scholarly journals Microwave Synthesis of MnO2-Lignin Composite Electrodes for Supercapacitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Siddhi Mehta ◽  
Swarn Jha ◽  
Dali Huang ◽  
Kailash Arole ◽  
Hong Liang
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Synthesis ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Green Composite ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Electroactive Material ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Charge Discharge

The demand for energy storage devices made from biodegradable materials has increased significantly due to sustainability. Currently, such devices possess vital issues, such as high manufacturing costs and toxicity, low reliability, as well as poor electrochemical performance. In this research, microwave synthesis was conducted to fabricate a low-cost, high-performing, plant-based electroactive material. MnO2 microparticles fabricated via microwave irradiation were deposited on two plant-based materials as substrates made of Al/lignin and Al/AC/lignin. The quasi-solid-state supercapacitors were assembled using a polymeric gel electrolyte of PVA/H3PO4. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to examine the polydispersity, morphology, and porosity of the micro-MnO2 deposited materials. FTIR and UV-vis spectroscopy were performed to study the composition and verify deposition of micro-MnO2 on the lignin-based matrixes. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was employed to study the polarization resistance of the system. The cyclic charge-discharge (CCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were performed to observe cyclic performance and interfacial resistances. Electrochemical tests showed that after 700 cycles of charge-discharge, both the supercapacitors exhibited high capacitance retention above 90%. Compared to the existing technology, this method enables consistent material structurization with tunable properties due to the controlled heating time and exposure to radiation with minimal waste. This work provides an alternative approach to synthesize low-cost and scalable green composite electrodes for flexible supercapacitors.

scholarly journals A Facile and Green Synthesis of a MoO2-Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel for Energy Storage Devices

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Serrapede ◽  
Marco Fontana ◽  
Arnaud Gigot ◽  
Marco Armandi ◽  
Glenda Biasotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Xps Analysis ◽  
3D Scaffold ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Reduced Graphene

A simple, low cost, and “green” method of hydrothermal synthesis, based on the addition of l-ascorbic acid (l-AA) as a reducing agent, is presented in order to obtain reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and hybrid rGO-MoO2 aerogels for the fabrication of supercapacitors. The resulting high degree of chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO), confirmed by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, is shown to produce a better electrical double layer (EDL) capacitance, as shown by cyclic voltammetric (CV) measurements. Moreover, a good reduction yield of the carbonaceous 3D-scaffold seems to be achievable even when the precursor of molybdenum oxide is added to the pristine slurry in order to get the hybrid rGO-MoO2 compound. The pseudocapacitance contribution from the resulting embedded MoO2 microstructures, was then studied by means of CV and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The oxidation state of the molybdenum in the MoO2 particles embedded in the rGO aerogel was deeply studied by means of XPS analysis and valuable information on the electrochemical behavior, according to the involved redox reactions, was obtained. Finally, the increased stability of the aerogels prepared with l-AA, after charge-discharge cycling, was demonstrated and confirmed by means of Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) characterization.

scholarly journals MXene/Ag2CrO4 Nanocomposite as Supercapacitors Electrode

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6008
Author(s):  
Tahira Yaqoob ◽  
Malika Rani ◽  
Arshad Mahmood ◽  
Rubia Shafique ◽  
Safia Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Bonding Structure ◽  
Electron Transfer Rate Constant ◽  
Co Precipitation

MXene/Ag2CrO4 nanocomposite was synthesized effectively by means of superficial low-cost co-precipitation technique in order to inspect its capacitive storage potential for supercapacitors. MXene was etched from MAX powder and Ag2CrO4 spinel was synthesized by an easy sol-gel scheme. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) revealed an addition in inter-planar spacing from 4.7 Å to 6.2 Å while Ag2CrO4 nanoparticles diffused in form of clusters over MXene layers that had been explored by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) demonstrated the elemental analysis. Raman spectroscopy opens the gap between bonding structure of as-synthesized nanocomposite. From photoluminence (PL) spectra the energy band gap value 3.86 eV was estimated. Electrode properties were characterized by applying electrochemical observations such as cyclic voltammetry along with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for understanding redox mechanism and electron transfer rate constant Kapp. Additionally, this novel work will be an assessment to analyze the capacitive behavior of electrode in different electrolytes such as in acidic of 0.1 M H2SO4 has specific capacitance Csp = 525 F/g at 10 mVs−1 and much low value in basic of 1 M KOH electrolyte. This paper reflects the novel synthesis and applications of MXene/Ag2CrO4 nanocomposite electrode fabrication in energy storage devices such as supercapacitors.

Sensitive detection of heavy metal ions: An electrochemical approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (19) ◽  
pp. 1840042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshada K. Patil ◽  
Megha A. Deshmukh ◽  
Gajanan A. Bodkhe ◽  
Mahendra D. Shirsat
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Oxidation States ◽  
Single Walled Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Electrochemical Approach ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Uv Visible

Polyaniline (PANI) is one of conducting polymers (CPs) which has been used widely in various fields of applications. The low cost monomer, red/ox reversibility, existence of various oxidation states, electrical & optical activity, environmental stability, etc. are the characteristic reasons for it. Herein, we report the electrochemically synthesized PANI and its composite with single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNTs) — PANI/SWNTs. The effects of inculcation of SWNTs were studied using the electrochemical properties of PANI and PANI/SWNTs composites, using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) for the electro active natures of both. For the study of optical absorption UV–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy was used and for morphology the field effect scanning electron mictroscopy (FESEM) was used. The composite PANI/SWNTs exhibited a good electroactive nature and therefore was opted as a sensing platform for the detection of nickel ions. For the selectivity inculcation of the nickel ions, the chelating ligand viz. dimethylglyoxime (DMG) was used for the modification of the composite.

Arsenic removal from groundwater using low-cost carbon composite electrodes for capacitive deionization

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 3064-3071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-Young Lee ◽  
Nantanee Chaimongkalayon ◽  
Jinho Lim ◽  
Heung Yong Ha ◽  
Seung-Hyeon Moon
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Eis Measurements

Abstract Affordable carbon composite electrodes were developed to treat low-concentrated groundwater using capacitive deionization (CDI). A carbon slurry prepared using activated carbon powder (ACP), poly(vinylidene fluoride), and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was employed as a casting solution to soak in a low-cost porous substrate. The surface morphology of the carbon composite electrodes was investigated using a video microscope and scanning electron microscopy. The capacitance and electrical conductivity of the carbon composite electrodes were then examined using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), respectively. According to the CV and EIS measurements, the capacitances and electrical conductivities of the carbon composite electrodes were in the range of 8.35–63.41 F g–1 and 0.298–0.401 S cm–1, respectively, depending on ACP contents. A CDI cell was assembled with the carbon composite electrodes instead of with electrodes and current collectors. The arsenate removal test included an investigation of the optimization of several important operating parameters, such as applied voltage and solution pH, and it achieved 98.8% removal efficiency using a 1 mg L–1 arsenate solution at a voltage of 2 V and under a pH 9 condition.

scholarly journals A Green Synthesis of Grpahene Based Composite for Energy Storage Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S4) ◽  
pp. 393-396
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Capacitive Properties ◽  
High Specific Energy ◽  
Technological Platform

In this study, graphene-molybdenum oxide composite materials were prepared via green hydrothermal synthesis method and evaluated as supercapacitor electrodes. The morphology and structure of the composite were examined by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy. The electrochemical performances of the composite were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic chargedischarge (CD) method, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The electrochemical results show that the composite electrodes possess improved specific capacitance of 122 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s, which is about 22% higher that of pure graphene. Additionally, the composite electrodes exhibit good capacitive properties and a high specific energy with superior capacitive retention after 1000 cycles. In contrast to the previously reported systems that are usually complicated and costly, the present work potentially provides a readily scalable technological platform for economic mass production of energy storage devices.

scholarly journals Low Temperature Synthesis of Anatase TiO2 Nanoparticles and its Application in Nanocrystalline Thin Films

2018 ◽  
Vol 778 ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yasir Khan ◽  
Ali Dad Chandio ◽  
Muhammad Sohail ◽  
Muhammad Arsalan ◽  
Muhammad Wasim Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

The nano-sized TiO2is an important material based on its application for solar cells. The low-cost synthesis of nano-sized TiO2is of high demand for commercial purposes. Synthesis of TiO2nanoparticles was achieved via the low-temperature Sol-gel method. Surface morphology was confirmed from SEM analysis, which showed that particle size is in the range of nanometer with no aggregation, The XRD results confirm the formation of anatase phase with high crystallinity. Furthermore, as prepared nano-sized TiO2particles were developed as sol-gel ink which was later deposited by spin coating on glass substrate with controlled spinning speed thereafter structural and optical properties were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and DSC-TGA. The low-cost synthesis of TiO2nanoparticles with highly conductive thin films can be used as a potential material for future dye-sensitized solar cells

scholarly journals Use of a zeolite slurry to increase the charge retention of a low-cost aqueous supercapacitor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Samuel Devese
Keyword(s):  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Galvanostatic Charge ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Discharge Curve ◽  
Charge Discharge

<p>To increase the viability of renewable energy technology, improvements must be made to existing energy storage devices. One such device is the supercapacitor, which is able to store energy like a battery, but with faster charge-discharge times and increased cyclability. The two main factors limiting the widespread use of supercapacitor technology are the high component cost and high rate of self-discharge. In this project, both of these aspects were addressed, and a supercapacitor was successfully constructed using a carbon black slurry containing zeolitic structures with a pore size of 4 Å to accommodate the electrolyte ions of potassium and chloride.  Low-cost materials and production methods were used to create a supercapacitor with a measured capacitance of 17.25 F g⁻¹ and a coulombic efficiency of 100% determined by galvanostatic charge-discharge curve measurements.</p>

Influence of Ag Doping on the Electrochemical Supercapacitor Characteristics of Manganese Dioxide Prepared by Pulsed Potentiostatic Electrodeposition

2020 ◽  
Vol 985 ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
Thi Thanh Bui Huyen ◽  
Anh N. Nguyen ◽  
Duong T. Nguyen ◽  
Thuy Thi Bich Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Graphite Substrate ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ag Doping ◽  
Cathodic Electrodeposition ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Electrochemical Supercapacitor ◽  
Charge Discharge

Manganese dioxide (MnO2) is a promising electrode material for electrochemical supercapacitor applications due to its low cost, eco-friendly and high theoretical specific capacitance in a wide potential window. In this study, MnO2 and Ag-doped MnO2 are prepared by cathodic electrodeposition on graphite substrate from electrolyte with the main compound of potassium permanganate using pulse potentiostatic technique. The effect of Ag doping on the morphology, structure and electrochemical properties of MnO2 materials are investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are used for characterization of the prepared materials. The results show that doping Ag into the MnO2 structure has improved electrochemical characteristics of materials. The specific capacitances are calculated for pure MnO2 and Ag-doped MnO2 to be 272.84 and 277.48 F/g, respectively. The prepared materials exhibit the high charge-discharge stability, maintaining at about 92 % for MnO2 and 95 % for Ag-doped MnO2 after 500 cycles of the charge-discharge operation.

scholarly journals Use of a zeolite slurry to increase the charge retention of a low-cost aqueous supercapacitor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Samuel Devese
Keyword(s):  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Galvanostatic Charge ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Discharge Curve ◽  
Charge Discharge

<p>To increase the viability of renewable energy technology, improvements must be made to existing energy storage devices. One such device is the supercapacitor, which is able to store energy like a battery, but with faster charge-discharge times and increased cyclability. The two main factors limiting the widespread use of supercapacitor technology are the high component cost and high rate of self-discharge. In this project, both of these aspects were addressed, and a supercapacitor was successfully constructed using a carbon black slurry containing zeolitic structures with a pore size of 4 Å to accommodate the electrolyte ions of potassium and chloride.  Low-cost materials and production methods were used to create a supercapacitor with a measured capacitance of 17.25 F g⁻¹ and a coulombic efficiency of 100% determined by galvanostatic charge-discharge curve measurements.</p>

scholarly journals Fabrication of High-Performance Flexible Supercapacitor Electrodes with Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) Grown on Carbon-Deposited Polyurethane Sponge

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7393
Author(s):  
Linyue Tong ◽  
Laura A. Sonnenberg ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Steven M. Boyer ◽  
Maggie T. Fox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelet

Composite porous supercapacitor electrodes were prepared by growing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) on graphite nanoplatelet- or graphene nanoplatelet-deposited open-cell polyurethane (PU) sponges via a vapor phase polymerization (VPP) method. The resulting composite supercapacitor electrodes exhibited great capacitive performance, with PEDOT acting as both the conductive binder and the active material. The chemical composition was characterized by Raman spectroscopy and the surface morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), charge-discharge (CD) tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were utilized to study the electrical performance of the composite electrodes produced in symmetrically configured supercapacitor cells. The carbon material deposited on PU substrates and the polymerization temperature of PEDOT affected significantly the PEDOT morphology and the electrical properties of the resulting composite sponges. The highest areal specific capacitance 798.2 mF cm−2 was obtained with the composite sponge fabricated by VPP of PEDOT at 110 °C with graphene nanoplatelet-deposited PU sponge substrate. The capacitance retention of this composite electrode was 101.0% after 10,000 charging–discharging cycles. The high flexibility, high areal specific capacitance, excellent long-term cycling stability and low cost make these composite sponges promising electrode materials for supercapacitors.

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