that bacterial biofilms are resistant to the disinfectant applied in its operational parameters. Disinfecting effectiveness was achieved after twofold increase of the agent's concentration.

In vitro Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Analysis of Ten Tannery Chemicals Using SOS/umu Tests and High-content In vitro Micronucleus Tests

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehao Huang ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Kaifeng Rao ◽  
Cuiting Liu ◽  
Zijian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Qsar Analysis ◽  
Cell Assays ◽  
Micronucleus Tests ◽  
Damaging Effects

Background: More than 2,000 chemicals have been used in the tannery industry. Although some tannery chemicals have been reported to have harmful effects on both human health and the environment, only a few have been subjected to genotoxicity and cytotoxicity evaluations. Objective: This study focused on cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of ten tannery chemicals widely used in China. Materials and Methods: DNA-damaging effects were measured using the SOS/umu test with Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002. Chromosome-damaging and cytotoxic effects were determined with the high-content in vitro Micronucleus test (MN test) using the human-derived cell lines MGC-803 and A549. Conclusion: The cytotoxicity of the ten tannery chemicals differed somewhat between the two cell assays, with A549 cells being more sensitive than MGC-803 cells. None of the chemicals induced DNA damage before metabolism, but one was found to have DNA-damaging effects on metabolism. Four of the chemicals, DY64, SB1, DB71 and RR120, were found to have chromosome-damaging effects. A Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analysis indicated that one structural feature favouring chemical genotoxicity, Hacceptor-path3-Hacceptor, may contribute to the chromosome-damaging effects of the four MN-test-positive chemicals.

Mixed Micelles as Nano Polymer Therapeutics of Docetaxel: Increased In vitro Cytotoxicity and Decreased In vivo Toxicity

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arehalli S. Manjappa ◽  
Popat S. Kumbhar ◽  
Prajakta S. Khopade ◽  
Ajit B. Patil ◽  
John I. Disouza
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Micelles ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Polymer Therapeutics ◽  
In Vivo Toxicity
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